IPC 机制---使用Socket

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IPC 机制---使用Socket

Socket 也称套接字，是网络通信中的概念，它分为流式套接字和用户数据报套接字两种

流式套接字：对应于传输控制层的TCP协议 TCP协议是面向连接的协议，提供稳定的双向通信功能，TCP的连接需要经过三次握手才能完成，为了提供稳定的数据传输功能，其本身提供了超时重传机制，因此具有很高的稳定性。

用户数据报套接字：对应于传输控制层的UDP协议，UDP是无连接的，提供不稳定的单向通信功能，当然UDP也可以实现双向通信功能。在性能上UDP具有更好的效率，其缺点是不能保证数据一定能够正确传输，尤其是在网络拥塞的情况下。

使用 Socket 来进行通信首先需要声明权限

<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.INTERNET"/>

<uses-permissionandroid:name="android.permission.ACCESS_NETWORK_STATE"/>

其次不能够在主线程中访问网络，因为这会导致我们的程序无法在Android4.0 以上的设备运行。而且进行网络操作很可能是耗时的，如果放在主线程的中，会影响程序的响应效率。

服务端代码：

publicclassTCPServerServiceextendsService {

privatebooleanmIsServiceDestoryed=false;

privateString[]mDefinedMessages=newString[] {

"浣犲ソ鍟婏紝鍝堝搱",

"璇烽棶浣犲彨浠�涔堝悕瀛楀憖锛�",

"浠婂ぉ鍖椾含澶╂皵涓嶉敊鍟婏紝shy",

"浣犵煡閬撳悧锛熸垜鍙槸鍙互鍜屽涓汉鍚屾椂鑱婂ぉ鐨勫摝",

"缁欎綘璁蹭釜绗戣瘽鍚э細鎹鐖辩瑧鐨勪汉杩愭皵涓嶄細澶樊锛屼笉鐭ラ亾鐪熷亣銆�"

};

@Override

publicvoidonCreate() {

newThread(newTcpServer()).start();

super.onCreate();

}

@Override

publicIBinder onBind(Intent intent) {

returnnull;

}

@Override

publicvoidonDestroy() {

mIsServiceDestoryed=true;

super.onDestroy();

}

privateclassTcpServerimplementsRunnable {

@SuppressWarnings("resource")

@Override

publicvoidrun() {

ServerSocket serverSocket =null;

try{

serverSocket =newServerSocket(8688);

}catch(IOException e) {

System.err.println("establish tcp server failed, port:8688" );

e.printStackTrace();

return;

}

while(!mIsServiceDestoryed) {

try{

// 鎺ュ彈瀹㈡埛绔姹�

finalSocket client = serverSocket.accept();

System.out.println("accept");

newThread() {

@Override

publicvoidrun() {

try{

responseClient(client);

}catch(IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

};

}.start();

}catch(IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

privatevoidresponseClient(Socket client)throwsIOException {

// 用于接收客户端消息

BufferedReader in =newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(

client.getInputStream()));

// 用于向客户端发送消息

PrintWriter out =newPrintWriter(newBufferedWriter(

newOutputStreamWriter(client.getOutputStream())),true);

out.println("娆㈣繋鏉ュ埌鑱婂ぉ瀹わ紒");

while(!mIsServiceDestoryed) {

String str = in.readLine();

System.out.println("msg from client:" + str);

if(str ==null) {

//客户端断开连接

break;

}

inti =newRandom().nextInt(mDefinedMessages.length);

String msg =mDefinedMessages[i];

out.println(msg);

System.out.println("send :" + msg);

}

System.out.println("client quit." );

// 鍏抽棴娴�

MyUtils.close(out);

MyUtils.close(in);

client.close();

}

客户端代码：

publicclassTCPClientActivityextendsActivityimplementsOnClickListener {

privatestaticfinalintMESSAGE_RECEIVE_NEW_MSG= 1;

privatestaticfinalintMESSAGE_SOCKET_CONNECTED= 2;

privateButtonmSendButton;

privateTextViewmMessageTextView;

privateEditTextmMessageEditText;

privatePrintWritermPrintWriter;

privateSocketmClientSocket;

@SuppressLint("HandlerLeak")

privateHandlermHandler=newHandler() {

@Override

publicvoidhandleMessage(Message msg) {

switch(msg.what) {

caseMESSAGE_RECEIVE_NEW_MSG: {

mMessageTextView.setText(mMessageTextView.getText()

+ (String) msg.obj);

break;

}

caseMESSAGE_SOCKET_CONNECTED: {

mSendButton.setEnabled(true);

break;

}

default:

break;

}

};

@Override

protectedvoidonCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {

super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);

setContentView(R.layout.activity_tcpclient);

mMessageTextView= (TextView) findViewById(R.id.msg_container);

mSendButton= (Button) findViewById(R.id.send);

mSendButton.setOnClickListener(this);

mMessageEditText= (EditText) findViewById(R.id.msg);

Intent service =newIntent(this, TCPServerService.class);

startService(service);

newThread() {

@Override

publicvoidrun() {

connectTCPServer();

}

}.start();

}

@Override

protectedvoidonDestroy() {

if(mClientSocket!=null) {

try{

mClientSocket.shutdownInput();

mClientSocket.close();

}catch(IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

super.onDestroy();

}

@Override

publicvoidonClick(View v) {

if(v ==mSendButton) {

finalString msg =mMessageEditText.getText().toString();

if(!TextUtils.isEmpty(msg) &&mPrintWriter!=null) {

mPrintWriter.println(msg);

mMessageEditText.setText("");

String time = formatDateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());

finalString showedMsg ="self "+ time +":"+ msg +"\n";

mMessageTextView.setText(mMessageTextView.getText() + showedMsg);

}

@SuppressLint("SimpleDateFormat")

privateString formatDateTime(longtime) {

returnnewSimpleDateFormat("(HH:mm:ss)").format(newDate(time));

}

privatevoidconnectTCPServer() {

Socket socket =null;

while(socket ==null) {

try{

socket =newSocket("localhost", 8688);

mClientSocket= socket;

mPrintWriter=newPrintWriter(newBufferedWriter(

newOutputStreamWriter(socket.getOutputStream())),true);

mHandler.sendEmptyMessage(MESSAGE_SOCKET_CONNECTED);

System.out.println("connect server success" );

}catch(IOException e) {

SystemClock.sleep(1000);

System.out.println("connect tcp server failed, retry..." );

}

try{

// 鎺ユ敹鏈嶅姟鍣ㄧ鐨勬秷鎭�

BufferedReader br =newBufferedReader(newInputStreamReader(

socket.getInputStream()));

while(!TCPClientActivity.this.isFinishing()) {

String msg = br.readLine();

System.out.println("receive :" + msg);

if(msg !=null) {

String time = formatDateTime(System.currentTimeMillis());

finalString showedMsg ="server "+ time +":"+ msg

+"\n";

mHandler.obtainMessage(MESSAGE_RECEIVE_NEW_MSG, showedMsg)

.sendToTarget();

}

System.out.println("quit...");

MyUtils.close(mPrintWriter);

MyUtils.close(br);

socket.close();

}catch(IOException e) {

e.printStackTrace();

}

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