PyMongo使用入门(一)

安装

pip install pymongo

python3.4环境配置好，我是Windows系统，cmd命令安装就可以了

连接数据库,简单增加，查询数据

import pymongofrom pymongo import MongoClientfrom bson.objectid import ObjectIdimport datetimeclient = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)db = client.PymongoDemo"""第二种连接方法"""#client = MongoClient('mongodb://localhost:27017/')#db = client['test-database']#collection = db['test-collection']post = {"author": "Mike",         "text": "My first blog post!",         "tags": ["mongodb", "python", "pymongo"],         "date": datetime.datetime.utcnow()}posts = db.posts"""要插入到文档的集合，我们可以使用insert_one（）方法："""post_id = posts.insert_one(post).inserted_idprint(post_id)"""我们列出数据库所有的集合"""db.collection_names(include_system_collections=False)print(posts.find_one())print(posts.find_one({"author": "Mike"}))print(posts.find_one({"author": "Eliot"}))#根据ObjectId查询posts.find_one({"_id": post_id})"""在Web应用程序中的一个常见的任务是让从请求的URL获得ObjectId来查找匹配的文件。在这种情况下，有必要将其传递给find_one前，从一个字符串转换成ObjectId："""def get(post_id):    document = client.db.collection.find_one({'_id': ObjectId(post_id)})

批量插入

import pymongofrom pymongo import MongoClientfrom bson.objectid import ObjectIdimport datetimeclient = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)db = client.PymongoDemoposts = db.posts#批量插入new_posts = [{"author": "Mike",              "text": "Another post!",              "tags": ["bulk", "insert"],              "date": datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 12, 11, 14)},            {"author": "Eliot",              "title": "MongoDB is fun",               "text": "and pretty easy too!",             "date": datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 10, 10, 45)}]result = posts.insert_many(new_posts)print(result.inserted_ids)

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查询

import pymongofrom pymongo import MongoClientfrom bson.objectid import ObjectIdimport datetimeclient = MongoClient('localhost', 27017)db = client.PymongoDemoposts = db.postsfor post in posts.find():   print(post)for post in posts.find({"author": "Mike"}):    print(post)#统计print(posts.count())"""范围查询"""d = datetime.datetime(2009, 11, 12, 12)for post in posts.find({"date": {"$lt": d}}).sort("author"):  print(post)"""索引""""""创建唯一索引""""""一种是在_id的索引MongoDB的自动创建，另一种是我们刚创建的用户ID的索引。"""#result = db.profiles.create_index([('user_id', pymongo.ASCENDING)], unique=True)#print(list(db.profiles.index_information()))user_profiles = [     {'user_id': 211, 'name': 'Luke'},     {'user_id': 212, 'name': 'Ziltoid'}]result = db.profiles.insert_many(user_profiles)new_profile = {'user_id': 213, 'name': 'Drew'}duplicate_profile = {'user_id': 212, 'name': 'Tommy'}result = db.profiles.insert_one(new_profile)  # 这可以"""重复键错误"""result = db.profiles.insert_one(duplicate_profile) #报错