超简单spring、springmvc和hibernate整合的列子

作为一个初学者，在网上找了很久都没有找到一个简单的例子。最终自己看明白了写出了一个。贴在这里，

首先是项目结构

超简单的结构，只是基本实现了mvc,hibernate/spring事务的使用。

基本实现为在index.jsp里点击一个按钮，将数据提交至后台的controller,然后对数据库进行操作，然后返回前台qiuqiu.jsp数据。

实现步骤1：

1:建立工程，加入所有jar包

2：配置mvc

1）配置web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0"><display-name>Tests</display-name><welcome-file-list><welcome-file>index.html</welcome-file><welcome-file>index.htm</welcome-file><welcome-file>index.jsp</welcome-file><welcome-file>default.html</welcome-file><welcome-file>default.htm</welcome-file><welcome-file>default.jsp</welcome-file></welcome-file-list><!-- spring加载多个配置文件是就要配置 context-param实际上是个键值对，作为项目的一个上下文对象 

而spring的监听器ContextLoaderListener加载时，会查找名为contextConfigLocation的参数 --><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value> classpath*:com/gaoyajun/spring/xmls/*.xml</param-value></context-param><!-- 配置Spring监听 --><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><servlet><servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class> <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>  </servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>springmvc</servlet-name><url-pattern>*.do</url-pattern></servlet-mapping><!-- 配置Session -->    <filter>      <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>      <filter-class>org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.support.OpenSessionInViewFilter</filter-class>    </filter>    <filter-mapping>      <filter-name>openSession</filter-name>      <url-pattern>/*</url-pattern>    </filter-mapping>  </web-app>  

2)配置springmvc-servlet.xml 主要就是视图解析器和扫描器

这个简单项目除了这两个东西没有任何别的。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-4.0.xsd"><div yne-bulb-block="paragraph" style="white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.875; font-size: 14px;"><!--视图解析器配置--></div>

<bean  class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><property name="prefix" value="/view/"></property><property name="suffix" value=".jsp"></property></bean>

<div yne-bulb-block="paragraph" style="white-space: pre-wrap; line-height: 1.875; font-size: 14px;"><!-- mvc扫描器--></div><mvc:annotation-driven/><context:component-scan base-package="com"></context:component-scan></beans>

当配置完这里，一个mvc的框架都配置成功了。在建立一个控制器一个前端jsp基本就可以获取到前后端通信了。

控制器：TestController

package com.gaoyajun.spring.conroller;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Map;import javax.annotation.Resource;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;import com.gaoyajun.spring.dao.UserDao;import com.gaoyajun.spring.entity.User;@Controllerpublic class TestController { @Resource(name="userDao")      private UserDao userdao;  @RequestMapping(value="/love.do",method=RequestMethod.POST)//注解的方式，将访问这个方法的地址设置为love.dopublic  ModelAndView add(User user){//使用对象的方式ModelAndView mdv=new ModelAndView("qiuqiu");//最终要返回数据的目标jspSystem.out.println("获得数据");System.out.println(user);userdao.addUser(user);return mdv;}@RequestMapping(value="/love1.do",method=RequestMethod.POST)public  ModelAndView query(User user){//查询的方法，   Map<String,Object> data = new HashMap<String,Object>();   user= userdao.getUser("1");     data.put("user",user);return new ModelAndView("qiuqiu2",data) ;}}

此处为控制器，主要是与前端进行交互，一开始没有搞懂其他的首先做的是弄通mvc,类里面只有如下的一个简单方法没有User等实体类，方法很简单纯粹用于测试的：

@RequestMapping(value="/love0.do",method=RequestMethod.POST)public  String Test(<span style="font-family: Consolas, 'Courier New', Courier, mono, serif; line-height: 18px;">String name</span><span style="white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: Consolas, 'Courier New', Courier, mono, serif; line-height: 18px;">,String age,Model model</span><span style="white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: Arial, Helvetica, sans-serif;"> ){//查询的方法，</span><pre name="code" class="java" style="font-size: 14px; line-height: 26.25px;"><span style="font-family: Consolas, 'Courier New', Courier, mono, serif; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">    model.addAttribute(</span><span class="string" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: blue; font-family: Consolas, 'Courier New', Courier, mono, serif; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">"name"</span><span style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; font-family: Consolas, 'Courier New', Courier, mono, serif; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">, name);  </span><span style="white-space: pre-wrap; font-family: Consolas, 'Courier New', Courier, mono, serif; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">model.addAttribute(</span><span class="string" style="white-space: pre-wrap; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; color: blue; font-family: Consolas, 'Courier New', Courier, mono, serif; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">"age"</span><span style="white-space: pre-wrap; margin: 0px; padding: 0px; border: none; font-family: Consolas, 'Courier New', Courier, mono, serif; line-height: 18px; background-color: rgb(248, 248, 248);">, age); </span>return "qiuqiu";//返回数据至qiuqiu.jsp

;}

然后写一个qiuqiu.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=utf-8"    pageEncoding="utf-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body>获取的参数是<a>${name}</a>获取的参数是<a>${age}</a></body></html>

基本到这里实现了一个简单的springmvc的框架。

然后向里面添加hibernate以及spring事务

3 配置hibernate，spring事务，基本主要就是配置一个xml文件。spring-common.jsp

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-4.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-4.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-4.0.xsd"><!-- 此xml用于连接数据库设置事务等公用方式 --> <bean id="dataSource" class="org.springframework.jdbc.datasource.DriverManagerDataSource" >          <property name="driverClassName" value="com.mysql.jdbc.Driver"></property>          <property name="url" value="jdbc:mysql://localhost/test"></property>          <property name="username" value="root"></property>          <property name="password" value="root"></property>      </bean>            <!-- 配置SessionFactory -->      <bean id="sessionFactory" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.LocalSessionFactoryBean">          <property name="dataSource" ref="dataSource" />          <property name="hibernateProperties">              <props>                  <prop key="hibernate.dialect">org.hibernate.dialect.MySQLDialect</prop>                  <prop key="hibernate.hbm2ddl.auto">update</prop>                  <prop key="hibernate.show_sql">true</prop>                  <prop key="hibernate.format_sql">true</prop>              </props>          </property>          <!--注解的实体  -->        <property name="annotatedClasses">              <list>                  <value>com.gaoyajun.spring.entity.User</value>              </list>          </property>      </bean>      <!-- 配置一个事务管理器 -->      <bean id="transactionManager" class="org.springframework.orm.hibernate4.HibernateTransactionManager">          <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"/>      </bean>            <!-- 配置事务，使用代理的方式 -->      <bean id="transactionProxy" class="org.springframework.transaction.interceptor.TransactionProxyFactoryBean" abstract="true">             <!-- 为事务代理工厂Bean注入事务管理器 -->        <property name="transactionManager" ref="transactionManager"></property>             <property name="target" ref="userDao" />        <property name="transactionAttributes">                <props>                   <prop key="*">PROPAGATION_REQUIRED </prop>               </props>            </property>        </bean>       <bean id="userDaoBase" class="com.gaoyajun.spring.dao.impl.UserDaoImpl">          <property name="sessionFactory" ref="sessionFactory"></property>      </bean><!--注意这里的userDao,在上面transactionManager的target的指向其实是这个bean,这个是spring的事务的配置，为bean添加同一的事务管理--> <bean id="userDao" parent="transactionProxy">    <property name="target" ref="userDaoBase" />    </bean>   </beans>

然后再配置完成后开始做简单的数据库的交互

第一步，添加用户，先写一个用户表的实体user.java

package com.gaoyajun.spring.entity;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.Table;import org.hibernate.annotations.GenericGenerator;@Entity  @Table(name="T_USER")  public class User {  @Id    @GeneratedValue(generator="system-uuid")    @GenericGenerator(name = "system-uuid",strategy="uuid")     @Column(length=32) private String id;  @Column(length=32)  private String name;  @Column(length=32)  private String age;public String getId() {return id;}public void setId(String id) {this.id = id;}public String getName() {return name;}public void setName(String name) {this.name = name;}public String getAge() {return age;}public void setAge(String age) {this.age = age;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return "User [id=" + id + ", name=" + name + ", age=" + age + "]";}}

然后再写用户类的操作的类

UserDao,以及实现类UserDaoImpl,

package com.gaoyajun.spring.dao;import com.gaoyajun.spring.entity.User;public interface  UserDao {public User getUser(String id);public boolean updateUser(User user);  public void addUser(User user);}

package com.gaoyajun.spring.dao.impl;import org.hibernate.Query;import org.hibernate.SessionFactory;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import com.gaoyajun.spring.dao.UserDao;import com.gaoyajun.spring.entity.User;public class UserDaoImpl implements UserDao {   private SessionFactory sessionFactory;         public void setSessionFactory(SessionFactory sessionFactory) {          this.sessionFactory = sessionFactory;      }  @Overridepublic User getUser(String id) {   String hql = "from User u where u.id=?";          Query query = sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().createQuery(hql);          query.setString(0, id);          return (User)query.uniqueResult();  }@Overridepublic boolean updateUser(User user) { sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);  return false;}@Overridepublic void addUser(User user) { sessionFactory.getCurrentSession().save(user);  }}

然后再看前端

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"    pageEncoding="ISO-8859-1"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=ISO-8859-1"><title>Insert title here</title></head><body><form action="love.do" method="post"><input value="李四" name="name"><input  value="二十" name="age"><input type="submit" value="提交"></form></body></html>

流程为工程启动，进入index.jsp。点击提交，进入love.do，然后在userDao里保存数据至数据库。