C/C++ Windows API——获取系统指定目录

来源：互联网发布：外交部霸气发言知乎编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/16 07:26
函数头文件作用 GetModuleFileName <windows.h> 获取当前进程已加载模块的文件的完整路径 GetCurrentDirectory <windows.h> 获取当前目录 GetSystemDirectory <windows.h> 获取System32目录 SHGetSpecialFolderPath <ShlObj.h> 获取指定的系统路径
运行环境 WIn10 x64 —— VS2015
// WindowApiDemo.cpp : 定义控制台应用程序的入口点。//#include "stdafx.h"#include <locale.h> //setlocale#include <stdio.h>  //wprintf, printf#include <windows.h>//GetModuleFileName, GetCurrentDirectory, GetWindowsDirectory, GetSystemDirectory#include <ShlObj.h> //SHGetSpecialFolderPathint main(){    //用来配置地域的信息，设置当前程序使用的本地化信息。    setlocale(LC_ALL, "chs");    TCHAR szPath[MAX_PATH];    DWORD ret;    /*    获取当前进程已加载模块的文件的完整路径，该模块必须由当前进程加载。    DWORD GetModuleFileName (    HMODULE hModule,    //handle to module    LPTSTR lpFilename,  //file name of module    DWORD nSize         //size of buffer    )    return Long，如执行成功，返回复制到lpFileName的实际字符数量；零表示失败。使用GetLastError可以打印错误信息。    */    ret = GetModuleFileName(NULL, szPath, MAX_PATH);    if (!ret) {        printf("GetModuleFileName fail (%d)\n", GetLastError());        return FALSE;    }    wprintf(L"GetModuleFileName -> %s\n", szPath);    //GetModuleFileName -> C:\Users\chenjia2014\Desktop\temp\vc\ConsoleApplication1\Debug\ConsoleApplication1.exe    /*    在一个缓冲区中装载当前目录    DWORD GetCurrentDirectory (    DWORD nBufferLength,    //sizeof directory buffer    LPTSTR lpBuffer         //directory buffer    );    return Long，装载到lpBuffer的字节数。如nBufferLength的长度不够，不足以容纳目录，则返回值是必要的缓冲区长度（要求至少这个长度），其中包括空中止字符。零表示失败。会设置GetLastError    */    ret = GetCurrentDirectory(MAX_PATH, szPath);    if (!ret) {        printf("GetCurrentDirectory fail (%ld)\n", GetLastError());        return FALSE;    }    wprintf(L"GetCurrentDirectory -> %s\n", szPath);    //GetCurrentDirectory -> C:\Users\chenjia2014\Desktop\temp\vc\ConsoleApplication1\ConsoleApplication1    /*    获取Windows目录的完整路径名    UINT WINAPI GetSystemDirectory (    __out LPTSTR lpBuffer,  //buffer for windows directory    __in UINT uSize         //size of directory buffer    );    return Long类型，复制到lpBuffer的一个字串的长度。如lpBuffer不够大，不能容下整个字串，就会返回lpBuffer要求的长度，零表示失败。并且将出错的信息存储在GetLastError函数中，用户可以通过调用GetLastError来得到错误信息。    */    ret = GetWindowsDirectory(szPath, MAX_PATH);    if (!ret) {        printf("GetWindowsDirectory fail (%ld)\n", GetLastError());        return FALSE;    }    wprintf(L"GetWindowsDirectory -> %s\n", szPath);    //GetWindowsDirectory -> C:\Windows    /*    获取Windows目录名    UINT WINAPI GetSystemDirectory (    __out LPTSTR lpBuffer,  //buffer for system directory    __in UINT uSize         //size of directory buffer    );    return Long类型，复制到lpBuffer的一个字串的长度。如lpBuffer不够大，不能容下整个字串，就会返回lpBuffer要求的长度，零表示失败。并且将出错的信息存储在GetLastError函数中，用户可以通过调用GetLastError来得到错误信息。    */    ret = GetSystemDirectory(szPath, MAX_PATH);    if (!ret) {        printf("GetSystemDirectory fail (%ld)\n", GetLastError());        return FALSE;    }    wprintf(L"GetSystemDirectory -> %s\n", szPath);    //GetSystemDirectory -> C:\Windows\system32    /*    获取指定的系统路径    BOOL SHGetSpecialFolderPath (    HWND hwndOwner, //A handle to the owner window that the client should specify if it displays    LPTSTR lpszPath,    int nFolder,    //A CSIDL that identifies the folder of interest.    BOOL fCreate    //Indicates whether the folder should be created if it does not already exist.    );    #define CSIDL_DESKTOP                   0x0000        // <desktop>    #define CSIDL_INTERNET                  0x0001        // Internet Explorer (icon on desktop)    #define CSIDL_PROGRAMS                  0x0002        // Start Menu\Programs    #define CSIDL_CONTROLS                  0x0003        // My Computer\Control Panel    #define CSIDL_PRINTERS                  0x0004        // My Computer\Printers    #define CSIDL_PERSONAL                  0x0005        // My Documents    #define CSIDL_FAVORITES                 0x0006        // <user name>\Favorites    #define CSIDL_STARTUP                   0x0007        // Start Menu\Programs\Startup    #define CSIDL_RECENT                    0x0008        // <user name>\Recent    #define CSIDL_SENDTO                    0x0009        // <user name>\SendTo    #define CSIDL_BITBUCKET                 0x000a        // <desktop>\Recycle Bin    #define CSIDL_STARTMENU                 0x000b        // <user name>\Start Menu    #define CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS               CSIDL_PERSONAL //  Personal was just a silly name for My Documents    #define CSIDL_MYMUSIC                   0x000d        // "My Music" folder    #define CSIDL_MYVIDEO                   0x000e        // "My Videos" folder    #define CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY          0x0010        // <user name>\Desktop    #define CSIDL_DRIVES                    0x0011        // My Computer    #define CSIDL_NETWORK                   0x0012        // Network Neighborhood (My Network Places)    #define CSIDL_NETHOOD                   0x0013        // <user name>\nethood    #define CSIDL_FONTS                     0x0014        // windows\fonts    #define CSIDL_TEMPLATES                 0x0015    #define CSIDL_COMMON_STARTMENU          0x0016        // All Users\Start Menu    #define CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS           0X0017        // All Users\Start Menu\Programs    #define CSIDL_COMMON_STARTUP            0x0018        // All Users\Startup    #define CSIDL_COMMON_DESKTOPDIRECTORY   0x0019        // All Users\Desktop    #define CSIDL_APPDATA                   0x001a        // <user name>\Application Data    #define CSIDL_PRINTHOOD                 0x001b        // <user name>\PrintHood    #ifndef CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA    #define CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA             0x001c        // <user name>\Local Settings\Applicaiton Data (non roaming)    #endif // CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA    #define CSIDL_ALTSTARTUP                0x001d        // non localized startup    #define CSIDL_COMMON_ALTSTARTUP         0x001e        // non localized common startup    #define CSIDL_COMMON_FAVORITES          0x001f    #ifndef _SHFOLDER_H_    #define CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE            0x0020    #define CSIDL_COOKIES                   0x0021    #define CSIDL_HISTORY                   0x0022    #define CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA            0x0023        // All Users\Application Data    #define CSIDL_WINDOWS                   0x0024        // GetWindowsDirectory()    #define CSIDL_SYSTEM                    0x0025        // GetSystemDirectory()    #define CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES             0x0026        // C:\Program Files    #define CSIDL_MYPICTURES                0x0027        // C:\Program Files\My Pictures    #endif // _SHFOLDER_H_    #define CSIDL_PROFILE                   0x0028        // USERPROFILE    #define CSIDL_SYSTEMX86                 0x0029        // x86 system directory on RISC    #define CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILESX86          0x002a        // x86 C:\Program Files on RISC    #ifndef _SHFOLDER_H_    #define CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMON      0x002b        // C:\Program Files\Common    #endif // _SHFOLDER_H_    #define CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMONX86   0x002c        // x86 Program Files\Common on RISC    #define CSIDL_COMMON_TEMPLATES          0x002d        // All Users\Templates    #ifndef _SHFOLDER_H_    #define CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS          0x002e        // All Users\Documents    #define CSIDL_COMMON_ADMINTOOLS         0x002f        // All Users\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools    #define CSIDL_ADMINTOOLS                0x0030        // <user name>\Start Menu\Programs\Administrative Tools    #endif // _SHFOLDER_H_    #define CSIDL_CONNECTIONS               0x0031        // Network and Dial-up Connections    #define CSIDL_COMMON_MUSIC              0x0035        // All Users\My Music    #define CSIDL_COMMON_PICTURES           0x0036        // All Users\My Pictures    #define CSIDL_COMMON_VIDEO              0x0037        // All Users\My Video    #define CSIDL_RESOURCES                 0x0038        // Resource Direcotry    #ifndef _SHFOLDER_H_    #define CSIDL_RESOURCES_LOCALIZED       0x0039        // Localized Resource Direcotry    #endif // _SHFOLDER_H_    #define CSIDL_COMMON_OEM_LINKS          0x003a        // Links to All Users OEM specific apps    #define CSIDL_CDBURN_AREA               0x003b        // USERPROFILE\Local Settings\Application Data\Microsoft\CD Burning    // unused                               0x003c    #define CSIDL_COMPUTERSNEARME           0x003d        // Computers Near Me (computered from Workgroup membership)    */    int CSIDLs[] = {        CSIDL_DESKTOP,        CSIDL_INTERNET,        CSIDL_PROGRAMS,        CSIDL_CONTROLS,        CSIDL_PRINTERS,        CSIDL_PERSONAL,        CSIDL_FAVORITES,        CSIDL_STARTUP,        CSIDL_RECENT,        CSIDL_SENDTO,        CSIDL_BITBUCKET,        CSIDL_STARTMENU,        CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS,        CSIDL_MYMUSIC,        CSIDL_MYVIDEO,        CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY,        CSIDL_DRIVES,        CSIDL_NETWORK,        CSIDL_NETHOOD,        CSIDL_FONTS,        CSIDL_TEMPLATES,        CSIDL_COMMON_STARTMENU,        CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS,        CSIDL_COMMON_STARTUP,        CSIDL_COMMON_DESKTOPDIRECTORY,        CSIDL_APPDATA,        CSIDL_PRINTHOOD,        CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA,        CSIDL_ALTSTARTUP,        CSIDL_COMMON_ALTSTARTUP,        CSIDL_COMMON_FAVORITES,        CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE,        CSIDL_COOKIES,        CSIDL_HISTORY,        CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA,        CSIDL_WINDOWS,        CSIDL_SYSTEM,        CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES,        CSIDL_MYPICTURES,        CSIDL_PROFILE,        CSIDL_SYSTEMX86,        CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILESX86,        CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMON,        CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMONX86,        CSIDL_COMMON_TEMPLATES,        CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS,        CSIDL_COMMON_ADMINTOOLS,        CSIDL_ADMINTOOLS,        CSIDL_CONNECTIONS,        CSIDL_COMMON_MUSIC,        CSIDL_COMMON_PICTURES,        CSIDL_COMMON_VIDEO,        CSIDL_RESOURCES,        CSIDL_RESOURCES_LOCALIZED,        CSIDL_COMMON_OEM_LINKS,        CSIDL_CDBURN_AREA,        CSIDL_COMPUTERSNEARME,    };    char *szCSIDLs[] = {        "CSIDL_DESKTOP",        "CSIDL_INTERNET",        "CSIDL_PROGRAMS",        "CSIDL_CONTROLS",        "CSIDL_PRINTERS",        "CSIDL_PERSONAL",        "CSIDL_FAVORITES",        "CSIDL_STARTUP",        "CSIDL_RECENT",        "CSIDL_SENDTO",        "CSIDL_BITBUCKET",        "CSIDL_STARTMENU",        "CSIDL_MYDOCUMENTS",        "CSIDL_MYMUSIC",        "CSIDL_MYVIDEO",        "CSIDL_DESKTOPDIRECTORY",        "CSIDL_DRIVES",        "CSIDL_NETWORK",        "CSIDL_NETHOOD",        "CSIDL_FONTS",        "CSIDL_TEMPLATES",        "CSIDL_COMMON_STARTMENU",        "CSIDL_COMMON_PROGRAMS",        "CSIDL_COMMON_STARTUP",        "CSIDL_COMMON_DESKTOPDIRECTORY",        "CSIDL_APPDATA",        "CSIDL_PRINTHOOD",        "CSIDL_LOCAL_APPDATA",        "CSIDL_ALTSTARTUP",        "CSIDL_COMMON_ALTSTARTUP",        "CSIDL_COMMON_FAVORITES",        "CSIDL_INTERNET_CACHE",        "CSIDL_COOKIES",        "CSIDL_HISTORY",        "CSIDL_COMMON_APPDATA",        "CSIDL_WINDOWS",        "CSIDL_SYSTEM",        "CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES",        "CSIDL_MYPICTURES",        "CSIDL_PROFILE",        "CSIDL_SYSTEMX86",        "CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILESX86",        "CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMON",        "CSIDL_PROGRAM_FILES_COMMONX86",        "CSIDL_COMMON_TEMPLATES",        "CSIDL_COMMON_DOCUMENTS",        "CSIDL_COMMON_ADMINTOOLS",        "CSIDL_ADMINTOOLS",        "CSIDL_CONNECTIONS",        "CSIDL_COMMON_MUSIC",        "CSIDL_COMMON_PICTURES",        "CSIDL_COMMON_VIDEO",        "CSIDL_RESOURCES",        "CSIDL_RESOURCES_LOCALIZED",        "CSIDL_COMMON_OEM_LINKS",        "CSIDL_CDBURN_AREA",        "CSIDL_COMPUTERSNEARME",    };    for (int i = 0; i < sizeof(CSIDLs) / sizeof(CSIDLs[0]); i++) {        BOOL bRet = SHGetSpecialFolderPath(NULL, szPath, CSIDLs[i], FALSE);        if (!bRet) {            printf("SHGetSpecialFolderPath %02d. %02d %s fail (%ld) \n", i, CSIDLs[i], szCSIDLs[i], GetLastError());            //(1008)-试图引用不存在的令牌        }        else {            printf("SHGetSpecialFolderPath %02d. %02d %s -> %ls \n", i, CSIDLs[i], szCSIDLs[i], szPath);        }    }    system("pause");    return TRUE;}
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