[入门-8] 错误处理之异常

常见异常Error

• NameError
• ZeroDivisionError
• SyntaxError(唯一非运行时错误)
• IndexError
• KeyError
• IOErrpr
• OSError
• AttributeError
• ValueError
• TypeError

两个不是由错误引起的异常Error：

• SystemExit python程序需要退出
• KeyboardInterupt ctrl+C

异常类

• BaseExceptiom
  
  • KeyboardInterrupt
  • SystemExit
  • Exception
    
    • all other current build-in exceptions

try:    passexcept ValueError, reason:    print "%s" %str(reason)except TypeError, reason:    print "%s" %str(reason)except (IndexError, KeyError), reason:    print "%s" %str(reason)except Exception, reason:  #捕获所有异常， 不推荐使用空的except语句    print "%s" %str(reason)else:  #try 中没有异常的时候会执行else    print "No exceptions in try block"finally:  #无论如何都会执行到的代码，既是否有异常出现，都会执行    pass

触发异常

raise SomeException, args, tracebackraise exclass, args, tbraise exclass()raise exclass, instanceraise string, args, tb

断言

#assert = raise if not ...#AssertError，断言引发的异常asssert expression, argumentsassert 1==1try:    passexcept AssertionError, args:    print '%s, %s' %(args.__class__.__name__, args)       

sys模块

try:    passexception:    import sys    exc_tuple = sys.exc_info()print exc_tuplefor item in exc_tuple:    print item#(exc_type, exc_value, exc_traceback) = sys.exc_info()#异常类，类实例，追踪记录对象

Reference

Python核心编程