Android OpenGL10 基本图形绘制 <3>

原文地址：http://blog.csdn.net/qq_31726827/article/details/51308580

下面程序的opengl的图形是根据Opengl1.0版本API进行的.

<a> : 首先绘制点:

<1> : 新建一个Android studio工程,这个工程参考前一篇坐标系的.工程名:PumpKinBasicGL10,主类如下:

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10;  
2.   
3. import android.app.Activity;  
4. import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;  
5. import android.os.Bundle;  
6.   
7. import org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.PumpKinRenderer;  
8. import org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.dot.PumpkinDotRenderer;  
9. import org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.line.PumpKinLineRenderer;  
10. import org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.triangle.PumpKinTriangleRenderer;  
11. import org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw3d.cube.PumpKinCubeRenderer;  
12. import org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw3d.shapes.PumpKinPyramidRenderer;  
13.   
14. public class MainActivity extends Activity {  
15.   
16.     private GLSurfaceView mSurfaceView;  
17.     @Override  
18.     protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {  
19.         super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);  
20.   
21.         mSurfaceView=new GLSurfaceView(this);  
22.         mSurfaceView.setRenderer(/*new PumpKinRenderer()*/new PumpkinDotRenderer()/*new PumpKinLineRenderer(this)*//*new PumpKinTriangleRenderer()*//*new PumpKinPyramidRenderer()*//*new PumpKinCubeRenderer()*/);  
23.         setContentView(mSurfaceView/*R.layout.activity_main*/);  
24.     }  
25.   
26.     @Override  
27.     protected void onResume() {  
28.         super.onResume();  
29.         mSurfaceView.onResume();  
30.     }  
31.   
32.     @Override  
33.     protected void onPause() {  
34.         super.onPause();  
35.         mSurfaceView.onPause();  
36.     }  
37. }  

<2> : 画点类程序如下:

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.dot;  
2.   
3. import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
4. import java.nio.ByteOrder;  
5. import java.nio.FloatBuffer;  
6.   
7. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
8.   
9. /**  
10.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/26.  
11.  */  
12. public class PumpKinDot {  
13.   
14.     private FloatBuffer vertexsBuffer;  
15.   
16.     private FloatBuffer colorsBuffer;  
17.   
18.     //x,y,z  
19.     private float[] vertexs=new float[]{  
20.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
21.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,  
22.             -1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
23.             0.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,  
24.             0.5f,0.0f,0.0f,  
25.             0.0f,0.5f,0.0f,  
26.             -0.5f,0.0f,0.0f,  
27.             0.0f,-0.5f,0.0f,  
28.             0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
29.             0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
30.             0.0f,0.0f,-1.0f,  
31.             0.0f,0.0f,0.5f,  
32.             0.0f,0.0f,-0.5f,  
33.             0.0f,0.0f,0.0f  
34.   
35.     };  
36.   
37.     //r,g,b,a  
38.     private float[] colors={  
39.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
40.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
41.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
42.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
43.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
44.             1.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
45.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
46.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
47.             1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,  
48.             1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,  
49.             1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,  
50.             1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,  
51.             1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,  
52.             1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f,  
53.     };  
54.   
55.     public PumpKinDot(){  
56.   
57.         ByteBuffer vbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertexs.length*4);  
58.         vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
59.         vertexsBuffer=vbb.asFloatBuffer();  
60.         vertexsBuffer.put(vertexs);  
61.         vertexsBuffer.position(0);  
62.   
63.         ByteBuffer cbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(colors.length*4);  
64.         cbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
65.         colorsBuffer=cbb.asFloatBuffer();  
66.         colorsBuffer.put(colors);  
67.         colorsBuffer.position(0);  
68.   
69.     }  
70.   
71.     public void draw(GL10 gl){  
72.   
73.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
74.         gl.glVertexPointer(3,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,vertexsBuffer);  
75.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
76.         gl.glColorPointer(4,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,colorsBuffer);  
77.         gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_POINTS,0,vertexs.length/3);  
78.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
79.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
80.   
81.     }  
82.   
83. }  

上面程序主要是注意

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1. gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_POINTS,0,vertexs.length/3);  

第一个参数为设置绘制图形类型.第一篇博客已有说明.

程序在x,y,z轴上面绘制画出多个点.

渲染的类:

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.dot;  
2.   
3. import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;  
4. import android.opengl.GLU;  
5.   
6. import org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.PumpKin;  
7.   
8. import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;  
9. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
10.   
11. /**  
12.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/26.  
13.  */  
14. public class PumpkinDotRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {  
15.   
16.     private PumpKinDot pumpKinDot;  
17.     private PumpKin pumpKin;  
18.   
19.     public PumpkinDotRenderer() {  
20.   
21.         pumpKinDot = new PumpKinDot();  
22.         pumpKin=new PumpKin();  
23.     }  
24.   
25.     @Override  
26.     public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {  
27.   
28.         gl.glClearColor(0.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f);  
29.         gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);  
30.         gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);  
31.         gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);  
32.         gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT, GL10.GL_NICEST);  
33.         gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);  
34.         gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER);  
35.   
36.     }  
37.   
38.     @Override  
39.     public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {  
40.   
41.         if (height == 0) {  
42.             height = 1;  
43.         }  
44.         float aspect = (float) width / height;  
45.   
46.         gl.glViewport(0, 0, width, height);  
47.   
48.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);  
49.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
50.         GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45, aspect, 0.1f, 100.0f);  
51.   
52.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);  
53.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
54.   
55.     }  
56.   
57.     @Override  
58.     public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {  
59.   
60.         gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT | GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);  
61.   
62.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
63.         gl.glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -6.0f);  
64.         gl.glRotatef(45,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);  
65.         //pumpKin.draw(gl);  
66.         pumpKinDot.draw(gl);  
67.   
68.   
69.     }  
70. }  

上面对于的坐标线:

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1. //pumpKin.draw(gl);  

被注释了,这个绘制的坐标线不是必须的,只是让人可以更好定位三维空间位置,能够看得见.

运行结果:

如果将坐标系直线显示出来:

上面的在程序中,做了坐标变换:对坐标做了旋转变换.

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1. gl.glRotatef(45,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);  

坐标线条程序和前一篇一模一样:

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d;  
2.   
3. import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
4. import java.nio.ByteOrder;  
5. import java.nio.FloatBuffer;  
6.   
7. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
8.   
9. /**  
10.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/28.  
11.  */  
12. public class PumpKin {  
13.   
14.     private FloatBuffer vertexsBuffer;  
15.     private FloatBuffer colorsBuffer;  
16.   
17.     private ByteBuffer indicesBuffer;  
18.   
19.     private float vertexs[]={  
20.             -3.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
21.             3.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
22.             0.0f,-3.0f,0.0f,  
23.             0.0f,3.0f,0.0f,  
24.             0.0f,0.0f,-3.0f,  
25.             0.0f,0.0f,3.0f  
26.     };  
27.   
28.     private float colors[]={  
29.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
30.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
31.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
32.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
33.             0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,1.0f,  
34.             0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,1.0f  
35.     };  
36.   
37.     private byte indices[]={0,1,2};  
38.   
39.     public PumpKin(){  
40.   
41.         ByteBuffer vbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertexs.length*4);  
42.         vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
43.         vertexsBuffer=vbb.asFloatBuffer();  
44.         vertexsBuffer.put(vertexs);  
45.         vertexsBuffer.position(0);  
46.   
47.         ByteBuffer cbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(colors.length*4);  
48.         cbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
49.         colorsBuffer=cbb.asFloatBuffer();  
50.         colorsBuffer.put(colors);  
51.         colorsBuffer.position(0);  
52.   
53.     }  
54.   
55.     public void draw(GL10 gl){  
56.   
57.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
58.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
59.   
60.         gl.glVertexPointer(3,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,vertexsBuffer);  
61.         gl.glColorPointer(4,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,colorsBuffer);  
62.   
63.         gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_LINES,0,vertexs.length/3);  
64.   
65.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
66.   
67.     }  
68.   
69. }  

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d;  
2.   
3. import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;  
4. import android.opengl.GLU;  
5.   
6. import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;  
7. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
8.   
9. /**  
10.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/28.  
11.  */  
12. public class PumpKinRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {  
13.   
14.     private PumpKin pumpKin;  
15.   
16.     public PumpKinRenderer(){  
17.         pumpKin=new PumpKin();  
18.     }  
19.     @Override  
20.     public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {  
21.   
22.         gl.glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);  
23.         gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);  
24.         gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);  
25.         gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);  
26.         gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,GL10.GL_NICEST);  
27.         gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);  
28.         gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER);  
29.   
30.     }  
31.   
32.     @Override  
33.     public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {  
34.   
35.         if(height==0){  
36.             height=1;  
37.         }  
38.         float aspect=(float)width/height;  
39.   
40.         gl.glViewport(0,0,width,height);  
41.   
42.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);  
43.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
44.         GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45, aspect, 0.1f, 100.0f);  
45.   
46.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);  
47.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
48.   
49.     }  
50.   
51.     @Override  
52.     public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {  
53.   
54.         gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);  
55.   
56.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
57.         gl.glTranslatef(0.0f,0.0f,-2f);  
58.         gl.glRotatef(45,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);  
59.         pumpKin.draw(gl);  
60.   
61.     }  
62. }  

上面即是绘制点.

<b> : 下面介绍绘制直线,其实绘制直线前面已经有了,比如绘制坐标直线.只需要在上面工程添加绘制line的类和渲染类

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.line;  
2.   
3. import android.util.Log;  
4.   
5. import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
6. import java.nio.ByteOrder;  
7. import java.nio.FloatBuffer;  
8.   
9. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
10.   
11. /**  
12.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/26.  
13.  */  
14. public class PumpKinLine {  
15.   
16.     private FloatBuffer vertexsBuffer;  
17.     private FloatBuffer colorsBuffer;  
18.     private ByteBuffer indicesBuffer;  
19.   
20.     private float[] vertexss={  
21.             -1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,  
22.             1.0f,-1.0f,0.0f,  
23.             -1.0f,1.0f,0.0f,  
24.             1.0f,1.0f,0.0f  
25.     };  
26.     //x,y,z  
27.     private float[] vertexs={  
28.             0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
29.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
30.             0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
31.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f  
32.     };  
33.     //r,g,b,a  
34.     private float[] colors={  
35.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
36.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
37.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
38.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f  
39.     };  
40.   
41.     private byte[] indices={  
42.             0,1,2  
43.     };  
44.   
45.     public PumpKinLine(){  
46.   
47.         ByteBuffer vbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertexs.length*4);  
48.         vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
49.         vertexsBuffer=vbb.asFloatBuffer();  
50.         vertexsBuffer.put(vertexs);  
51.         vertexsBuffer.position(0);  
52.   
53.   
54.         ByteBuffer cbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(colors.length*4);  
55.         cbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
56.         colorsBuffer=cbb.asFloatBuffer();  
57.         colorsBuffer.put(colors);  
58.         colorsBuffer.position(0);  
59.   
60.         indicesBuffer=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indices.length);  
61.         indicesBuffer.put(indices);  
62.         indicesBuffer.position(0);  
63.   
64.     }  
65.   
66.     public void draw(GL10 gl){  
67.   
68.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
69.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
70.   
71.         gl.glVertexPointer(3,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,vertexsBuffer);  
72.         gl.glColorPointer(4,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,colorsBuffer);  
73.   
74.         gl.glColor4f(1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);  
75.         gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_LINES,0,vertexs.length/3);  
76.   
77.         //gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES,indices.length,GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,indicesBuffer);  
78.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
79.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
80.   
81.     }  
82.   
83. }  

绘制也可以通过:

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1. gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES,indices.length,GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,indicesBuffer);  

进行,只是这个方法需要提供绘制序列点indices数组.

绘制的直线的:

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1. 0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
2.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  

这两点连接的线

以及:

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1. 0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
2.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f  

这两天链接的线.

即两条线分别沿x,y正方向.

对应的渲染类如下:

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.line;  
2.   
3. import android.content.Context;  
4. import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;  
5. import android.opengl.GLU;  
6.   
7. import org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.PumpKin;  
8.   
9. import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;  
10. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
11.   
12. /**  
13.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/26.  
14.  */  
15. public class PumpKinLineRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {  
16.   
17.     private PumpKinLine pumpKinLine;  
18.     private PumpKin pumpKin;  
19.     public PumpKinLineRenderer(){  
20.   
21.         pumpKinLine=new PumpKinLine();  
22.         pumpKin=new PumpKin();  
23.   
24.     }  
25.   
26.     @Override  
27.     public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {  
28.   
29.         gl.glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);  
30.         gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);  
31.         gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);  
32.         gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);  
33.         gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,GL10.GL_NICEST);  
34.         gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);  
35.         gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER);  
36.   
37.     }  
38.   
39.     @Override  
40.     public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {  
41.   
42.         if(height==0){  
43.             height=1;  
44.         }  
45.         float aspect=(float)width/height;  
46.   
47.         gl.glViewport(0,0,width,height);  
48.   
49.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);  
50.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
51.         GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45, aspect, 0.1f, 100.0f);  
52.   
53.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);  
54.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
55.   
56.     }  
57.   
58.     @Override  
59.     public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {  
60.   
61.         gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);  
62.   
63.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
64.         //gl.glTranslatef(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f);  
65.         gl.glTranslatef(0.0f,0.0f,-0.1f);  
66.         //gl.glTranslatef(-3.0f,0.0f,-6.0f);  
67.         //gl.glTranslatef(3.0f,0.0f,1.0f);  
68. //        pumpKin.draw(gl);  
69.         pumpKinLine.draw(gl);  
70.   
71.   
72.     }  
73.   
74. }  

如果想显示当前的坐标线,可以将

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1. //        pumpKin.draw(gl);  

去掉注释.

<c> : 绘制多边形:代码如下

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.triangle;  
2.   
3. import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
4. import java.nio.ByteOrder;  
5. import java.nio.FloatBuffer;  
6.   
7. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
8.   
9. /**  
10.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/27.  
11.  */  
12. public class PumpKinTriangle {  
13.   
14.     private FloatBuffer vertexsBuffer;  
15.     private FloatBuffer vertexsaBuffer;  
16.     private FloatBuffer colorsBuffer;  
17.     private FloatBuffer colorsaBuffer;  
18.   
19.     private ByteBuffer indicesBuffer;  
20.     private ByteBuffer indicesaBuffer;  
21.   
22.     //x,y,z  
23.     private float[] vertexs={  
24.         1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
25.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,  
26.                 0.0f,0.0f,1.0f  
27.     };  
28.   
29.     private float[] vertexsa={  
30.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,  
31.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,  
32.             0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
33.             1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
34.             0.5f,1.0f,0.0f,  
35.             0.5f,1.0f,1.0f  
36.     };  
37.   
38.     //r,g,b,a  
39.     private float[] colors={  
40.         1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
41.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
42.             0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,1.0f  
43.     };  
44.   
45.     private float[] colorsa={  
46.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
47.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
48.             0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,1.0f,  
49.             1.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
50.             0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f,  
51.             0.0f,0.0f,1.0f,1.0f  
52.     };  
53.   
54.     private byte[] indices={0,1,2};  
55.   
56.     private byte[] indicesa={0,1,2,3,4,5};  
57.   
58.   
59.     public PumpKinTriangle(){  
60.   
61.         ByteBuffer vbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertexs.length*4);  
62.         vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
63.         vertexsBuffer=vbb.asFloatBuffer();  
64.         vertexsBuffer.put(vertexs);  
65.         vertexsBuffer.position(0);  
66.   
67.         ByteBuffer vbba=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertexsa.length*4);  
68.         vbba.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
69.         vertexsaBuffer=vbba.asFloatBuffer();  
70.         vertexsaBuffer.put(vertexsa);  
71.         vertexsaBuffer.position(0);  
72.   
73.         ByteBuffer cbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(colors.length*4);  
74.         cbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
75.         colorsBuffer=cbb.asFloatBuffer();  
76.         colorsBuffer.put(colors);  
77.         colorsBuffer.position(0);  
78.   
79.         ByteBuffer cbba=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(colorsa.length*4);  
80.         cbba.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
81.         colorsaBuffer=cbba.asFloatBuffer();  
82.         colorsaBuffer.put(colorsa);  
83.         colorsaBuffer.position(0);  
84.   
85.         indicesBuffer=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indices.length);  
86.         indicesBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
87.         indicesBuffer.put(indices);  
88.         indicesBuffer.position(0);  
89.   
90.         indicesaBuffer=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indicesa.length);  
91.         indicesaBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
92.         indicesaBuffer.put(indicesa);  
93.         indicesaBuffer.position(0);  
94.   
95.     }  
96.   
97.     // type :GL10.GL_TRIANGLES  
98.     public void draw(GL10 gl){  
99.   
100.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
101.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
102.   
103.         gl.glVertexPointer(3,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,vertexsBuffer);  
104.         gl.glColorPointer(4,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,colorsBuffer);  
105.   
106.         gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES,0,vertexs.length/3);  
107.   
108.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
109.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
110.   
111.     }  
112.   
113.     public void drawE(GL10 gl){  
114.   
115.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
116.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
117.   
118.         gl.glVertexPointer(3,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,vertexsBuffer);  
119.         gl.glColorPointer(4,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,colorsBuffer);  
120.         gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES,indices.length,GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,indicesBuffer);  
121.   
122.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
123.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
124.   
125.     }  
126.   
127.     public void drawNc(GL10 gl){  
128.   
129.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
130.   
131.         gl.glColor4f(0.0f,1.0f,0.0f,1.0f);  
132.         gl.glVertexPointer(3,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,vertexsBuffer);  
133.   
134.         gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_TRIANGLES,0,vertexs.length/3);  
135.   
136.     }  
137.   
138.     //type : GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP  
139.     public void draw1(GL10 gl){  
140.   
141.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
142.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
143.   
144.         gl.glVertexPointer(3,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,vertexsaBuffer);  
145.         gl.glColorPointer(4,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,colorsaBuffer);  
146.         gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP,0,vertexsa.length/3);  
147.   
148.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
149.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
150.   
151.     }  
152.   
153.     //type : GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_FAN  
154.     public void draw1E(GL10 gl){  
155.   
156.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
157.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
158.   
159.         gl.glVertexPointer(3,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,vertexsaBuffer);  
160.         gl.glColorPointer(4,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,colorsaBuffer);  
161.   
162.         gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_FAN,indicesa.length,GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,indicesaBuffer);  
163.   
164.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
165.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
166.   
167.     }  
168.   
169. }  

程序采用了两种绘制图像的方法:

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1. gl.glDrawArrays  

和:

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1. gl.glDrawElements  

这两种绘制在前面大致说过了.

这里主要介绍这两个方法的第一个参数:分别是GL_TRIANGLES、GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP和GL_TRIANGLE_FAN

图片出处:http://blog.csdn.NET/xiajun07061225/article/details/7455283,参考具体说明:

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1. GL_TRIANGLES是以每三个顶点绘制一个三角形。第一个三角形使用顶点v0,v1,v2,第二个使用v3,v4,v5,以此类推。如果顶点的个数n不是3的倍数，那么最后的1个或者2个顶点会被忽略。  
2.   
3. GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP则稍微有点复杂。  
4. 其规律是：  
5. 构建当前三角形的顶点的连接顺序依赖于要和前面已经出现过的2个顶点组成三角形的当前顶点的序号的奇偶性（如果从0开始）：  
6. 如果当前顶点是奇数：  
7. 组成三角形的顶点排列顺序：T = [n-1 n-2 n].  
8. 如果当前顶点是偶数：  
9. 组成三角形的顶点排列顺序：T = [n-2 n-21 n].  
10. 以上图为例，第一个三角形，顶点v2序号是2，是偶数，则顶点排列顺序是v0,v1,v2。第二个三角形，顶点v3序号是3，是奇数，则顶点排列顺序是v2,v1,v3,第三个三角形，顶点v4序号是4，是偶数，则顶点排列顺序是v2,v3,v4,以此类推。  
11. 这个顺序是为了保证所有的三角形都是按照相同的方向绘制的，使这个三角形串能够正确形成表面的一部分。对于某些操作，维持方向是很重要的，比如剔除。  
12. 注意：顶点个数n至少要大于3，否则不能绘制任何三角形。  
13.   
14. GL_TRIANGLE_FAN与GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP类似，不过它的三角形的顶点排列顺序是T = [n-1 n-2 n].各三角形形成一个扇形序列  

还有一个更加具体的可以参考,非常好:

http://blog.csdn.net/gisxs/article/details/16897229

对应渲染类:

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.triangle;  
2.   
3. import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;  
4. import android.opengl.GLU;  
5.   
6. import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;  
7. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
8.   
9. /**  
10.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/27.  
11.  */  
12. public class PumpKinTriangleRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {  
13.   
14.     private PumpKinTriangle pumpKinTriangle;  
15.     public PumpKinTriangleRenderer(){  
16.   
17.         pumpKinTriangle=new PumpKinTriangle();  
18.   
19.     }  
20.   
21.     @Override  
22.     public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {  
23.   
24.         gl.glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);  
25.         gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);  
26.         gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);  
27.         gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);  
28.         gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,GL10.GL_NICEST);  
29.         gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);  
30.         gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER);  
31.   
32.     }  
33.   
34.     @Override  
35.     public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {  
36.   
37.         if(height==0){  
38.             height=1;  
39.         }  
40.         float aspect=(float)width/height;  
41.   
42.         gl.glViewport(0,0,width,height);  
43.   
44.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);  
45.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
46.         GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45, aspect, 0.1f, 100.0f);  
47.   
48.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);  
49.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
50.   
51.     }  
52.   
53.     @Override  
54.     public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {  
55.   
56.         gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);  
57.   
58.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
59.         gl.glTranslatef(0.0f,0.0f,-6.0f);  
60.   
61.         pumpKinTriangle.draw1(gl);  
62.   
63.     }  
64. }  

如果调用draw1方法,运行结果如下:

如果将渲染类中程序修改:

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1. //        pumpKinTriangle.draw1(gl);  
2.         pumpKinTriangle.draw1E(gl);  

运行结果:

上面大致介绍了基本二维图形的绘制.

下面介绍三维图形,三维图形其实和二维在程序上面没什么区别,只是需要注意z轴了,坐标方式差不多.三维图形基本也是由基本二维图形构成的.

<d> : 绘制金字塔模型:

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw3d.shapes;  
2.   
3. import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
4. import java.nio.ByteOrder;  
5. import java.nio.FloatBuffer;  
6.   
7. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
8.   
9. /**  
10.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/28.  
11.  */  
12. public class PumpKinPyramid {  
13.   
14.     private FloatBuffer vertexsBuffer;  
15.     private FloatBuffer colorsBuffer;  
16.   
17.     private ByteBuffer indicesBuffer;  
18.   
19.     // 5 vertices of the pyramid in (x,y,z)  
20.     private float[] vertexs={  
21.             -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  // 0. left-bottom-back  
22.             1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  // 1. right-bottom-back  
23.             1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  // 2. right-bottom-front  
24.             -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  // 3. left-bottom-front  
25.             0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f   // 4. top  
26.     };  
27.   
28.     // Colors of the 5 vertices in RGBA  
29.     private float[] colors={  
30.             0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,  // 0. blue  
31.             0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // 1. green  
32.             0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f,  // 2. blue  
33.             0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f,  // 3. green  
34.             1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f   // 4. red  
35.     };  
36.   
37.     private byte indices[]={  
38.             2, 4, 3,   // front face (CCW)  
39.             1, 4, 2,   // right face  
40.             0, 4, 1,   // back face  
41.             4, 0, 3    // left face  
42.     };  
43.   
44.     public PumpKinPyramid(){  
45.   
46.         ByteBuffer vbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertexs.length*4);  
47.         vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
48.         vertexsBuffer=vbb.asFloatBuffer();  
49.         vertexsBuffer.put(vertexs);  
50.         vertexsBuffer.position(0);  
51.   
52.         ByteBuffer cbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(colors.length*4);  
53.         cbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
54.         colorsBuffer=cbb.asFloatBuffer();  
55.         colorsBuffer.put(colors);  
56.         colorsBuffer.position(0);  
57.   
58.         indicesBuffer=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(indices.length);  
59.         indicesBuffer.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
60.         indicesBuffer.put(indices);  
61.         indicesBuffer.position(0);  
62.   
63.     }  
64.   
65.     public void draw(GL10 gl){  
66.   
67.         gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CCW);  
68.   
69.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
70.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
71.   
72.         gl.glColorPointer(4,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,colorsBuffer);  
73.         gl.glVertexPointer(3,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,vertexsBuffer);  
74.   
75.         gl.glDrawElements(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP,indices.length,GL10.GL_UNSIGNED_BYTE,indicesBuffer);  
76.   
77.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_COLOR_ARRAY);  
78.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
79.   
80.     }  
81.   
82.   
83. }  

其中:

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1. gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CCW);  

改程序设置:设置逆时针方向为正面.

上面的程序了vertexs顶点数组,可以很难搞清,等下在渲染器中添加坐标,然后再来对应上面的坐标点就了解了.
下面给出对应的渲染类:

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw3d.shapes;  
2.   
3. import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;  
4. import android.opengl.GLU;  
5.   
6. import org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.PumpKin;  
7.   
8. import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;  
9. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
10.   
11. /**  
12.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/28.  
13.  */  
14. public class PumpKinPyramidRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {  
15.   
16.     private PumpKinPyramid pumpKinPyramid;  
17.     private PumpKin pumpKin;  
18.   
19.     public PumpKinPyramidRenderer(){  
20.   
21.         pumpKinPyramid=new PumpKinPyramid();  
22.         pumpKin=new PumpKin();  
23.   
24.     }  
25.     @Override  
26.     public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {  
27.   
28.         gl.glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);  
29.         gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);  
30.         gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);  
31.         gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);  
32.         gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,GL10.GL_NICEST);  
33.         gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);  
34.         gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER);  
35.   
36.     }  
37.   
38.     @Override  
39.     public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {  
40.   
41.         if(height==0){  
42.             height=1;  
43.         }  
44.         float aspect=(float)width/height;  
45.   
46.         gl.glViewport(0,0,width,height);  
47.   
48.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);  
49.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
50.         GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45, aspect, 0.1f, 100.0f);  
51.   
52.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);  
53.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
54.   
55.     }  
56.   
57.     @Override  
58.     public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {  
59.   
60.         gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);  
61.   
62.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
63.         gl.glTranslatef(0.0f, 0.0f, -8.0f);  
64.         gl.glRotatef(45,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);  
65.         pumpKinPyramid.draw(gl);  
66.         pumpKin.draw(gl);  
67.   
68.     }  
69. }  

运行结果:

一个金字塔形的立体需要4个面,一共需要5个顶点,主要是要定好坐标原点,比如上面坐标原点在金字塔中心位置.比如上面对着我们的绿色角,对应的顶点坐标(-1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f),红色顶点在y轴(红线是x轴,绿色y轴,蓝色z轴)位置(0.0f,  1.0f,  0.0f),刚好绿线(y轴)结果顶点,其他的一次类推.

<e> : 下面介绍立方体,基本上都是类似做法,立方体有八个坐标,同上,原点(0,0,0)设置在立方体中心位置,程序如下:

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw3d.cube;  
2.   
3. import java.nio.ByteBuffer;  
4. import java.nio.ByteOrder;  
5. import java.nio.FloatBuffer;  
6.   
7. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
8.   
9. /**  
10.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/29.  
11.  */  
12. public class PumpKinCube {  
13.   
14.     private FloatBuffer vertexsBuffer;  
15.   
16.     private FloatBuffer lvertexsBuffer;  
17.     private FloatBuffer lcolorsBuffer;  
18.   
19.     /*  
20.     * eight vertex as following :  
21.     * V0 : -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f  
22.     * V1 : 1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f  
23.     * V2 : -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f  
24.     * V3 : -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f  
25.     * V4 : -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f  
26.     * V5 : -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f  
27.     * V6 : 1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f  
28.     * V7 : 1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f  
29.     * 三维坐标系原点在这个立方体中心  
30.     * */  
31.     private float[] vertices = {  // Vertices of the 6 faces  
32.             // FRONT  
33.             -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  // 0. left-bottom-front  
34.             1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  // 1. right-bottom-front  
35.             -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  // 2. left-top-front  
36.             1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  // 3. right-top-front  
37.             // BACK  
38.             1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  // 6. right-bottom-back  
39.             -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  // 4. left-bottom-back  
40.             1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  // 7. right-top-back  
41.             -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  // 5. left-top-back  
42.             // LEFT  
43.             -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  // 4. left-bottom-back  
44.             -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  // 0. left-bottom-front  
45.             -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  // 5. left-top-back  
46.             -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  // 2. left-top-front  
47.             // RIGHT  
48.             1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  // 1. right-bottom-front  
49.             1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  // 6. right-bottom-back  
50.             1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  // 3. right-top-front  
51.             1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  // 7. right-top-back  
52.             // TOP  
53.             -1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  // 2. left-top-front  
54.             1.0f,  1.0f,  1.0f,  // 3. right-top-front  
55.             -1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  // 5. left-top-back  
56.             1.0f,  1.0f, -1.0f,  // 7. right-top-back  
57.             // BOTTOM  
58.             -1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  // 4. left-bottom-back  
59.             1.0f, -1.0f, -1.0f,  // 6. right-bottom-back  
60.             -1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f,  // 0. left-bottom-front  
61.             1.0f, -1.0f,  1.0f   // 1. right-bottom-front  
62.     };  
63.   
64.     private float[][] colors = {  // Colors of the 6 faces  
65.             {1.0f, 0.5f, 0.0f, 1.0f},  // 0. orange  
66.             {1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f},  // 1. violet  
67.             {0.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f},  // 2. green  
68.             {0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f, 1.0f},  // 3. blue  
69.             {1.0f, 0.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f},  // 4. red  
70.             {1.0f, 1.0f, 0.0f, 1.0f}   // 5. yellow  
71.     };  
72.   
73.     public PumpKinCube(){  
74.   
75.         ByteBuffer vbb=ByteBuffer.allocateDirect(vertices.length*4);  
76.         vbb.order(ByteOrder.nativeOrder());  
77.         vertexsBuffer=vbb.asFloatBuffer();  
78.         vertexsBuffer.put(vertices);  
79.         vertexsBuffer.position(0);  
80.   
81.     }  
82.   
83.     public void draw(GL10 gl){  
84.   
85.         gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CCW);  
86.         gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);  
87.         gl.glCullFace(GL10.GL_BACK);  
88.   
89.         gl.glEnableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
90.   
91.         gl.glVertexPointer(3,GL10.GL_FLOAT,0,vertexsBuffer);  
92.   
93.         for(int i=0;i<6;i++){  
94.   
95.             gl.glColor4f(colors[i][0],colors[i][1],colors[i][2],colors[i][3]);  
96.             gl.glDrawArrays(GL10.GL_TRIANGLE_STRIP,i*4,4);  
97.   
98.         }  
99.   
100.         gl.glDisableClientState(GL10.GL_VERTEX_ARRAY);  
101.         gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);  
102.   
103.     }  
104.   
105. }  

特别说一下:

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1. gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CCW);  
2.         gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);  
3.         gl.glCullFace(GL10.GL_BACK);  

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1. gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_CULL_FACE);  

设置openggl有剔除效果，就是看不到的面就不画，当然可以增加效率

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1. gl.glCullFace(GL10.GL_BACK);  

设置背面被剔除，不画.

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1. gl.glFrontFace(GL10.GL_CCW);  

设置逆时针方向为正面

对应渲染器类:

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1. package org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw3d.cube;  
2.   
3. import android.opengl.GLSurfaceView;  
4. import android.opengl.GLU;  
5.   
6. import org.durian.pumpkinbasicgl10.draw2d.PumpKin;  
7.   
8. import javax.microedition.khronos.egl.EGLConfig;  
9. import javax.microedition.khronos.opengles.GL10;  
10.   
11. /**  
12.  * Created by Administrator on 2016/4/29.  
13.  */  
14. public class PumpKinCubeRenderer implements GLSurfaceView.Renderer {  
15.   
16.     private PumpKinCube pumpKinCube;  
17.     private PumpKin pumpKin;  
18.   
19.     private int cubeAngle=0;  
20.     private int cubeSpeech=1;  
21.   
22.     public PumpKinCubeRenderer(){  
23.         pumpKinCube=new PumpKinCube();  
24.         pumpKin=new PumpKin();  
25.     }  
26.     @Override  
27.     public void onSurfaceCreated(GL10 gl, EGLConfig config) {  
28.   
29.         gl.glClearColor(0.0f,0.0f,0.0f,1.0f);  
30.         gl.glClearDepthf(1.0f);  
31.         gl.glEnable(GL10.GL_DEPTH_TEST);  
32.         gl.glDepthFunc(GL10.GL_LEQUAL);  
33.         gl.glHint(GL10.GL_PERSPECTIVE_CORRECTION_HINT,GL10.GL_NICEST);  
34.         gl.glShadeModel(GL10.GL_SMOOTH);  
35.         gl.glDisable(GL10.GL_DITHER);  
36.   
37.     }  
38.   
39.     @Override  
40.     public void onSurfaceChanged(GL10 gl, int width, int height) {  
41.   
42.         if(height==0){  
43.             height=1;  
44.         }  
45.         float aspect=(float)width/height;  
46.   
47.         gl.glViewport(0,0,width,height);  
48.   
49.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_PROJECTION);  
50.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
51.         GLU.gluPerspective(gl, 45, aspect, 0.1f, 100.0f);  
52.   
53.         gl.glMatrixMode(GL10.GL_MODELVIEW);  
54.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
55.   
56.     }  
57.   
58.     @Override  
59.     public void onDrawFrame(GL10 gl) {  
60.   
61.         gl.glClear(GL10.GL_COLOR_BUFFER_BIT|GL10.GL_DEPTH_BUFFER_BIT);  
62.   
63.         gl.glLoadIdentity();  
64.         gl.glTranslatef(0.0f,0.0f,-6.0f);  
65.         gl.glRotatef(cubeAngle,1.0f,1.0f,1.0f);  
66.         gl.glScalef(0.8f,0.8f,0.8f);  
67.         pumpKinCube.draw(gl);  
68.         pumpKin.draw(gl);  
69.   
70.         cubeAngle+=cubeSpeech;  
71.     }  
72. }  

运行如下:

至于纹理部分将在后面单独给出来简述.