Android 6.0 运行时权限简洁封装

来源：互联网发布：机械键盘配色软件编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/04/29 16:17

参考资料如下：

Android Runtime Permissions
Android 6.0 运行时权限处理完全解析
MeloDev的Android 6.0 运行时权限简洁封装

Android 6.0 运行时权限简洁封装 https://juejin.im/entry/591525b3a22b9d0058fd3507

MeloDev的这篇文章跟我的想法不谋而合，不一样的地方是在于我加了个必要权限判断，开发中我们会发现，有些权限是必须获取到的，不然会影响到一部分的功能，如SD卡权限，当然，如果用户不允许开通此类权限，APP理论上来说还是要允许用户继续使用的，但是我们要在很多地方加入权限判断，很是麻烦，所以干脆流氓一点吧，添加一个必要权限判断，如果必要权限被拒绝了，先弹窗，告知用户去个人中心手动开启，如果不然，直接退出APP....

整个世界都清净了！！！

好了，现在来看看如何封装：

我将运行时权限封装到 BaseActivity 中，BaseActivity 继承AppCompatActivity。
注解都写得很详细了，直接上代码。

回调接口：

/** * Created by caihan on 2017/1/1. * 权限申请接口 */public interface PermissionsResultListener {    void onPermissionGranted();    void onPermissionDenied();}

BaseActivity里的权限代码：

/** * Created by caihan on 2017/1/1. */public abstract class BaseActivity extends AppCompatActivity{    private static final String TAG = "BaseActivity";    protected Context mContext;    // For Android 6.0    private PermissionsResultListener mListener;    //申请标记值    public static final int REQUEST_CODE_ASK_PERMISSIONS = 100;    //手动开启权限requestCode    public static final int SETTINGS_REQUEST_CODE = 200;    //拒绝权限后是否关闭界面或APP    private boolean mNeedFinish = false;    //界面传递过来的权限列表,用于二次申请    private ArrayList<String> mPermissionsList = new ArrayList<>();    //必要全选,如果这几个权限没通过的话,就无法使用APP    protected static final ArrayList<String> FORCE_REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS = new ArrayList<String>() {        {            add(Manifest.permission.INTERNET);            add(Manifest.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);            add(Manifest.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE);            add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_FINE_LOCATION);            add(Manifest.permission.ACCESS_COARSE_LOCATION);        }    };    @Override    protected void onNewIntent(Intent intent) {        super.onNewIntent(intent);        if (intent != null) {            setIntent(intent);            mContext = this;        }    }    @Override    protected void onCreate(@Nullable Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        //没actionbar        supportRequestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);        //取消横屏        setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_PORTRAIT);        //输入法弹出的时候不顶起布局        //如果我们不设置"adjust..."的属性，对于没有滚动控件的布局来说，采用的是adjustPan方式，        // 而对于有滚动控件的布局，则是采用的adjustResize方式。        getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_ADJUST_PAN |                WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_HIDDEN);//        getWindow().setSoftInputMode(WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_ADJUST_RESIZE |//                WindowManager.LayoutParams.SOFT_INPUT_STATE_HIDDEN);        mContext = this;    }    /**     * 权限允许或拒绝对话框     *     * @param permissions 需要申请的权限     * @param needFinish  如果必须的权限没有允许的话，是否需要finish当前 Activity     * @param callback    回调对象     */    protected void requestPermission(final ArrayList<String> permissions, final boolean needFinish,                                     final PermissionsResultListener callback) {        if (permissions == null || permissions.size() == 0) {            return;        }        mNeedFinish = needFinish;        mListener = callback;        mPermissionsList = permissions;        if (Build.VERSION.SDK_INT >= Build.VERSION_CODES.M) {            //获取未通过的权限列表            ArrayList<String> newPermissions = checkEachSelfPermission(permissions);            if (newPermissions.size() > 0) {// 是否有未通过的权限                requestEachPermissions(newPermissions.toArray(new String[newPermissions.size()]));            } else {// 权限已经都申请通过了                if (mListener != null) {                    mListener.onPermissionGranted();                }            }        } else {            if (mListener != null) {                mListener.onPermissionGranted();            }        }    }    /**     * 申请权限前判断是否需要声明     *     * @param permissions     */    private void requestEachPermissions(String[] permissions) {        if (shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(permissions)) {// 需要再次声明            showRationaleDialog(permissions);        } else {            ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(BaseActivity.this, permissions,                    REQUEST_CODE_ASK_PERMISSIONS);        }    }    /**     * 弹出声明的 Dialog     *     * @param permissions     */    private void showRationaleDialog(final String[] permissions) {        final AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);        builder.setTitle("提示")                .setMessage("为了应用可以正常使用，请您点击确认申请权限。")                .setPositiveButton("确认",                        new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                            @Override                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {                                ActivityCompat.requestPermissions(BaseActivity.this, permissions,                                        REQUEST_CODE_ASK_PERMISSIONS);                            }                        })                .setNegativeButton("取消",                        new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                            @Override                            public void onClick(DialogInterface dialog, int which) {                                dialog.dismiss();                                if (mNeedFinish) finish();                            }                        })                .setCancelable(false)                .show();    }    /**     * 检察每个权限是否申请     *     * @param permissions     * @return newPermissions.size > 0 表示有权限需要申请     */    private ArrayList<String> checkEachSelfPermission(ArrayList<String> permissions) {        ArrayList<String> newPermissions = new ArrayList<String>();        for (String permission : permissions) {            if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {                newPermissions.add(permission);            }        }        return newPermissions;    }    /**     * 再次申请权限时，是否需要声明     *     * @param permissions     * @return     */    private boolean shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(String[] permissions) {        for (String permission : permissions) {            if (ActivityCompat.shouldShowRequestPermissionRationale(this, permission)) {                return true;            }        }        return false;    }    /**     * 申请权限结果的回调     *     * @param requestCode     * @param permissions     * @param grantResults     */    @Override    public void onRequestPermissionsResult(int requestCode, @NonNull String[] permissions,                                           @NonNull int[] grantResults) {        super.onRequestPermissionsResult(requestCode, permissions, grantResults);        if (requestCode == REQUEST_CODE_ASK_PERMISSIONS && permissions != null) {            // 获取被拒绝的权限列表            ArrayList<String> deniedPermissions = new ArrayList<>();            for (String permission : permissions) {                if (ContextCompat.checkSelfPermission(this, permission) != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {                    deniedPermissions.add(permission);                }            }            // 判断被拒绝的权限中是否有包含必须具备的权限            ArrayList<String> forceRequirePermissionsDenied =                    checkForceRequirePermissionDenied(FORCE_REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS, deniedPermissions);            if (forceRequirePermissionsDenied != null && forceRequirePermissionsDenied.size() > 0) {                // 必备的权限被拒绝，                if (mNeedFinish) {                    showPermissionSettingDialog();                } else {                    if (mListener != null) {                        mListener.onPermissionDenied();                    }                }            } else {                // 不存在必备的权限被拒绝，可以进首页                if (mListener != null) {                    mListener.onPermissionGranted();                }            }        }    }    /**     * 检查回调结果     *     * @param grantResults     * @return     */    private boolean checkEachPermissionsGranted(int[] grantResults) {        for (int result : grantResults) {            if (result != PackageManager.PERMISSION_GRANTED) {                return false;            }        }        return true;    }    private ArrayList<String> checkForceRequirePermissionDenied(            ArrayList<String> forceRequirePermissions, ArrayList<String> deniedPermissions) {        ArrayList<String> forceRequirePermissionsDenied = new ArrayList<>();        if (forceRequirePermissions != null && forceRequirePermissions.size() > 0                && deniedPermissions != null && deniedPermissions.size() > 0) {            for (String forceRequire : forceRequirePermissions) {                if (deniedPermissions.contains(forceRequire)) {                    forceRequirePermissionsDenied.add(forceRequire);                }            }        }        return forceRequirePermissionsDenied;    }    /**     * 手动开启权限弹窗     */    private void showPermissionSettingDialog() {        final AlertDialog.Builder builder = new AlertDialog.Builder(this);        builder.setTitle("提示")                .setMessage("必要的权限被拒绝")                .setPositiveButton("去设置", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                    @Override                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {                        AppUtils.getAppDetailsSettings(BaseActivity.this, SETTINGS_REQUEST_CODE);                    }                })                .setNegativeButton("取消", new DialogInterface.OnClickListener() {                    @Override                    public void onClick(DialogInterface dialogInterface, int i) {                        dialogInterface.dismiss();                        if (mNeedFinish) AppUtils.restart(BaseActivity.this);                    }                })                .setCancelable(false)                .show();    }    @Override    protected void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent data) {        super.onActivityResult(requestCode, resultCode, data);        //如果需要跳转系统设置页后返回自动再次检查和执行业务 如果不需要则不需要重写onActivityResult        if (requestCode == SETTINGS_REQUEST_CODE) {            requestPermission(mPermissionsList, mNeedFinish, mListener);        }    }}

跳转应用设置和关闭APP进程的代码：

    /**     * 获取App具体设置     *     * @param context 上下文     */    public static void getAppDetailsSettings(Context context, int requestCode) {        getAppDetailsSettings(context, context.getPackageName(), requestCode);    }    /**     * 获取App具体设置     *     * @param context     上下文     * @param packageName 包名     */    public static void getAppDetailsSettings(Context context, String packageName, int requestCode) {        if (StringUtils.isSpace(packageName)) return;        ((AppCompatActivity) context).startActivityForResult(                IntentUtils.getAppDetailsSettingsIntent(packageName), requestCode);    }    /**     * 获取App具体设置的意图     *     * @param packageName 包名     * @return intent     */    public static Intent getAppDetailsSettingsIntent(String packageName) {        Intent intent = new Intent("android.settings.APPLICATION_DETAILS_SETTINGS");        intent.setData(Uri.parse("package:" + packageName));        return intent.addFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);    }    /**     * 通过任务管理器杀死进程     * 需添加权限 {@code <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.RESTART_PACKAGES"/>}</p>     *     * @param context     */    public static void restart(Context context) {        int currentVersion = android.os.Build.VERSION.SDK_INT;        if (currentVersion > android.os.Build.VERSION_CODES.ECLAIR_MR1) {            Intent startMain = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_MAIN);            startMain.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_HOME);            startMain.setFlags(Intent.FLAG_ACTIVITY_NEW_TASK);            context.startActivity(startMain);            System.exit(0);        } else {// android2.1            ActivityManager am = (ActivityManager) context.getSystemService(ACTIVITY_SERVICE);            am.restartPackage(context.getPackageName());        }    }

界面上调用代码：
这里我直接传了必要权限数列过去，因此如果有任何一个权限没通过，都会退出APP，
如果你打算分场合请求权限的话，可以修改下我的代码，必要和非必要权限都从界面传递过来就可以了。

        requestPermission(FORCE_REQUIRE_PERMISSIONS, true, new PermissionsResultListener() {            @Override            public void onPermissionGranted() {                ToastUtils.showShortToast("已申请权限");            }            @Override            public void onPermissionDenied() {                ToastUtils.showShortToast("拒绝申请权限");            }        });

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