Tinker初体验

Tinker官方源码
接入教程

这几天闲来无事，对于一些技术本身有着特别的渴望，于是乎，决定先来尝尝鲜。
昨天玩了一下tesseract，但是效果貌似不佳，总算是初步接入了tesseract的类库，有空的话在去优化。今日，想要和大家分享一下微信开源的热修复类库。虽然很多大神已经在网上发布过相关的博客，但是，觉得写得不是很详细，一开始，我也是按着大神们的博客去尝试的，单还是遇到了不少问题，在这里，我将遇到的种种突发情况分享给大家，希望能给大伙带来点帮助。

博主很懒，直接把官方的demo中的部分代码copy过来了，主要还是来接入类库，大家不要介意哈……

先来写一下接入的步骤吧：
第一、自定义一个Application，继承tinker提供的DefaultApplicationLike：

package com.morse.tinkerdemo;import android.annotation.TargetApi;import android.app.Application;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.res.AssetManager;import android.content.res.Resources;import android.os.Build;import com.tencent.tinker.anno.DefaultLifeCycle;import com.tencent.tinker.lib.tinker.Tinker;import com.tencent.tinker.lib.tinker.TinkerInstaller;import com.tencent.tinker.loader.app.DefaultApplicationLike;import com.tencent.tinker.loader.app.TinkerApplication;import com.tencent.tinker.loader.shareutil.ShareConstants;import android.support.multidex.MultiDex;/** * Created by Administrator on 2017/1/6. */@SuppressWarnings("unused")@DefaultLifeCycle(application = "com.morse.tinkerdemo.SampleApplication",        flags = ShareConstants.TINKER_ENABLE_ALL,        loadVerifyFlag = false)public class SampleApplicationLike extends DefaultApplicationLike {    private static final String TAG = "Tinker.SampleApplicationLike";    public SampleApplicationLike(Application application, int tinkerFlags, boolean tinkerLoadVerifyFlag,                                 long applicationStartElapsedTime, long applicationStartMillisTime, Intent tinkerResultIntent) {        super(application, tinkerFlags, tinkerLoadVerifyFlag, applicationStartElapsedTime, applicationStartMillisTime, tinkerResultIntent);    }    /**     * install multiDex before install tinker     * so we don't need to put the tinker lib classes in the main dex     *     * @param base     */    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH)    @Override    public void onBaseContextAttached(Context base) {        super.onBaseContextAttached(base);        //you must install multiDex whatever tinker is installed!        MultiDex.install(base);        SampleApplicationContext.application = getApplication();        SampleApplicationContext.context = getApplication();        TinkerManager.setTinkerApplicationLike(this);        TinkerManager.initFastCrashProtect();        //should set before tinker is installed        TinkerManager.setUpgradeRetryEnable(true);        //optional set logIml, or you can use default debug log        TinkerInstaller.setLogIml(new MyLogImp());        //installTinker after load multiDex        //or you can put com.tencent.tinker.** to main dex        TinkerManager.installTinker(this);        Tinker tinker = Tinker.with(getApplication());    }    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.ICE_CREAM_SANDWICH)    public void registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(Application.ActivityLifecycleCallbacks callback) {        getApplication().registerActivityLifecycleCallbacks(callback);    }}

第二步：配置gradle：
①配置住项目中的gradle

// Top-level build file where you can add configuration options common to all sub-projects/modules.buildscript {    repositories {        jcenter()    }    dependencies {        classpath 'com.android.tools.build:gradle:2.2.3'        classpath ('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-patch-gradle-plugin:1.7.7')        // NOTE: Do not place your application dependencies here; they belong        // in the individual module build.gradle files    }}allprojects {    repositories {        jcenter()    }}task clean(type: Delete) {    delete rootProject.buildDir}

②配置app下的gradle，这里的配置比较繁琐，需要配置的东西很多：

apply plugin: 'com.android.application'apply plugin: 'com.tencent.tinker.patch'android {    compileSdkVersion 25    buildToolsVersion "25.0.2"    defaultConfig {        applicationId "com.morse.tinkerdemo"        minSdkVersion 15        targetSdkVersion 25        versionCode 1        versionName "1.0"        testInstrumentationRunner "android.support.test.runner.AndroidJUnitRunner"        multiDexEnabled true        buildConfigField "String", "MESSAGE", "\"I am the base apk\""//        buildConfigField "String", "MESSAGE", "\"I am the patch apk\""        /**         * client version would update with patch         * so we can get the newly git version easily!         */        buildConfigField "String", "TINKER_ID", "\"${getTinkerIdValue()}\""        buildConfigField "String", "PLATFORM",  "\"all\""    }    buildTypes {        release {            minifyEnabled false            proguardFiles getDefaultProguardFile('proguard-android.txt'), 'proguard-rules.pro'        }    }    //recommend    dexOptions {        jumboMode = true    }}dependencies {    compile fileTree(dir: 'libs', include: ['*.jar'])    androidTestCompile('com.android.support.test.espresso:espresso-core:2.2.2', {        exclude group: 'com.android.support', module: 'support-annotations'    })    compile 'com.android.support:appcompat-v7:25.1.0'    testCompile 'junit:junit:4.12'    //optional, help to generate the final application    provided('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-anno:1.7.7')    //tinker's main Android lib    compile('com.tencent.tinker:tinker-android-lib:1.7.7')    compile "com.android.support:multidex:1.0.1"}def gitSha() {    try {//        String gitRev = 'git rev-parse --short HEAD'.execute(null, project.rootDir).text.trim()        String gitRev="2.10.1"        if (gitRev == null) {            throw new GradleException("can't get git rev, you should add git to system path or just input test value, such as 'testTinkerId'")        }        return gitRev    } catch (Exception e) {        throw new GradleException("can't get git rev, you should add git to system path or just input test value, such as 'testTinkerId'")    }}def javaVersion = JavaVersion.VERSION_1_7def bakPath = file("${buildDir}/bakApk/")/** * you can use assembleRelease to build you base apk * use tinkerPatchRelease -POLD_APK=  -PAPPLY_MAPPING=  -PAPPLY_RESOURCE= to build patch * add apk from the build/bakApk */ext {    //for some reason, you may want to ignore tinkerBuild, such as instant run debug build?    tinkerEnabled = true    //for normal build    //old apk file to build patch apk    tinkerOldApkPath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-0114-09-24-04.apk"    //proguard mapping file to build patch apk    tinkerApplyMappingPath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-0114-09-24-04-mapping.txt"    //resource R.txt to build patch apk, must input if there is resource changed    tinkerApplyResourcePath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-0114-09-24-04-R.txt"    //only use for build all flavor, if not, just ignore this field//    tinkerBuildFlavorDirectory = "${bakPath}/app-1018-17-32-47"}def getOldApkPath() {    return hasProperty("OLD_APK") ? OLD_APK : ext.tinkerOldApkPath}def getApplyMappingPath() {    return hasProperty("APPLY_MAPPING") ? APPLY_MAPPING : ext.tinkerApplyMappingPath}def getApplyResourceMappingPath() {    return hasProperty("APPLY_RESOURCE") ? APPLY_RESOURCE : ext.tinkerApplyResourcePath}def getTinkerIdValue() {    return hasProperty("TINKER_ID") ? TINKER_ID : gitSha()}def buildWithTinker() {    return hasProperty("TINKER_ENABLE") ? TINKER_ENABLE : ext.tinkerEnabled}def getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory() {    return ext.tinkerBuildFlavorDirectory}if (buildWithTinker()) {    apply plugin: 'com.tencent.tinker.patch'    tinkerPatch {        /**         * necessary，default 'null'         * the old apk path, use to diff with the new apk to build         * add apk from the build/bakApk         */        oldApk = getOldApkPath()        /**         * optional，default 'false'         * there are some cases we may get some warnings         * if ignoreWarning is true, we would just assert the patch process         * case 1: minSdkVersion is below 14, but you are using dexMode with raw.         *         it must be crash when load.         * case 2: newly added Android Component in AndroidManifest.xml,         *         it must be crash when load.         * case 3: loader classes in dex.loader{} are not keep in the main dex,         *         it must be let tinker not work.         * case 4: loader classes in dex.loader{} changes,         *         loader classes is ues to load patch dex. it is useless to change them.         *         it won't crash, but these changes can't effect. you may ignore it         * case 5: resources.arsc has changed, but we don't use applyResourceMapping to build         */        ignoreWarning = false        /**         * optional，default 'true'         * whether sign the patch file         * if not, you must do yourself. otherwise it can't check success during the patch loading         * we will use the sign config with your build type         */        useSign = true        /**         * optional，default 'true'         * whether use tinker to build         */        tinkerEnable = buildWithTinker()        /**         * Warning, applyMapping will affect the normal android build!         */        buildConfig {            /**             * optional，default 'null'             * if we use tinkerPatch to build the patch apk, you'd better to apply the old             * apk mapping file if minifyEnabled is enable!             * Warning:             * you must be careful that it will affect the normal assemble build!             */            applyMapping = getApplyMappingPath()            /**             * optional，default 'null'             * It is nice to keep the resource id from R.txt file to reduce java changes             */            applyResourceMapping = getApplyResourceMappingPath()            /**             * necessary，default 'null'             * because we don't want to check the base apk with md5 in the runtime(it is slow)             * tinkerId is use to identify the unique base apk when the patch is tried to apply.             * we can use git rev, svn rev or simply versionCode.             * we will gen the tinkerId in your manifest automatic             */            tinkerId = getTinkerIdValue()            /**             * if keepDexApply is true, class in which dex refer to the old apk.             * open this can reduce the dex diff file size.             */            keepDexApply = false        }        dex {            /**             * optional，default 'jar'             * only can be 'raw' or 'jar'. for raw, we would keep its original format             * for jar, we would repack dexes with zip format.             * if you want to support below 14, you must use jar             * or you want to save rom or check quicker, you can use raw mode also             */            dexMode = "jar"            /**             * necessary，default '[]'             * what dexes in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch             * it support * or ? pattern.             */            pattern = ["classes*.dex",                       "assets/secondary-dex-?.jar"]            /**             * necessary，default '[]'             * Warning, it is very very important, loader classes can't change with patch.             * thus, they will be removed from patch dexes.             * you must put the following class into main dex.             * Simply, you should add your own application {@code tinker.sample.android.SampleApplication}             * own tinkerLoader, and the classes you use in them             *             */            loader = [                    //use sample, let BaseBuildInfo unchangeable with tinker                    "com.morse.tinkerdemo.BaseBuildInfo"            ]        }        lib {            /**             * optional，default '[]'             * what library in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch             * it support * or ? pattern.             * for library in assets, we would just recover them in the patch directory             * you can get them in TinkerLoadResult with Tinker             */            pattern = ["lib/armeabi/*.so"]        }        res {            /**             * optional，default '[]'             * what resource in apk are expected to deal with tinkerPatch             * it support * or ? pattern.             * you must include all your resources in apk here,             * otherwise, they won't repack in the new apk resources.             */            pattern = ["res/*", "assets/*", "resources.arsc", "AndroidManifest.xml"]            /**             * optional，default '[]'             * the resource file exclude patterns, ignore add, delete or modify resource change             * it support * or ? pattern.             * Warning, we can only use for files no relative with resources.arsc             */            ignoreChange = ["assets/sample_meta.txt"]            /**             * default 100kb             * for modify resource, if it is larger than 'largeModSize'             * we would like to use bsdiff algorithm to reduce patch file size             */            largeModSize = 100        }        packageConfig {            /**             * optional，default 'TINKER_ID, TINKER_ID_VALUE' 'NEW_TINKER_ID, NEW_TINKER_ID_VALUE'             * package meta file gen. path is assets/package_meta.txt in patch file             * you can use securityCheck.getPackageProperties() in your ownPackageCheck method             * or TinkerLoadResult.getPackageConfigByName             * we will get the TINKER_ID from the old apk manifest for you automatic,             * other config files (such as patchMessage below)is not necessary             */            configField("patchMessage", "tinker is sample to use")            /**             * just a sample case, you can use such as sdkVersion, brand, channel...             * you can parse it in the SamplePatchListener.             * Then you can use patch conditional!             */            configField("platform", "all")            /**             * patch version via packageConfig             */            configField("patchVersion", "1.0")        }        //or you can add config filed outside, or get meta value from old apk        //project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.configField("test1", project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.getMetaDataFromOldApk("Test"))        //project.tinkerPatch.packageConfig.configField("test2", "sample")        /**         * if you don't use zipArtifact or path, we just use 7za to try         */        sevenZip {            /**             * optional，default '7za'             * the 7zip artifact path, it will use the right 7za with your platform             */            zipArtifact = "com.tencent.mm:SevenZip:1.1.10"            /**             * optional，default '7za'             * you can specify the 7za path yourself, it will overwrite the zipArtifact value             *///        path = "/usr/local/bin/7za"        }    }    List<String> flavors = new ArrayList<>();    project.android.productFlavors.each {flavor ->        flavors.add(flavor.name)    }    boolean hasFlavors = flavors.size() > 0    /**     * bak apk and mapping     */    android.applicationVariants.all { variant ->        /**         * task type, you want to bak         */        def taskName = variant.name        def date = new Date().format("MMdd-HH-mm-ss")        tasks.all {            if ("assemble${taskName.capitalize()}".equalsIgnoreCase(it.name)) {                it.doLast {                    copy {                        def fileNamePrefix = "${project.name}-${variant.baseName}"                        def newFileNamePrefix = hasFlavors ? "${fileNamePrefix}" : "${fileNamePrefix}-${date}"                        def destPath = hasFlavors ? file("${bakPath}/${project.name}-${date}/${variant.flavorName}") : bakPath                        from variant.outputs.outputFile                        into destPath                        rename { String fileName ->                            fileName.replace("${fileNamePrefix}.apk", "${newFileNamePrefix}.apk")                        }                        from "${buildDir}/outputs/mapping/${variant.dirName}/mapping.txt"                        into destPath                        rename { String fileName ->                            fileName.replace("mapping.txt", "${newFileNamePrefix}-mapping.txt")                        }                        from "${buildDir}/intermediates/symbols/${variant.dirName}/R.txt"                        into destPath                        rename { String fileName ->                            fileName.replace("R.txt", "${newFileNamePrefix}-R.txt")                        }                    }                }            }        }    }    project.afterEvaluate {        //sample use for build all flavor for one time        if (hasFlavors) {            task(tinkerPatchAllFlavorRelease) {                group = 'tinker'                def originOldPath = getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory()                for (String flavor : flavors) {                    def tinkerTask = tasks.getByName("tinkerPatch${flavor.capitalize()}Release")                    dependsOn tinkerTask                    def preAssembleTask = tasks.getByName("process${flavor.capitalize()}ReleaseManifest")                    preAssembleTask.doFirst {                        String flavorName = preAssembleTask.name.substring(7, 8).toLowerCase() + preAssembleTask.name.substring(8, preAssembleTask.name.length() - 15)                        project.tinkerPatch.oldApk = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release.apk"                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release-mapping.txt"                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyResourceMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-release-R.txt"                    }                }            }            task(tinkerPatchAllFlavorDebug) {                group = 'tinker'                def originOldPath = getTinkerBuildFlavorDirectory()                for (String flavor : flavors) {                    def tinkerTask = tasks.getByName("tinkerPatch${flavor.capitalize()}Debug")                    dependsOn tinkerTask                    def preAssembleTask = tasks.getByName("process${flavor.capitalize()}DebugManifest")                    preAssembleTask.doFirst {                        String flavorName = preAssembleTask.name.substring(7, 8).toLowerCase() + preAssembleTask.name.substring(8, preAssembleTask.name.length() - 13)                        project.tinkerPatch.oldApk = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug.apk"                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug-mapping.txt"                        project.tinkerPatch.buildConfig.applyResourceMapping = "${originOldPath}/${flavorName}/${project.name}-${flavorName}-debug-R.txt"                    }                }            }        }    }}

另外还需要添加sdk读取权限，主要是讲差分包下载到sdk，然后利用差分包去进行热修复。

    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.WRITE_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>    <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.READ_EXTERNAL_STORAGE"/>

我的demo项目主要是替换布局文件中的一个按钮，将原本的出现bug按钮，替换成修复按钮，所以布局文件将写成：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android"    xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools"    android:id="@+id/activity_main"    android:layout_width="match_parent"    android:layout_height="match_parent"    android:orientation="vertical"    tools:context="com.morse.tinkerdemo.MainActivity">    <TextView        android:id="@+id/tvMessage"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:gravity="center"        android:padding="10dp"        android:layout_below="@+id/showInfo"        android:text="一切正常" />    <Button        android:id="@+id/load_dex"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="加载dex"/>    <!--<Button-->        <!--android:id="@+id/btnBug"-->        <!--android:layout_width="match_parent"-->        <!--android:layout_height="wrap_content"-->        <!--android:text="出现bug" />-->    <Button        android:id="@+id/fixBug"        android:layout_width="match_parent"        android:layout_height="wrap_content"        android:text="修复Bug"/></LinearLayout>

MainActivity:

package com.morse.tinkerdemo;import android.os.Environment;import android.support.v7.app.AppCompatActivity;import android.os.Bundle;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.widget.Button;import android.widget.TextView;import com.tencent.tinker.lib.tinker.TinkerInstaller;import com.tencent.tinker.loader.shareutil.ShareTinkerInternals;public class MainActivity extends AppCompatActivity {    private TextView tvMessage;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);        tvMessage = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.tvMessage);//        findViewById(R.id.btnBug).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {//            @Override//            public void onClick(View v) {//                tvMessage.setText("出现Bug");//            }//        });        findViewById(R.id.load_dex).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {            @Override            public void onClick(View v) {                Log.d("test",Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/patch_unsigned.apk");//                TinkerInstaller.loadArmLibrary(getApplicationContext(), "stlport_shared");                //第二个参数为安装差分包的路径                TinkerInstaller.onReceiveUpgradePatch(getApplicationContext(),                        Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/patch_unsigned.apk");                //升级之后，杀死自己//                ShareTinkerInternals.killAllOtherProcess(getApplicationContext());//                android.os.Process.killProcess(android.os.Process.myPid());                tvMessage.setText("修复成功，重启生效");            }        });//        findViewById(R.id.fixBug).setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() {//            @Override//            public void onClick(View v) {//                TinkerInstaller.onReceiveUpgradePatch(getApplicationContext(),//                        Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() + "/patch_signed_7zip.apk");//            }//        });    }}

好了，项目已经集成好了，我们运行一下？哦，不，集成tinker的项目不能直接运行的，不然会报错，我们只能直接将项目打包。

问题来了，在打包的时候出现了一个问题，提示“tinkerId is not set!!!”，这是什么鬼？

找到tinker_intermediates文件夹下的清单文件，会发现这里有个TINKER_ID。

<meta-data android:name="TINKER_ID" android:value="tinker_id_2.10.1"/>

在大多数博客里面提到TINKER_ID的获取方法是，从geithub clone tinker项目，然后在本地提交，提交之后会生成一个提交版本，用这个提交的版本作为TINKER_ID。这是一种方法，如果只是写一个demo的话，不建议这么做，在这里，我直接随便写一个版本号进行测试。TINKER_ID的获取方式

打包完了之后将会生成barApk文件夹，这个目录会输出项目的R文件和apk包。

然后再去修改demo源码，之后去app下的gradle中添加一下代码：

ext {    //for some reason, you may want to ignore tinkerBuild, such as instant run debug build?    tinkerEnabled = true    //for normal build    //old apk file to build patch apk    tinkerOldApkPath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-0114-09-24-04.apk"    //proguard mapping file to build patch apk    tinkerApplyMappingPath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-0114-09-24-04-mapping.txt"    //resource R.txt to build patch apk, must input if there is resource changed    tinkerApplyResourcePath = "${bakPath}/app-debug-0114-09-24-04-R.txt"    //only use for build all flavor, if not, just ignore this field//    tinkerBuildFlavorDirectory = "${bakPath}/app-1018-17-32-47"}

app-debug-0114-09-24-04.apk替换成刚刚生成的文件名，如果是在线上的版本，把这个文件名修改成需要进行热修复的文件名。

修改好之后，在Android Studio右上角的gradle中找到tinker->tinkerPatchDebug，如果是release版本选择tinkerPatchRelease，运行，之后会在outputs目录下生成一个tinkerPatch文件夹：

在这个demo使用的是未签名的版本，使用patch_unsigner.apk就行了，copy到手机里面就OK了。

博客可能写的不符合给我的胃口，下面给大家推荐一篇博客：tinker接入教程