springboot data rest 2

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一、环境搭建

创建Maven项目，添加相应依赖

    <parent>        <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>        <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId>        <version>1.4.3.RELEASE</version>    </parent>    <dependencies>        <!-- 引入spring data rest -->        <dependency>            <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>            <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-rest</artifactId>        </dependency>        <!-- 引入JPA -->        <dependency>              <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId>              <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId>          </dependency>          <!-- 测试环境数据库 -->        <dependency>              <groupId>com.h2database</groupId>              <artifactId>h2</artifactId>          </dependency>      </dependencies>1
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这里采用最简单的方式Spring Boot集成 Spring Data REST，并引入h2数据库作为测试数据库，使用Spring Data Jpa的默认配置为数据持久层，顺便提一句Spring Data Jpa的默认实现为Hibernate。
2. 创建实体类

@Entitypublic class User {    /**     * 指定id为主键，并设置为自增长     */    @Id    @GeneratedValue(strategy=GenerationType.IDENTITY)    @GenericGenerator(name = "increment", strategy = "increment")    private long id;    private String name;    private String password;    private int age;    private boolean sex;    public long getId() {        return id;    }    public void setId(long id) {        this.id = id;    }    public String getName() {        return name;    }    public void setName(String name) {        this.name = name;    }    public String getPassword() {        return password;    }    public void setPassword(String password) {        this.password = password;    }    public int getAge() {        return age;    }    public void setAge(int age) {        this.age = age;    }    public boolean isSex() {        return sex;    }    public void setSex(boolean sex) {        this.sex = sex;    }}1
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创建UserRepository

/** * path="user"： 映射路由 * User：实体类 * Long：主键 * @author white * */@RepositoryRestResource(path="user")public interface UserRepository extends JpaRepository<User, Long>{}1
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创建启动类和核心配置文件
启动类

@org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplicationpublic class SpringBootApplication {    public static void main(String[] args) {        SpringApplication.run(SpringBootApplication.class, args);    }}1
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在Resource目录下创建application.properties

#测试数据库地址spring.datasource.url=jdbc:h2:file:D:\\testdb #ddl策略spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-auto=update1
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（注：如果你使用的不是h2数据库，在这里配置相应的数据库源和驱动即可）
到这里，一个简单的环境搭建完毕
这里写图片描述
二、实战测试

搭建测试环境
测试时推荐使用一个神奇Google的postman，用户测试RESTFul接口非常方便，postman CSDN下载地址，下载之后解压到任一目录，进入Google浏览器的拓展程序，点击加载已解压的拓展程序，找到你刚才的解压目录即可
启动项目
SpringBootApplication类中右键Run as即可

看到这里Logo且项目为报错则启动成功
RESTFul接口测试
①POST 新增User

同样方式新增几天测试数据
②GET查询
（1）普通列表查询
url: 127.0.0.1:8080/user
返回数据：

{  "_embedded": {    "users": [      {        "name": "white",        "password": "123123",        "age": 12,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/1"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/1"          }        }      },      {        "name": "white yu",        "password": "123123",        "age": 13,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/2"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/2"          }        }      },      {        "name": "white yu11",        "password": "123123",        "age": 14,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/3"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/3"          }        }      },      {        "name": "白鱼",        "password": "123123",        "age": 15,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/4"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/4"          }        }      },      {        "name": "小白鱼",        "password": "123123",        "age": 25,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/5"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/5"          }        }      },      {        "name": "小白",        "password": "123123",        "age": 25,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/6"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/6"          }        }      },      {        "name": "小 鱼 ",        "password": "123123",        "age": 25,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/7"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/7"          }        }      }    ]  },  "_links": {    "self": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user"    },    "profile": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/profile/user"    }  },  "page": {    "size": 20,    "totalElements": 7,    "totalPages": 1,    "number": 0  }}1
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（2）主键查询
url: 127.0.0.1:8080/user/2
返回数据：

{  "name": "white yu",  "password": "123123",  "age": 13,  "sex": false,  "_links": {    "self": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/2"    },    "user": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/2"    }  }}1
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（3）分页查询
url: 127.0.0.1:8080/user?page=1&size=3
返回数据：

{  "_embedded": {    "users": [      {        "name": "白鱼",        "password": "123123",        "age": 15,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/4"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/4"          }        }      },      {        "name": "小白鱼",        "password": "123123",        "age": 25,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/5"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/5"          }        }      },      {        "name": "小白",        "password": "123123",        "age": 25,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/6"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/6"          }        }      }    ]  },  "_links": {    "first": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user?page=0&size=3"    },    "prev": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user?page=0&size=3"    },    "self": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user"    },    "next": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user?page=2&size=3"    },    "last": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user?page=2&size=3"    },    "profile": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/profile/user"    }  },  "page": {    "size": 3,    "totalElements": 7,    "totalPages": 3,    "number": 1  }}1
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（4）分页+排序查询
url: 127.0.0.1:8080/user?page=1&size=3&sort=age,desc
返回数据

{  "_embedded": {    "users": [      {        "name": "白鱼",        "password": "123123",        "age": 15,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/4"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/4"          }        }      },      {        "name": "white yu11",        "password": "123123",        "age": 14,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/3"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/3"          }        }      },      {        "name": "white yu",        "password": "123123",        "age": 13,        "sex": false,        "_links": {          "self": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/2"          },          "user": {            "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user/2"          }        }      }    ]  },  "_links": {    "first": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user?page=0&size=3&sort=age,desc"    },    "prev": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user?page=0&size=3&sort=age,desc"    },    "self": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user"    },    "next": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user?page=2&size=3&sort=age,desc"    },    "last": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/user?page=2&size=3&sort=age,desc"    },    "profile": {      "href": "http://127.0.0.1:8080/profile/user"    }  },  "page": {    "size": 3,    "totalElements": 7,    "totalPages": 3,    "number": 1  }}1
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③PUT、POST更新数据
这里写图片描述
或者

④DELETE删除数据

测试完毕
最后再看一下项目结构
这里写图片描述
这里只是简单的编写了三个类，除去配置类和实体类，其实我们就写了两行代码，就实现了RESTFul风格的接口，这就是Spring Data REST的魅力所在。当然实际生成环境不会那么简单，还需要一些额外的处理，比如在返回的数据中，password这类字段是不应该返回的，DELETE 操作，我们实际需求不是硬删除，SAVE操作之前需要做相应的数据校验和数据格式的转换等等，这类定制化的操作，Spring Data REST也提供了相应的支持。在接下来的篇幅为会大家详细介绍，由于博主水平有限，如有不足，请斧正，谢谢

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