Spring MVC+Maven+Velocity的配置过程

1. 简介

本文通过一个简单的实例展示Spring MVC+Maven+Velocity的配置过程，该配置的重点在于以下几个方面：

1.  创建Maven工程
   
2. Maven依赖包配置
3. 配置 web.xml文件
4. Spring配置文件
   
5. 编写程序验证配置
   

2.构建步骤

要构建一个如上图所示的工程，分以下几步实现：

2.1 创建Maven（webapp）工程

最终我们的项目看起来是这样的：

2.2 配置pom.xml依赖

可以在Maven官网：http://search.maven.org/ 进行搜索需要的依赖配置。下面是具体的依赖配置：

pom.xml

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>com.boonya.spring.mvc.velocity</groupId><artifactId>SpringVelocity</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>war</packaging><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><dependencies><dependency>    <groupId>javax.servlet</groupId>    <artifactId>javax.servlet-api</artifactId>    <version>3.1.0</version></dependency><!-- Spring Framework --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-web</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><!-- velocity --><dependency>    <groupId>org.apache.velocity</groupId>    <artifactId>velocity</artifactId>    <version>1.7</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.googlecode.sli4j</groupId><artifactId>sli4j-slf4j-log4j</artifactId><version>2.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>junit</groupId><artifactId>junit</artifactId><version>4.11</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId><artifactId>ehcache-core</artifactId><version>2.6.5</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.codehaus.jackson</groupId><artifactId>jackson-mapper-asl</artifactId><version>1.9.13</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>net.sf.json-lib</groupId><artifactId>json-lib</artifactId><version>2.4</version><classifier>jdk15</classifier></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>3.2.4.RELEASE</version><type>jar</type><scope>compile</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring</artifactId><version>1.2.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-ehcache</artifactId><version>1.0.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-jdbc</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency>        <!-- 阿里巴巴数据源包 -->        <dependency>            <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId>            <artifactId>druid</artifactId>            <version>1.0.2</version>        </dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.poi</groupId><artifactId>poi</artifactId><version>3.8</version></dependency><!-- <dependency><groupId>google</groupId><artifactId>google-connections</artifactId><version>1.0</version></dependency> --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-webmvc</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-httpclient</groupId><artifactId>commons-httpclient</artifactId><version>3.1</version></dependency><!-- cxf.jar --><dependency><groupId>org.apache.cxf</groupId><artifactId>cxf-rt-frontend-jaxws</artifactId><version>2.7.6</version></dependency><!-- <dependency><groupId>org.apache</groupId><artifactId>neethi</artifactId><version>3.0.2</version></dependency> --><dependency><groupId>wsdl4j</groupId><artifactId>wsdl4j</artifactId><version>1.6.3</version><type>jar</type><scope>compile</scope></dependency><!-- <dependency><groupId>org.apache.ws</groupId><artifactId>commons.schema</artifactId><version>2.0.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.ctc</groupId><artifactId>wstx</artifactId><version>4.2.0</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.codehaus</groupId><artifactId>stax2</artifactId><version>3.1.1</version></dependency> --><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-beans</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-test</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId><version>1.7.4</version></dependency>        <!-- mysql驱动包 -->        <dependency>            <groupId>mysql</groupId>            <artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId>            <version>5.1.12</version>        </dependency><!-- <dependency><groupId>com.oracle</groupId><artifactId>ojdbc14</artifactId><version>10.2.0.1.0</version></dependency> --><dependency><groupId>org.mybatis</groupId><artifactId>mybatis</artifactId><version>3.1.1</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax</groupId><artifactId>javaee-api</artifactId><version>6.0</version><scope>provided</scope><!--  <scope>compile</scope>--></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.mail</groupId><artifactId>mail</artifactId><version>1.4.7</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>javax.servlet</groupId><artifactId>jstl</artifactId><version>1.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>commons-fileupload</groupId><artifactId>commons-fileupload</artifactId><version>1.3</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.apache.clerezza.ext</groupId><artifactId>org.json.simple</artifactId><version>0.3-incubating</version><scope>compile</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>com.alibaba</groupId><artifactId>fastjson</artifactId><version>1.1.41</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>dom4j</groupId><artifactId>dom4j</artifactId><version>1.6</version></dependency><!--二维码--><dependency> <groupId>com.google.zxing</groupId><artifactId>core</artifactId><version>3.0.1</version></dependency><!--缩略图--><dependency><groupId>net.coobird</groupId> <artifactId>thumbnailator</artifactId><version>0.4.8</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-orm</artifactId><version>3.2.5.RELEASE</version></dependency> <dependency><groupId>org.unitils</groupId><artifactId>unitils-core</artifactId><version>3.1</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.unitils</groupId><artifactId>unitils-database</artifactId><version>3.1</version><scope>test</scope></dependency> <dependency><groupId>org.unitils</groupId><artifactId>unitils-dbmaintainer</artifactId><version>3.1</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.unitils</groupId><artifactId>unitils-dbunit</artifactId><version>3.1</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.unitils</groupId><artifactId>unitils-spring</artifactId><version>3.1</version><scope>test</scope></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.unitils</groupId><artifactId>unitils-orm</artifactId><version>3.1</version><scope>test</scope></dependency> <dependency>            <groupId>org.quartz-scheduler</groupId>            <artifactId>quartz</artifactId>            <version>1.8.5</version>        </dependency>  </dependencies><build><pluginManagement><plugins><plugin><groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId><artifactId>maven-compiler-plugin</artifactId><version>2.3.2</version><configuration><source>1.7</source><target>1.7</target></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.mybatis.generator</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-generator-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>1.3.1</version><configuration><overwrite>false</overwrite></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.apache.tomcat.maven</groupId><artifactId>tomcat7-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>2.1</version><configuration><uriEncoding>utf-8</uriEncoding><port>8888</port><path>/</path><contextReloadable>false</contextReloadable><useTestClasspath>false</useTestClasspath></configuration></plugin><plugin><groupId>org.codehaus.mojo</groupId><artifactId>tomcat-maven-plugin</artifactId><version>1.1</version><configuration><url>http://192.168.200.121:8080/manager/text</url><username>tomcat</username><password>password</password><path>/SpringVelocity</path></configuration></plugin></plugins></pluginManagement><resources><resource><directory>src/main/resources</directory><includes><include>**/*.properties</include><include>**/*.xml</include></includes></resource><resource><directory>src/main/java</directory><excludes><exclude>**/*.java</exclude><exclude>**/.svn/*</exclude></excludes></resource></resources></build></project>

注：有些没用的依赖可以去掉。

2.3web.xml文件配置

web.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"    xmlns:web="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd" xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_3_0.xsd"    id="WebApp_ID" version="3.0">    <display-name>Archetype Created Web Application</display-name>    <listener>        <description>spring</description>        <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>    </listener>    <!-- spring mvc servlet -->    <servlet>        <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <init-param>            <description>spring mvc</description>            <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>                      <param-value>/WEB-INF/spring-servlet.xml</param-value> <!-- spring-servlet 配置路径 -->        </init-param>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>springServlet</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>*.html</url-pattern> <!-- 以html结尾的url将会交给springServlet来处理  -->    </servlet-mapping></web-app>

2.4Spring文件配置

Spring通用配置：applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc" xmlns:tx="http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx"xmlns:jdbc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc http://www.springframework.org/schema/jdbc/spring-jdbc-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/tx http://www.springframework.org/schema/tx/spring-tx-3.0.xsd">        </beans> 

由于数据库什么的都没用到，所以去掉了多余的配置，如果要配置完整的可以参考src/resources/main/applicationContext.txt.

SpringMVC的配置：spring-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:mvc="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beanshttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc-3.0.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aophttp://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop.xsd">    <!-- 激活@Controller模式 -->    <mvc:annotation-driven />    <!-- spring可以自动去扫描base-package下面或者子包下面的java文件-->    <!--如果扫描到有@Component @Controller@Service等这些注解的类，则把这些类注册为bean -->    <context:component-scan base-package="com.boonya.spring.mvc.velocity.controller" />    <!-- for velocity view -->    <bean id="velocityConfig" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityConfigurer">        <property name="resourceLoaderPath" value="/WEB-INF/templates/" /> <!-- velocity前端渲染文件.vm路径设置-->    </bean>    <bean id="vmViewResolver" class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.velocity.VelocityViewResolver">        <property name="cache" value="true" />        <property name="prefix" value="" />        <property name="suffix" value=".vm" />        <property name="order" value="1" /> <!-- 多ViewResovler配置 -->    </bean></beans>

2.5视图控制层Controller代码

SpringVelocityController.java

package com.boonya.spring.mvc.velocity.controller;import java.util.ArrayList;import java.util.List;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView;@Controllerpublic class SpringVelocityController  {    @RequestMapping("/velocity")  public ModelAndView velocityView(HttpServletRequest req, HttpServletResponse resp) throws Exception {      System.out.println("------------ enter SpringVelocityController");      List<String> list = new ArrayList<String>();      list.add("a");      list.add("b");      list.add("c");      return new ModelAndView("velocity", "list", list);// velocity:即SpringVelocity/src/main/webapp/WEB-INF/templates/velocity.vm  }}

3.测试项目

3.1测试配置正确性

我们加一个空的JSP页面作为首页：index.jsp

<%@ page language="java" contentType="text/html; charset=UTF-8"    pageEncoding="UTF-8"%><!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.01 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/html4/loose.dtd"><html><head><meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=utf-8"><title>SpringVelocity首页</title></head><body><h3>欢迎来到，SpringVelocity!</h3></body></html>

启动tomcat访问：http://localhost:8080/SpringVelocity/ 看到以下输出说明配置可以正常启动。

3.2测试Velocity模板输出

在浏览器输入：http://localhost:8080/SpringVelocity/velocity.html 如果看到如下输出则配置成功。

还是那句话，实践出真知。文章有借鉴阿里实习小朋友的（文章上面有误）：http://blog.csdn.net/sun_wangdong/article/details/51992194

3.3工程代码下载

http://download.csdn.net/detail/boonya/9752942