ActiveMQ学习教程

背景：ActiveMQ 是Apache出品，最流行的，能力强劲的开源消息总线。
ActiveMQ的持久化：http://blog.csdn.net/xh16319/article/details/12144953
选择ActiveMQ作为JMS的入门学习中间件，是因为其拥有以下优点

1.多种语言和协议编写客户端。语言: Java, C, C++, C#, Ruby, Perl, Python, PHP。应用协议: OpenWire,Stomp REST,WS Notification,XMPP,AMQP
2.完全支持JMS1.1和J2EE 1.4规范 (持久化,XA消息,事务)
3.对Spring的支持,ActiveMQ可以很容易内嵌到使用Spring的系统里面去,而且也支持Spring2.0的特性
4.完全支持JMS1.1和J2EE 1.4规范 (持久化,XA消息,事务)
5.通过了常见J2EE服务器(如 Geronimo,JBoss 4, GlassFish,WebLogic)的测试,其中通过JCA 1.5 resource adaptors的配置,可以让ActiveMQ可以自动的部署到任何兼容J2EE 1.4 商业服务器上
6.支持多种传送协议:in-VM,TCP,SSL,NIO,UDP,JGroups,JXTA
7.从设计上保证了高性能的集群,客户端-服务器,点对点
8.支持Ajax
9.支持与Axis的整合
10.可以很容易得调用内嵌JMS provider,进行测试

学会了ActiveMQ之后，其它供应商的MQ也可以在短时间内快速上手。

安装：
ActiveMQ（本文简称MQ）要求JDK1.5以上，推荐1.6以上版本。还没安装JDK的朋友，请先安装，在此不赘诉了。
安装完JDK后，从 http://activemq.apache.org/download.html下载MQ的最新版本，本教程使用版本为5.4.3。或者点击连接下载：
解压后，可以看到MQ目录下有以下文件和目录
activemq-all-5.4.3jar:所有MQ JAR包的集合，用于用户系统调用
bin:其中包含MQ的启动脚本
conf:包含MQ的所有配置文件
data:日志文件及持久性消息数据
example:MQ的示例
lib:MQ运行所需的所有Lib
webapps:MQ的Web控制台及一些相关的DEMO
启动MQ：
双击bin目录下的activemq.bat文件即可启动MQ

第一个示例：
新建一个JAVA工程，引用activemq-all-5.5.0.jar，SLFAPI其及对应版本LOG4J的JAR包（懒的上网找的到附件里下载）

Publisher.java

import java.util.Hashtable;  import java.util.Map;  import javax.jms.Connection;  import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;  import javax.jms.Destination;  import javax.jms.JMSException;  import javax.jms.MapMessage;  import javax.jms.Message;  import javax.jms.MessageProducer;  import javax.jms.Session;  import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;  import org.apache.activemq.command.ActiveMQMapMessage;  public class Publisher {      protected int MAX_DELTA_PERCENT = 1;      protected Map<String, Double> LAST_PRICES = new Hashtable<String, Double>();      protected static int count = 10;      protected static int total;      protected static String brokerURL = "tcp://localhost:61616";      protected static transient ConnectionFactory factory;      protected transient Connection connection;      protected transient Session session;      protected transient MessageProducer producer;      public Publisher() throws JMSException {          factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(brokerURL);          connection = factory.createConnection();          try {          connection.start();          } catch (JMSException jmse) {              connection.close();              throw jmse;          }          session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);          producer = session.createProducer(null);      }      public void close() throws JMSException {          if (connection != null) {              connection.close();          }      }      public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {          Publisher publisher = new Publisher();          while (total < 1000) {              for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) {                  publisher.sendMessage(args);              }              total += count;              System.out.println("Published '" + count + "' of '" + total + "' price messages");              try {                Thread.sleep(1000);              } catch (InterruptedException x) {              }          }          publisher.close();      }      protected void sendMessage(String[] stocks) throws JMSException {          int idx = 0;          while (true) {              idx = (int)Math.round(stocks.length * Math.random());              if (idx < stocks.length) {                  break;              }          }          String stock = stocks[idx];          Destination destination = session.createTopic("STOCKS." + stock);          Message message = createStockMessage(stock, session);          System.out.println("Sending: " + ((ActiveMQMapMessage)message).getContentMap() + " on destination: " + destination);          producer.send(destination, message);      }      protected Message createStockMessage(String stock, Session session) throws JMSException {          Double value = LAST_PRICES.get(stock);          if (value == null) {              value = new Double(Math.random() * 100);          }          // lets mutate the value by some percentage          double oldPrice = value.doubleValue();          value = new Double(mutatePrice(oldPrice));          LAST_PRICES.put(stock, value);          double price = value.doubleValue();          double offer = price * 1.001;          boolean up = (price > oldPrice);          MapMessage message = session.createMapMessage();          message.setString("stock", stock);          message.setDouble("price", price);          message.setDouble("offer", offer);          message.setBoolean("up", up);          return message;      }      protected double mutatePrice(double price) {          double percentChange = (2 * Math.random() * MAX_DELTA_PERCENT) - MAX_DELTA_PERCENT;          return price * (100 + percentChange) / 100;      }  }  

Consumer.java

import javax.jms.Connection;  import javax.jms.ConnectionFactory;  import javax.jms.Destination;  import javax.jms.JMSException;  import javax.jms.MessageConsumer;  import javax.jms.Session;  import org.apache.activemq.ActiveMQConnectionFactory;  public class Consumer {      private static String brokerURL = "tcp://localhost:61616";      private static transient ConnectionFactory factory;      private transient Connection connection;      private transient Session session;      public Consumer() throws JMSException {          factory = new ActiveMQConnectionFactory(brokerURL);          connection = factory.createConnection();          connection.start();          session = connection.createSession(false, Session.AUTO_ACKNOWLEDGE);      }      public void close() throws JMSException {          if (connection != null) {              connection.close();          }      }          public static void main(String[] args) throws JMSException {          Consumer consumer = new Consumer();          for (String stock : args) {              Destination destination = consumer.getSession().createTopic("STOCKS." + stock);              MessageConsumer messageConsumer = consumer.getSession().createConsumer(destination);              messageConsumer.setMessageListener(new Listener());          }      }      public Session getSession() {          return session;      }  }  

Listener.java

import java.text.DecimalFormat;  import javax.jms.MapMessage;  import javax.jms.Message;  import javax.jms.MessageListener;  public class Listener implements MessageListener {      public void onMessage(Message message) {          try {              MapMessage map = (MapMessage)message;              String stock = map.getString("stock");              double price = map.getDouble("price");              double offer = map.getDouble("offer");              boolean up = map.getBoolean("up");              DecimalFormat df = new DecimalFormat( "#,###,###,##0.00" );              System.out.println(stock + "\t" + df.format(price) + "\t" + df.format(offer) + "\t" + (up?"up":"down"));          } catch (Exception e) {              e.printStackTrace();          }      }  }  

先运行Consumer.java, 输入参数ORCL，然后运行Publisher.java，输入参数ORCL，
就可以看到Publisher在发送消息，Consumer在接收消息了。
eclipse带参数运行：

好了，MQ的安装与第一个示例程序的介绍就到此为止了。