python3中urlopen()和get()区别

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爬虫里面，我们不可避免的要用urllib中的urlopen()和requests.get()方法去请求或获取一个网页的内容,这里面的区别在于urlopen打开URL网址，url参数可以是一个字符串url或者是一个Request对象，返回的是http.client.HTTPResponse对象.http.client.HTTPResponse对象大概包括read()、readinto()、getheader()、getheaders()、fileno()、msg、version、status、reason、debuglevel和closed函数，其实一般而言使用read()函数后还需要decode()函数，这里一个巨大的优势就是：返回的网页内容实际上是没有被解码或的，在read()得到内容后通过指定decode()函数参数，可以使用对应的解码方式。
而requests.get()方法请求了站点的网址，然后打印出了返回结果的类型，状态码，编码方式，Cookies等内容

from urllib.request import urlopenimport requestsdata_get=requests.get("https://www.baidu.com").content.decode("utf-8")html_url=urlopen("https://www.baidu.com")data_url=html_url.read()with open("data_get.html","w") as f:    f.write(data_get)print(data_get)print("------------------------\n")print(data_url)with open("data_url.html","wb") as f:    f.write(data_url)

data_get.html如下：

<!DOCTYPE html><!--STATUS OK--><html><head>    <meta http-equiv=content-type content=text/html;charset=utf-8>    <meta http-equiv=X-UA-Compatible content=IE=Edge>    <meta content=always name=referrer>      <link rel=stylesheet type=text/css href=https://ss1.bdstatic.com/5eN1bjq8AAUYm2zgoY3K/r/www/cache/bdorz/baidu.min.css>        <title>百度一下，你就知道</title>      </head>      <body link=#0000cc>           <div id=wrapper>            <div id=head>              <div class=head_wrapper>                <div class=s_form>                  <div class=s_form_wrapper>                    <div id=lg>                      <img hidefocus=true src=//www.baidu.com/img/bd_logo1.png width=270 height=129>                    </div>                    <form id=form name=f action=//www.baidu.com/s class=fm>                      <input type=hidden name=bdorz_come value=1>                      <input type=hidden name=ie value=utf-8>                      <input type=hidden name=f value=8>                      <input type=hidden name=rsv_bp value=1>                      <input type=hidden name=rsv_idx value=1>                      <input type=hidden name=tn value=baidu>                      <span class="bg s_ipt_wr">                        <input id=kw name=wd class=s_ipt value maxlength=255 autocomplete=off autofocus=autofocus>                      </span><span class="bg s_btn_wr">                        <input type=submit id=su value=百度一下 class="bg s_btn" autofocus>                      </span>                    </form>                  </div>                </div>                <div id=u1>                  <a href=http://news.baidu.com name=tj_trnews class=mnav>新闻</a>                   <a href=https://www.hao123.com name=tj_trhao123 class=mnav>hao123</a>                   <a href=http://map.baidu.com name=tj_trmap class=mnav>地图</a>                   <a href=http://v.baidu.com name=tj_trvideo class=mnav>视频</a>                   <a href=http://tieba.baidu.com name=tj_trtieba class=mnav>贴吧</a>                   <noscript>                     <a href=http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&amp;tpl=mn&amp;u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.baidu.com%2f%3fbdorz_come%3d1 name=tj_login class=lb>登录</a>                   </noscript>                   <script>document.write('<a href="http://www.baidu.com/bdorz/login.gif?login&tpl=mn&u='+ encodeURIComponent(window.location.href+ (window.location.search === "" ? "?" : "&")+ "bdorz_come=1")+ '" name="tj_login" class="lb">登录</a>');                </script>                <a href=//www.baidu.com/more/ name=tj_briicon class=bri style="display: block;">更多产品</a>              </div>            </div>          </div>          <div id=ftCon>            <div id=ftConw>              <p id=lh>                <a href=http://home.baidu.com>关于百度</a>                <a href=http://ir.baidu.com>About Baidu</a> </p>                <p id=cp>&copy;2017&nbsp;Baidu&nbsp;                  <a href=http://www.baidu.com/duty/>使用百度前必读</a>&nbsp;                  <a href=http://jianyi.baidu.com/ class=cp-feedback>意见反馈</a>&nbsp;京ICP证030173号&nbsp;                  <img src=//www.baidu.com/img/gs.gif>                </p>              </div>            </div>          </div>        </body>        </html>

data_url如下：

<html><head>    <script>        location.replace(location.href.replace("https://","http://"));    </script></head><body>    <noscript><meta http-equiv="refresh" content="0;url=http://www.baidu.com/"></noscript></body></html>

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