oracle asm 磁盘头数据以及备份与恢复基础篇（二）
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今天是2014-03-11，对于Oracle asm的元数据分为固定源数据和逻辑源数据，固定源数据一般占用磁盘的前两个au，其中内容包括disk header 、allocation table(AT）、free space table（FST)、（partnership status table（PST)，逻辑源数据是存在asm 文件中包括的一些信息：
一：工具使用：
查看磁盘元数据通常考虑使用kfed工具，但是该工具和bbed类似，需要自动编译才可使用：
编译生成工具：
[sql] view plain copy 
- [root@oracle-one ~]# su - grid
- -bash-4.1$ cd /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/rdbms/
- -bash-4.1$ cd lib
- -bash-4.1$ make -f ins_rdbms.mk ikfed
- Linking KFED utility (kfed)
- rm -f /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/rdbms/lib/kfed
- gcc -o /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/rdbms/lib/kfed -m64 -z noexecstack -L/ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/rdbms/lib/ -L/ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib/ -L/ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib/stubs/ /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib/s0main.o /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/rdbms/lib/sskfeded.o /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/rdbms/lib/skfedpt.o -ldbtools11 -lcommon11 -lcell11 -lskgxp11 -lhasgen11 -lskgxn2 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lxml11 -locr11 -locrb11 -locrutl11 -lhasgen11 -lskgxn2 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lxml11 -lasmclnt11 -lclntsh `cat /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnro11 `cat /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnnz11 -lzt11 -lztkg11 -lclient11 -lnnetd11 -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lmm -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 `cat /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lnro11 `cat /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib/ldflags` -lncrypt11 -lnsgr11 -lnzjs11 -ln11 -lnl11 -lclient11 -lnnetd11 -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 -lclient11 -lnnetd11 -lvsn11 -lcommon11 -lgeneric11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lxml11 -lcore11 -lunls11 -lsnls11 -lnls11 -lcore11 -lnls11 `cat /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib/sysliblist` -Wl,-rpath,/ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib -lm `cat /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib/sysliblist` -ldl -lm -L/ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/lib
- test ! -f /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/bin/kfed ||\
- mv -f /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/bin/kfed /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/bin/kfedO
- mv /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/rdbms/lib/kfed /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/bin/kfed
- chmod 751 /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/bin/kfed
- -bash-4.1$
- -bash-4.1$ kfed -help
- as/mlib ASM Library [asmlib='lib']
- aun/um AU number to examine or update [AUNUM=number]
- aus/z Allocation Unit size in bytes [AUSZ=number]
- blkn/um Block number to examine or update [BLKNUM=number]
- blks/z Metadata block size in bytes [BLKSZ=number]
- ch/ksum Update checksum before each write [CHKSUM=YES/NO]
- cn/t Count of AUs to process [CNT=number]
- de/v ASM device to examine or update [DEV=string]
- dm/pall Don't suppress repeated lines when dumping corrupt blocks [DMPALL=YES/NO]
- o/p KFED operation type [OP=READ/WRITE/MERGE/REPAIR/NEW/FORM/FIND/STRUCT]
- p/rovnm Name for provisioning purposes [PROVNM=string]
- s/eek AU number to seek to [SEEK=number]
- te/xt File name for translated block text [TEXT=string]
- ty/pe ASM metadata block type number [TYPE=number]
- -bash-4.1$ which kfed
- /ginf/grid/product/11.2.0/grid_1/bin/kfed
通过help可以看出，kfed工具operation type有 read，write，dumping ，repare，new，from ，find，struct功能。
二、查看源数据：
asm 磁盘有个磁盘头（disk header）占用磁盘的第一个au的第一个block。查看如下：
eg：
[sql] view plain copy
- -bash-4.1$ kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2 aun=0 blkn=0|more
- kfbh.endian: 1 ; 0x000: 0x01
- kfbh.hard: 130 ; 0x001: 0x82
- kfbh.type: 1 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_DISKHEAD
- kfbh.datfmt: 1 ; 0x003: 0x01
- kfbh.block.blk: 0 ; 0x004: blk=0
- kfbh.block.obj: 2147483649 ; 0x008: disk=1
- kfbh.check: 2360755735 ; 0x00c: 0x8cb64617
- kfbh.fcn.base: 55762 ; 0x010: 0x0000d9d2
- kfbh.fcn.wrap: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
- kfbh.spare1: 0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
- kfbh.spare2: 0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.driver.provstr: ORCLDISKASMDISK2 ; 0x000: length=16
- kfdhdb.driver.reserved[0]: 1145918273 ; 0x008: 0x444d5341
- kfdhdb.driver.reserved[1]: 843797321 ; 0x00c: 0x324b5349
- kfdhdb.driver.reserved[2]: 0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.driver.reserved[3]: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.driver.reserved[4]: 0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.driver.reserved[5]: 0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.compat: 186646528 ; 0x020: 0x0b200000
- kfdhdb.dsknum: 1 ; 0x024: 0x0001
- kfdhdb.grptyp: 2 ; 0x026: KFDGTP_NORMAL
- kfdhdb.hdrsts: 3 ; 0x027: KFDHDR_MEMBER
- kfdhdb.dskname: DATAGROUP1_0001 ; 0x028: length=15
- kfdhdb.grpname: DATAGROUP1 ; 0x048: length=10
- kfdhdb.fgname: DATAGROUP1_0001 ; 0x068: length=15
- kfdhdb.capname: ; 0x088: length=0
- kfdhdb.crestmp.hi: 32993346 ; 0x0a8: HOUR=0x2 DAYS=0x2 MNTH=0xc YEAR=0x7dd
- kfdhdb.crestmp.lo: 71610368 ; 0x0ac: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x12c SECS=0x4 MINS=0x1
- kfdhdb.mntstmp.hi: 33000821 ; 0x0b0: HOUR=0x15 DAYS=0xb MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7de
- kfdhdb.mntstmp.lo: 3170037760 ; 0x0b4: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0xbc SECS=0xf MINS=0x2f
- kfdhdb.secsize: 512 ; 0x0b8: 0x0200
- kfdhdb.blksize: 4096 ; 0x0ba: 0x1000
- kfdhdb.ausize: 1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000
- kfdhdb.mfact: 113792 ; 0x0c0: 0x0001bc80
- kfdhdb.dsksize: 4094 ; 0x0c4: 0x00000ffe
- kfdhdb.pmcnt: 2 ; 0x0c8: 0x00000002
- kfdhdb.fstlocn: 1 ; 0x0cc: 0x00000001
- kfdhdb.altlocn: 2 ; 0x0d0: 0x00000002
- kfdhdb.f1b1locn: 2 ; 0x0d4: 0x00000002
- kfdhdb.redomirrors[0]: 2 ; 0x0d8: 0x0002
- kfdhdb.redomirrors[1]: 1 ; 0x0da: 0x0001
- kfdhdb.redomirrors[2]: 3 ; 0x0dc: 0x0003
- kfdhdb.redomirrors[3]: 65535 ; 0x0de: 0xffff
- kfdhdb.dbcompat: 168820736 ; 0x0e0: 0x0a100000
- kfdhdb.grpstmp.hi: 32993346 ; 0x0e4: HOUR=0x2 DAYS=0x2 MNTH=0xc YEAR=0x7dd
- kfdhdb.grpstmp.lo: 70603776 ; 0x0e8: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x155 SECS=0x3 MINS=0x1
- kfdhdb.vfstart: 0 ; 0x0ec: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.vfend: 0 ; 0x0f0: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.spfile: 0 ; 0x0f4: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.spfflg: 0 ; 0x0f8: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[0]: 0 ; 0x0fc: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[1]: 0 ; 0x100: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[2]: 0 ; 0x104: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[3]: 0 ; 0x108: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[4]: 0 ; 0x10c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[5]: 0 ; 0x110: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[6]: 0 ; 0x114: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[7]: 0 ; 0x118: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[8]: 0 ; 0x11c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[9]: 0 ; 0x120: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[10]: 0 ; 0x124: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[11]: 0 ; 0x128: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[12]: 0 ; 0x12c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[13]: 0 ; 0x130: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[14]: 0 ; 0x134: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[15]: 0 ; 0x138: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[16]: 0 ; 0x13c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[17]: 0 ; 0x140: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[18]: 0 ; 0x144: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[19]: 0 ; 0x148: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[20]: 0 ; 0x14c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[21]: 0 ; 0x150: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[22]: 0 ; 0x154: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[23]: 0 ; 0x158: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[24]: 0 ; 0x15c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[25]: 0 ; 0x160: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[26]: 0 ; 0x164: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[27]: 0 ; 0x168: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[28]: 0 ; 0x16c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[29]: 0 ; 0x170: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[30]: 0 ; 0x174: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[31]: 0 ; 0x178: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[32]: 0 ; 0x17c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[33]: 0 ; 0x180: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[34]: 0 ; 0x184: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[35]: 0 ; 0x188: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[36]: 0 ; 0x18c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[37]: 0 ; 0x190: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[38]: 0 ; 0x194: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[39]: 0 ; 0x198: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[40]: 0 ; 0x19c: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[41]: 0 ; 0x1a0: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[42]: 0 ; 0x1a4: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[43]: 0 ; 0x1a8: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[44]: 0 ; 0x1ac: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[45]: 0 ; 0x1b0: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[46]: 0 ; 0x1b4: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[47]: 0 ; 0x1b8: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[48]: 0 ; 0x1bc: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[49]: 0 ; 0x1c0: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[50]: 0 ; 0x1c4: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[51]: 0 ; 0x1c8: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[52]: 0 ; 0x1cc: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.ub4spare[53]: 0 ; 0x1d0: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.acdb.aba.seq: 0 ; 0x1d4: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.acdb.aba.blk: 0 ; 0x1d8: 0x00000000
- kfdhdb.acdb.ents: 0 ; 0x1dc: 0x0000
- kfdhdb.acdb.ub2spare: 0 ; 0x1de: 0x0000
- -bash-4.1$
从上面可以获得很多有意思的信息如：
kfbh.type: 1 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_DISKHEAD（磁盘头）
kfdhdb.dskname: DATAGROUP1_0001 ; 0x028: length=15（磁盘名称啊）
kfdhdb.grpname: DATAGROUP1 ; 0x048: length=10（磁盘组名称啊）
kfdhdb.fgname: DATAGROUP1_0001 ; 0x068: length=15（故障组名称啊）
kfdhdb.secsize: 512 ; 0x0b8: 0x0200（扇区大小啊）
kfdhdb.blksize: 4096 ; 0x0ba: 0x1000（块4k啊）
kfdhdb.ausize: 1048576 ; 0x0bc: 0x00100000（au 1M啊）
。。。。。
disk header之后就是分配表如已经分配的au空闲的au（fst）。
查看第二个块，就是fst
eg：
[sql] view plain copy
- -bash-4.1$ kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2 aun=0 blkn=1|more
- kfbh.endian: 1 ; 0x000: 0x01
- kfbh.hard: 130 ; 0x001: 0x82
- <span style="color:#ff0000;">kfbh.type: 2 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_FREESPC
- </span>kfbh.datfmt: 2 ; 0x003: 0x02
- kfbh.block.blk: 1 ; 0x004: blk=1
- kfbh.block.obj: 2147483649 ; 0x008: disk=1
- kfbh.check: 2189325159 ; 0x00c: 0x827e7367
- kfbh.fcn.base: 57496 ; 0x010: 0x0000e098
- kfbh.fcn.wrap: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
- kfbh.spare1: 0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
- kfbh.spare2: 0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
- kfdfsb.aunum: 0 ; 0x000: 0x00000000
- kfdfsb.max: 254 ; 0x004: 0x00fe
- kfdfsb.cnt: 10 ; 0x006: 0x000a
- kfdfsb.bound: 0 ; 0x008: 0x0000
- kfdfsb.flag: 1 ; 0x00a: B=1
- kfdfsb.ub1spare: 0 ; 0x00b: 0x00
- kfdfsb.spare[0]: 0 ; 0x00c: 0x00000000
- kfdfsb.spare[1]: 0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
- kfdfsb.spare[2]: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
- kfdfse[0].fse: 0 ; 0x018: FREE=0x0 FRAG=0x0
- kfdfse[1].fse: 0 ; 0x019: FREE=0x0 FRAG=0x0
- kfdfse[2].fse: 0 ; 0x01a: FREE=0x0 FRAG=0x0
- kfdfse[3].fse: 119 ; 0x01b: FREE=0x7 FRAG=0x7
- kfdfse[4].fse: 119 ; 0x01c: FREE=0x7 FRAG=0x7
- kfdfse[5].fse: 119 ; 0x01d: FREE=0x7 FRAG=0x7
- kfdfse[6].fse: 119 ; 0x01e: FREE=0x7 FRAG=0x7
- kfdfse[7].fse: 119 ; 0x01f: FREE=0x7 FRAG=0x7
- kfdfse[8].fse: 119 ; 0x020: FREE=0x7 FRAG=0x7
- kfdfse[9].fse: 102 ; 0x021: FREE=0x6 FRAG=0x6
- kfdfse[10].fse: 0 ; 0x022: FREE=0x0 FRAG=0x0
- kfdfse[11].fse: 0 ; 0x023: FREE=0x0 FRAG=0x0
- kfdfse[12].fse: 0 ; 0x024: FREE=0x0 FRAG=0x0
- kfdfse[13].fse: 0 ; 0x025: FREE=0x0 FRAG=0x0
- kfdfse[14].fse: 0 ; 0x026: FREE=0x0 FRAG=0x0
- kfdfse[15].fse: 0 ; 0x027: FREE=0x0 FRAG=0x0
- kfdfse[16].fse: 0 ; 0x028: FREE=0x0 FRAG=0x0
。。。
第三个块开始就是分配的allocation table（at）
eg：
[sql] view plain copy
- -bash-4.1$ kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2 aun=0 blkn=2|more
- kfbh.endian: 1 ; 0x000: 0x01
- kfbh.hard: 130 ; 0x001: 0x82
- <span style="color:#ff0000;">kfbh.type: 3 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_ALLOCTBL
- </span>kfbh.datfmt: 2 ; 0x003: 0x02
- kfbh.block.blk: 2 ; 0x004: blk=2
- kfbh.block.obj: 2147483649 ; 0x008: disk=1
- kfbh.check: 2183618975 ; 0x00c: 0x8227619f
- kfbh.fcn.base: 57496 ; 0x010: 0x0000e098
- kfbh.fcn.wrap: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
- kfbh.spare1: 0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
- kfbh.spare2: 0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
- kfdatb.aunum: 0 ; 0x000: 0x00000000
- kfdatb.shrink: 448 ; 0x004: 0x01c0
- kfdatb.ub2pad: 0 ; 0x006: 0x0000
- kfdatb.auinfo[0].link.next: 8 ; 0x008: 0x0008
- kfdatb.auinfo[0].link.prev: 8 ; 0x00a: 0x0008
- kfdatb.auinfo[1].link.next: 12 ; 0x00c: 0x000c
- kfdatb.auinfo[1].link.prev: 12 ; 0x00e: 0x000c
- kfdatb.auinfo[2].link.next: 16 ; 0x010: 0x0010
- kfdatb.auinfo[2].link.prev: 16 ; 0x012: 0x0010
- kfdatb.auinfo[3].link.next: 20 ; 0x014: 0x0014
- kfdatb.auinfo[3].link.prev: 20 ; 0x016: 0x0014
- kfdatb.auinfo[4].link.next: 24 ; 0x018: 0x0018
- kfdatb.auinfo[4].link.prev: 24 ; 0x01a: 0x0018
- kfdatb.auinfo[5].link.next: 28 ; 0x01c: 0x001c
- kfdatb.auinfo[5].link.prev: 28 ; 0x01e: 0x001c
- kfdatb.auinfo[6].link.next: 32 ; 0x020: 0x0020
- kfdatb.auinfo[6].link.prev: 32 ; 0x022: 0x0020
- kfdatb.spare: 0 ; 0x024: 0x00000000
- kfdate[0].discriminator: 1 ; 0x028: 0x00000001
- kfdate[0].allo.lo: 0 ; 0x028: XNUM=0x0
- kfdate[0].allo.hi: 8388608 ; 0x02c: V=1 I=0 H=0 FNUM=0x0
- kfdate[1].discriminator: 1 ; 0x030: 0x00000001
- kfdate[1].allo.lo: 0 ; 0x030: XNUM=0x0
- kfdate[1].allo.hi: 8388608 ; 0x034: V=1 I=0 H=0 FNUM=0x0
- kfdate[2].discriminator: 1 ; 0x038: 0x00000001
- kfdate[2].allo.lo: 1 ; 0x038: XNUM=0x1
- kfdate[2].allo.hi: 8388609 ; 0x03c: V=1 I=0 H=0 FNUM=0x1
- kfdate[3].discriminator: 1 ; 0x040: 0x00000001
- kfdate[3].allo.lo: 0 ; 0x040: XNUM=0x0
- kfdate[3].allo.hi: 8388610 ; 0x044: V=1 I=0 H=0 FNUM=0x2
- kfdate[4].discriminator: 1 ; 0x048: 0x00000001
- kfdate[4].allo.lo: 2 ; 0x048: XNUM=0x2
- kfdate[4].allo.hi: 8388611 ; 0x04c: V=1 I=0 H=0 FNUM=0x3
- kfdate[5].discriminator: 1 ; 0x050: 0x00000001
- --More--
at是记录磁盘分配au的情况，fst是记录未分配au的情况，另外还有pst是记录磁盘成员之间的伙伴关系，另外还有保存磁盘心跳的信息，避免被不同集群挂载。
eg：
[sql] view plain copy
- -bash-4.1$ kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2 aun=1 blkn=0|more
- kfbh.endian: 1 ; 0x000: 0x01
- kfbh.hard: 130 ; 0x001: 0x82
- <span style="color:#ff0000;">kfbh.type: 17 ; 0x002: KFBTYP_PST_META
- </span>kfbh.datfmt: 2 ; 0x003: 0x02
- kfbh.block.blk: 256 ; 0x004: blk=256
- kfbh.block.obj: 2147483649 ; 0x008: disk=1
- kfbh.check: 3833865074 ; 0x00c: 0xe4842372
- kfbh.fcn.base: 0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
- kfbh.fcn.wrap: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
- kfbh.spare1: 0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
- kfbh.spare2: 0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.time.hi:33000821 ; 0x000: HOUR=0x15 DAYS=0xb MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7de
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.time.lo:1833184256 ; 0x004: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x10b SECS=0x14 MINS=0x1b
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.last: 32 ; 0x008: 0x00000020
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.next: 32 ; 0x00c: 0x00000020
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.copyCnt: 3 ; 0x010: 0x03
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.version: 1 ; 0x011: 0x01
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.ub2spare: 0 ; 0x012: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.incarn: 4 ; 0x014: 0x00000004
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.copy[0]: 1 ; 0x018: 0x0001
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.copy[1]: 2 ; 0x01a: 0x0002
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.copy[2]: 3 ; 0x01c: 0x0003
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.copy[3]: 0 ; 0x01e: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.copy[4]: 0 ; 0x020: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.super.dtaSz: 4 ; 0x022: 0x0004
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.asmCompat:186646528 ; 0x024: 0x0b200000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.newCopy[0]: 0 ; 0x028: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.newCopy[1]: 0 ; 0x02a: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.newCopy[2]: 0 ; 0x02c: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.newCopy[3]: 0 ; 0x02e: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.newCopy[4]: 0 ; 0x030: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.newCopyCnt: 0 ; 0x032: 0x00
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.contType: 1 ; 0x033: 0x01
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.spare0: 0 ; 0x034: 0x00000000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.ppat[0]: 0 ; 0x038: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.ppat[1]: 0 ; 0x03a: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.ppat[2]: 0 ; 0x03c: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.ppat[3]: 0 ; 0x03e: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.ppatsz: 0 ; 0x040: 0x00
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.spare1: 0 ; 0x041: 0x00
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.spare2: 0 ; 0x042: 0x0000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.spares[0]: 0 ; 0x044: 0x00000000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.spares[1]: 0 ; 0x048: 0x00000000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.spares[2]: 0 ; 0x04c: 0x00000000
- kfdpHdrPairBv1.first.spares[3]: 0 ; 0x050: 0x00000000
。。。。
第二个au的最后一个块，1024/4=255+1(因取0故丢1），恰恰存在了磁盘心态，避免了脑裂方式一种补偿。
eg：
[sql] view plain copy
- -bash-4.1$ kfed read /dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2 aun=1 blkn=255|more
- kfbh.endian: 1 ; 0x000: 0x01
- kfbh.hard: 130 ; 0x001: 0x82
- kfbh.type: 19 ; 0x002: <span style="color:#ff0000;">KFBTYP_HBEAT
- </span>kfbh.datfmt: 2 ; 0x003: 0x02
- kfbh.block.blk: 511 ; 0x004: blk=511
- kfbh.block.obj: 2147483649 ; 0x008: disk=1
- kfbh.check: 1571693689 ; 0x00c: 0x5dae2479
- kfbh.fcn.base: 0 ; 0x010: 0x00000000
- kfbh.fcn.wrap: 0 ; 0x014: 0x00000000
- kfbh.spare1: 0 ; 0x018: 0x00000000
- kfbh.spare2: 0 ; 0x01c: 0x00000000
- <span style="color:#ff0000;">kfdpHbeatB</span>.instance: 1 ; 0x000: 0x00000001
- kfdpHbeatB.ts.hi: 33000823 ; 0x004: HOUR=0x17 DAYS=0xb MNTH=0x3 YEAR=0x7de
- kfdpHbeatB.ts.lo: 2141339648 ; 0x008: USEC=0x0 MSEC=0x90 SECS=0x3a MINS=0x1f
- <span style="color:#ff0000;">kfdpHbeatB</span>.rnd[0]: 1286604410 ; 0x00c: 0x4cb0067a
- k<span style="color:#ff0000;">fdpHbeatB</span>.rnd[1]: 735447844 ; 0x010: 0x2bd60b24
- kfdpHbeatB.rnd[2]: 3112551355 ; 0x014: 0xb985c3bb
- kfdpHbeatB.rnd[3]: 2131469333 ; 0x018: 0x7f0ba415
- -bash-4.1$
既然磁盘的磁头源数据这么重要，那么在11G开始就有了md_backup和md_restore对元数据进行备份和恢复的方式：
eg：
-bash-4.1$ asmcmd -p
ASMCMD [+] > help md_backup
md_backup
The md_backup command creates a backup file containing metadata
for one or more disk groups.
Volume and Oracle Automatic Storage Management Cluster File System
(Oracle ACFS) file system information is not backed up.
md_backup backup_file [-G diskgroup [,diskgroup,...]]
The options for the md_backup command are described below.
backup_file - Specifies the backup file in which you want to
store the metadata.
-G diskgroup - Specifies the disk group name of the disk group
that must be backed up
By default all the mounted disk groups are included in the backup file,
which is saved in the current working directory.
The first example shows the use of the backup command when you run it
without the disk group option. This example backs up all of the mounted
disk groups and creates the backup image in the current working
directory. The second example creates a backup of disk group DATA and
FRA. The backup that this example creates is saved in the
/tmp/dgbackup20090716 file.
ASMCMD [+] > md_backup /tmp/dgbackup20090716
ASMCMD [+] > md_backup /tmp/dgbackup20090716 -G DATA,FRA
Disk group metadata to be backed up: DATA
Disk group metadata to be backed up: FRA
Current alias directory path: ASM/ASMPARAMETERFILE
Current alias directory path: ORCL/DATAFILE
Current alias directory path: ORCL/TEMPFILE
Current alias directory path: ORCL/CONTROLFILE
Current alias directory path: ORCL/PARAMETERFILE
Current alias directory path: ASM
Current alias directory path: ORCL/ONLINELOG
Current alias directory path: ORCL
Current alias directory path: ORCL/CONTROLFILE
Current alias directory path: ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2009_07_13
Current alias directory path: ORCL/BACKUPSET/2009_07_14
Current alias directory path: ORCL/ARCHIVELOG/2009_07_14
Current alias directory path: ORCL
Current alias directory path: ORCL/DATAFILE
Current alias directory path: ORCL/ARCHIVELOG
Current alias directory path: ORCL/BACKUPSET
Current alias directory path: ORCL/ONLINELOG
查看帮助已经写了非常的详细，例子也有，现在就开始对元数据进行备份：
首先备份全部磁盘组元数据：
eg：
[sql] view plain copy
- ASMCMD [+] > md_backup /tmp/dgback_rhys
- Disk group metadata to be backed up: DATAGROUP1
- Disk group metadata to be backed up: DATAGROUP2
- Disk group metadata to be backed up: DATAGROUP3
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_05
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/AUTOBACKUP/2014_01_13
- Current alias directory path: RHYS
- Current alias directory path: DUMMY/PARAMETERFILE
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/FLASHBACK
- Current alias directory path: ASM
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/AUTOBACKUP/2013_12_12
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_10
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/TEMPFILE
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/CONTROLFILE
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_02_24
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_06
- Current alias directory path: ASM/ASMPARAMETERFILE
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_11
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/AUTOBACKUP
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_02_23
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/DATAFILE
- Current alias directory path: DUMMY
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_02_25
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ONLINELOG
如果需要备份指定磁盘组的元数据需要使用-G参数：
eg：
[sql] view plain copy
- ASMCMD [+] > md_backup /tmp/datagroup1_metadata_bak -G datagroup1
- Disk group metadata to be backed up: DATAGROUP1
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_05
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/AUTOBACKUP/2014_01_13
- Current alias directory path: RHYS
- Current alias directory path: DUMMY/PARAMETERFILE
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/FLASHBACK
- Current alias directory path: ASM
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/AUTOBACKUP/2013_12_12
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_10
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/TEMPFILE
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/CONTROLFILE
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_02_24
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_06
- Current alias directory path: ASM/ASMPARAMETERFILE
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/AUTOBACKUP
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_11
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_02_23
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/DATAFILE
- Current alias directory path: DUMMY
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_02_25
- Current alias directory path: RHYS/ONLINELOG
- ASMCMD [+] > exit
- -bash-4.1$ cd /tmp
- -bash-4.1$ ls -l
- total 168
- -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 20825 Mar 11 22:52 datagroup1_metadata_bak
- -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 43275 Mar 11 22:51 dgback_rhys
- drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Feb 10 16:17 keyring-2K68nK
- drwx------ 2 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 10 22:24 keyring-A0oM7y
- drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Feb 8 15:45 keyring-KWIBiM
- drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Feb 10 16:08 keyring-sNYqVr
- drwx------ 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Mar 10 22:24 keyring-SRn3Bp
- drwx------ 2 root root 16384 Dec 2 00:19 lost+found
- -rw-r--r-- 1 grid oinstall 43275 Mar 11 22:47 oracledgbackup
- drwx------ 2 root root 4096 Feb 10 16:17 pulse-LeoMkmUKAZsW
- drwx------ 2 gdm gdm 4096 Mar 10 21:08 pulse-meUziInFt6tt
- drwx------ 2 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 10 22:26 pulse-tToPdZjzVK1H
- drwx------ 2 grid oinstall 4096 Mar 10 21:08 virtual-grid.pJx8gu
- drwx------ 2 oracle oinstall 4096 Mar 10 20:38 virtual-oracle.vdM37e
查看备份的元数据，其实就是磁盘组、磁盘名啊、路径啊等信息
eg：
[html] view plain copy
- -bash-4.1$ more datagroup1_metadata_bak
- @diskgroup_set = (
- {
- 'ATTRINFO' => {
- '_._DIRVERSION' => '11.2.0.0.0',
- 'COMPATIBLE.ASM' => '11.2.0.0.0',
- 'COMPATIBLE.RDBMS' => '11.2.0.0.0'
- },
- 'DISKSINFO' => {
- 'DATAGROUP1_0003' => {
- 'DATAGROUP1_0003' => {
- 'TOTAL_MB' => '4094',
- 'FAILGROUP' => 'DATAGROUP1_0003',
- 'NAME' => 'DATAGROUP1_0003',
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'PATH' => '/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK4'
- }
- },
- 'DATAGROUP1_0001' => {
- 'DATAGROUP1_0001' => {
- 'TOTAL_MB' => '4094',
- 'FAILGROUP' => 'DATAGROUP1_0001',
- 'NAME' => 'DATAGROUP1_0001',
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'PATH' => '/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK2'
- }
- },
- 'DATAGROUP1_0002' => {
- 'DATAGROUP1_0002' => {
- 'TOTAL_MB' => '4094',
- 'FAILGROUP' => 'DATAGROUP1_0002',
- 'NAME' => 'DATAGROUP1_0002',
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'PATH' => '/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK3'
- }
- },
- 'DATAGROUP1_0000' => {
- 'DATAGROUP1_0000' => {
- 'TOTAL_MB' => '4094',
- 'FAILGROUP' => 'DATAGROUP1_0000',
- 'NAME' => 'DATAGROUP1_0000',
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'PATH' => '/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK1'
- }
- }
- },
- 'DGINFO' => {
- 'DGTORESTORE' => 0,
- 'DGCOMPAT' => '11.2.0.0.0',
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'DGDBCOMPAT' => '11.2.0.0.0',
- 'DGTYPE' => 'NORMAL',
- 'DGAUSZ' => '1048576'
- },
- 'ALIASINFO' => {
- '11' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 1,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'ASM/ASMPARAMETERFILE',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777322'
- },
- '7' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 1,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/TEMPFILE',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777852'
- },
- '2' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 0,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'DUMMY',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777534'
- },
- '17' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 2,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_10',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16778064'
- },
- '1' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 0,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777375'
- },
- '18' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 2,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_11',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16778117'
- },
- '0' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 0,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'ASM',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777269'
- },
- '16' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 2,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_06',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16778753'
- },
- '13' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 2,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_02_24',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16778912'
- },
- '6' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 1,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/ONLINELOG',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777481'
- },
- '3' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 1,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'DUMMY/PARAMETERFILE',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777587'
- },
- '9' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 1,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/AUTOBACKUP',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777799'
- },
- '12' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 2,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_02_23',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16778965'
- },
- '20' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 2,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/AUTOBACKUP/2014_01_13',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16778435'
- },
- '15' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 2,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_03_05',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16778806'
- },
- '14' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 2,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/ARCHIVELOG/2014_02_25',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16778859'
- },
- '8' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 1,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/ARCHIVELOG',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16778700'
- },
- '4' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 1,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/CONTROLFILE',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777640'
- },
- '10' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 1,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/FLASHBACK',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16778594'
- },
- '19' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 2,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/AUTOBACKUP/2013_12_12',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777905'
- },
- '5' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'LEVEL' => 1,
- 'ALIASNAME' => 'RHYS/DATAFILE',
- 'REFERENCE_INDEX' => '16777428'
- }
- },
- 'TEMPLATEINFO' => {
- '11' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'AUTOBACKUP',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '7' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'PARAMETERFILE',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '2' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'ARCHIVELOG',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '1' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'OCRFILE',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '0' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'DATAFILE',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '16' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'ONLINELOG',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '13' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'CHANGETRACKING',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '6' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'ASMPARAMETERFILE',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '3' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'FLASHFILE',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '9' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'BACKUPSET',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '12' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'XTRANSPORT',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '15' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'DATAGUARDCONFIG',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '14' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'FLASHBACK',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '8' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'TEMPFILE',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '4' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'FINE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'CONTROLFILE',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'HIGH',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '10' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'XTRANSPORT BACKUPSET',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- },
- '5' => {
- 'DGNAME' => 'DATAGROUP1',
- 'STRIPE' => 'COARSE',
- 'TEMPNAME' => 'DUMPSET',
- 'REDUNDANCY' => 'MIRROR',
- 'SYSTEM' => 'Y'
- }
- }
- }
- );
- -bash-4.1$
删除磁盘组datagroup2 ，然后进行恢复：（此恢复仅仅是对应磁盘组来说的，而不是对应里面的数据，数据的恢复需要使用rman还原哦！——）
eg：
首先看一下md_restore帮助：
ASMCMD [+] > help md_restore
md_restore
This command restores a disk group metadata backup.
md_restore backup_file [--silent][--full|--nodg|--newdg -o 'old_diskgroup:new_diskgroup [,...]'][-S sql_script_file] [-G 'diskgroup [,diskgroup...]']
The options for the md_restore command are described below.
backup_file - Reads the metadata information from
backup_file.
--silent - Ignore errors. Normally, if md_restore
encounters an error, it will stop.
Specifying this flag ignores any errors.
--full - Specifies to create a disk group and restore
metadata.
--nodg - Specifies to restore metadata only.
--newdg -o old_diskgroup:new_diskgroup - Specifies to create a disk
group with a different name when restoring
metadata. The -o option is required
with --newdg.
-S sql_script_file - Write SQL commands to the specified SQL
script file instead of executing the commands.
-G diskgroup - Select the disk groups to be restored.
If no disk groups are defined, then all
disk groups will be restored.
The first example restores the disk group DATA from the backup script
and creates a copy. The second example takes an existing disk group
DATA and restores its metadata. The third example restores disk group
DATA completely but the new disk group that is created is called DATA2.
The fourth example restores from the backup file after applying the
overrides defined in the override.sql script file
ASMCMD [+] > md_restore --full -G data --silent /tmp/dgbackup20090714
ASMCMD [+] > md_restore --nodg -G data --silent /tmp/dgbackup20090714
ASMCMD [+] > md_restore --newdg -o 'data:data2' --silent /tmp/dgbackup20090714
ASMCMD [+] > md_restore -S override.sql --silent /tmp/dgbackup20090714
开始恢复：
eg：
[sql] view plain copy
- ASMCMD [+] > md_restore --full -G datagroup1 --silent /tmp/datagroup1_metadata_bak
- Current Diskgroup metadata being restored: DATAGROUP1
- ASMCMD-9352: CREATE DISKGROUP failed
- ORA-15018: diskgroup cannot be created
- ORA-15030: diskgroup name "DATAGROUP1" is in use by another diskgroup (DBD ERROR: OCIStmtExecute)
- ASMCMD [+] > host;
提示磁盘组不能在线，删掉在做
[sql] view plain copy
- -bash-4.1$ sqlplus / as sysasm
- SQL*Plus: Release 11.2.0.4.0 Production on Tue Mar 11 23:03:29 2014
- Copyright (c) 1982, 2013, Oracle. All rights reserved.
- Connected to:
- Oracle Database 11g Enterprise Edition Release 11.2.0.4.0 - 64bit Production
- With the Automatic Storage Management option
- SQL> select group_number,name,state,type from v$asm_diskgroup order by 1;
- GROUP_NUMBER NAME STATE TYPE
- ------------ ------------------------------ ----------- ------
- 1 DATAGROUP1 MOUNTED NORMAL
- 2 DATAGROUP2 MOUNTED NORMAL
- 3 DATAGROUP3 MOUNTED NORMAL
- SQL> drop diskgroup datagroup2 including contents;
- Diskgroup dropped.
- SQL> exit
恢复datagroup2：
eg：
[sql] view plain copy
- ASMCMD [+] > md_restore --full -G datagroup2 /tmp/dgback_rhys
- Current Diskgroup metadata being restored: DATAGROUP2
- Diskgroup DATAGROUP2 created!
- System template FLASHBACK modified!
- System template PARAMETERFILE modified!
- System template ARCHIVELOG modified!
- System template ONLINELOG modified!
- System template DATAFILE modified!
- System template BACKUPSET modified!
- System template XTRANSPORT modified!
- System template ASMPARAMETERFILE modified!
- System template FLASHFILE modified!
- System template OCRFILE modified!
- System template CHANGETRACKING modified!
- System template XTRANSPORT BACKUPSET modified!
- System template AUTOBACKUP modified!
- System template TEMPFILE modified!
- System template CONTROLFILE modified!
- System template DATAGUARDCONFIG modified!
- System template DUMPSET modified!
- ASMCMD [+] > lsdg
- State Type Rebal Sector Block AU Total_MB Free_MB Req_mir_free_MB Usable_file_MB Offline_disks Voting_files Name
- MOUNTED NORMAL N 512 4096 1048576 16376 9758 4094 2832 0 N DATAGROUP1/
- MOUNTED NORMAL N 512 4096 1048576 8188 8086 0 4043 0 N DATAGROUP2/
- MOUNTED NORMAL N 512 4096 1048576 4076 3966 1019 1473 0 N DATAGROUP3/
- ASMCMD [+] >
可以将恢复过程生成一个脚本而不是执行恢复需要使用-S参数
eg：
[sql] view plain copy
- ASMCMD [+] > md_restore --full -G datagroup2 -S res_datagroup2.sql /tmp/dgback_rhys
- Current Diskgroup metadata being restored: DATAGROUP2
- ASMCMD [+] > exit
- -bash-4.1$ more res_datagroup2.sql
- create diskgroup DATAGROUP2 NORMAL redundancy failgroup FG2 disk '/dev/oracleasm/disks/ASMDISK6' name DATAGROUP2_0002 size 4094M failgroup DATAGROUP2_0001 disk '/dev/o
- racleasm/disks/ASMDISK5' name DATAGROUP2_0001 size 4094M ;
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "FLASHBACK" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "PARAMETERFILE" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "ARCHIVELOG" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "ONLINELOG" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "DATAFILE" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "BACKUPSET" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "XTRANSPORT" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "ASMPARAMETERFILE" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "FLASHFILE" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "OCRFILE" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "CHANGETRACKING" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "XTRANSPORT BACKUPSET" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "AUTOBACKUP" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "TEMPFILE" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "CONTROLFILE" attributes (HIGH FINE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "DATAGUARDCONFIG" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
- alter diskgroup /*ASMCMD AMBR*/DATAGROUP2 alter template "DUMPSET" attributes (MIRROR COARSE);
可见元数据的恢复就是一些create 命令啊，alter命令啊。
that‘s all！
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