android网络访问之HttpURLConnection vs OkHttp
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首先HttpURLConnection是原生的android网络访问的API，而OkHttp则是第三方的包；
其次，测试发现这两种方法，如果是广泛认可的证书所认证的https网址，可以正常获取到，如果是比较小众的，也就是相当于代码里没有备案的证书，则访问不到。
1、HttpURLConnection的使用：
<1>基本用法：
package zjava.data.request;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.DataOutputStream;import java.io.InputStream;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.URL;import java.net.URLEncoder;import java.util.HashMap;import zjava.sysutil.Common;import android.util.Log;/** * 原生的网络请求 * 使用网络类必须要在Manifest里面添加： * <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> * @author wzj * */public class HttpUrlConn {public static void requestGet(String baseUrl,HashMap<String, String> paramsMap) {// 如果有参数的话，并且忘记了?则给加上if(baseUrl != null && !baseUrl.endsWith("?") && !paramsMap.isEmpty())baseUrl = baseUrl+"?";HttpUrlConn conn = new HttpUrlConn();new Thread(conn.new HttpRequestGetRunnable(baseUrl, paramsMap)).start(); }public static void requestPost(String baseUrl,HashMap<String, String> paramsMap) { HttpUrlConn conn = new HttpUrlConn(); new Thread(conn.new HttpRequestPostRunnable(baseUrl, paramsMap)).start(); }/** * 将输入流转换成字符串 * * @param is 从网络获取的输入流 * @return */ public static String streamToString(InputStream is) { try { ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) { baos.write(buffer, 0, len); } baos.close(); is.close(); byte[] byteArray = baos.toByteArray(); return new String(byteArray); } catch (Exception e) { Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, e.toString()); return null; } } class HttpRequestGetRunnable implements Runnable { private String baseUrl; private HashMap<String, String> paramsMap; public HttpRequestGetRunnable(String baseUrl,HashMap<String, String> paramsMap) { this.baseUrl = baseUrl; this.paramsMap = paramsMap; } @Overridepublic void run() {try{StringBuilder tempParams = new StringBuilder(); int pos = 0; for (String key : paramsMap.keySet()) { if (pos > 0) { tempParams.append("&"); } tempParams.append(String.format("%s=%s", key, URLEncoder.encode(paramsMap.get(key),"utf-8"))); pos++; } String requestUrl = baseUrl + tempParams.toString(); // 新建一个URL对象 URL url = new URL(requestUrl); // 打开一个HttpURLConnection连接 HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); // 设置连接主机超时时间 urlConn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); //设置从主机读取数据超时 urlConn.setReadTimeout(5 * 1000); // 设置是否使用缓存 默认是true urlConn.setUseCaches(true); // 设置为Post请求 urlConn.setRequestMethod("GET"); //urlConn设置请求头信息 //设置请求中的媒体类型信息。 //urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json"); //设置客户端与服务连接类型 urlConn.addRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive"); // 开始连接 urlConn.connect(); // 判断请求是否成功 if (urlConn.getResponseCode() == 200) { // 获取返回的数据 String result = streamToString(urlConn.getInputStream()); Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, "Get方式请求成功，result--->" + result); } else { Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, "Get方式请求失败"); } // 关闭连接 urlConn.disconnect();}catch(Exception e){Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, e.toString());}} } class HttpRequestPostRunnable implements Runnable { private String baseUrl; private HashMap<String, String> paramsMap; public HttpRequestPostRunnable(String baseUrl,HashMap<String, String> paramsMap) { this.baseUrl = baseUrl; this.paramsMap = paramsMap; } @Overridepublic void run() {try { //合成参数 StringBuilder tempParams = new StringBuilder(); int pos = 0; for (String key : paramsMap.keySet()) { if (pos > 0) { tempParams.append("&"); } tempParams.append(String.format("%s=%s", key, URLEncoder.encode(paramsMap.get(key),"utf-8"))); pos++; } String params =tempParams.toString(); // 请求的参数转换为byte数组 byte[] postData = params.getBytes(); // 新建一个URL对象 URL url = new URL(baseUrl); // 打开一个HttpURLConnection连接 HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); // 设置连接超时时间 urlConn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); //设置从主机读取数据超时 urlConn.setReadTimeout(5 * 1000); // Post请求必须设置允许输出 默认false urlConn.setDoOutput(true); //设置请求允许输入 默认是true urlConn.setDoInput(true); // Post请求不能使用缓存 urlConn.setUseCaches(false); // 设置为Post请求 urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST"); //设置本次连接是否自动处理重定向 urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true); // 配置请求Content-Type //urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json"); // 开始连接 urlConn.connect(); // 发送请求参数 DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream()); dos.write(postData); dos.flush(); dos.close(); // 判断请求是否成功 if (urlConn.getResponseCode() == 200) { // 获取返回的数据 String result = streamToString(urlConn.getInputStream()); Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, "Post方式请求成功，result--->" + result); } else { Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, "Post方式请求失败"); } // 关闭连接 urlConn.disconnect(); } catch (Exception e) { Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, e.toString()); }} }}这里参考了大神的文章，原文链接：
http://www.cnblogs.com/whoislcj/p/5520384.html
调用：
HttpUrlConn.requestPost("http://yourdomain.com/push_url", new HashMap<String, String>());//post调用不带参数也要new一个mapget也一样，把函数换成requestGet就可以了。
<2>封装并且添加https支持
package zjava.data.request;import java.io.ByteArrayOutputStream;import java.io.DataOutputStream;import java.io.InputStream;import java.net.HttpURLConnection;import java.net.URL;import java.net.URLEncoder;import java.security.SecureRandom;import java.security.cert.CertificateException;import java.security.cert.X509Certificate;import java.util.HashMap;import javax.net.ssl.HostnameVerifier;import javax.net.ssl.HttpsURLConnection;import javax.net.ssl.SSLContext;import javax.net.ssl.SSLSession;import javax.net.ssl.TrustManager;import javax.net.ssl.X509TrustManager;import zjava.sysutil.Common;import android.os.Handler;import android.os.Looper;import android.util.Log;/** * 原生的网络请求 * 使用网络类必须要在Manifest里面添加： * <uses-permission android:name="android.permission.INTERNET" /> * @author wzj * */public class HttpUrlConn {public static void requestGet(String baseUrl,HashMap<String, String> paramsMap,ResultCallback callback) {// 如果有参数的话，并且忘记了?则给加上if(baseUrl != null && !baseUrl.endsWith("?") && !paramsMap.isEmpty())baseUrl = baseUrl+"?";HttpUrlConn conn = new HttpUrlConn();new Thread(conn.new HttpRequestGetRunnable(baseUrl, paramsMap,callback)).start(); }public static void requestPost(String baseUrl,HashMap<String, String> paramsMap,ResultCallback callback) { HttpUrlConn conn = new HttpUrlConn(); new Thread(conn.new HttpRequestPostRunnable(baseUrl, paramsMap,callback)).start(); }/** * 将输入流转换成字符串 * * @param is 从网络获取的输入流 * @return */ public static String streamToString(InputStream is) { try { ByteArrayOutputStream baos = new ByteArrayOutputStream(); byte[] buffer = new byte[1024]; int len = 0; while ((len = is.read(buffer)) != -1) { baos.write(buffer, 0, len); } baos.close(); is.close(); byte[] byteArray = baos.toByteArray(); return new String(byteArray); } catch (Exception e) { Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, e.toString()); return null; } } class HttpRequestGetRunnable implements Runnable { private String baseUrl; private HashMap<String, String> paramsMap; private ResultCallback callback; private Handler handler; public HttpRequestGetRunnable(String baseUrl,HashMap<String, String> paramsMap,ResultCallback callback) { this.baseUrl = baseUrl; this.paramsMap = paramsMap; this.callback = callback; handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()); } @Overridepublic void run() {try{StringBuilder tempParams = new StringBuilder(); int pos = 0; for (String key : paramsMap.keySet()) { if (pos > 0) { tempParams.append("&"); } tempParams.append(String.format("%s=%s", key, URLEncoder.encode(paramsMap.get(key),"utf-8"))); pos++; } String requestUrl = baseUrl + tempParams.toString(); // 新建一个URL对象 URL url = new URL(requestUrl); //设置https SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); sc.init(null, new TrustManager[]{new MyTrustManager()},new SecureRandom()); HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory()); HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new MyHostnameVerifier()); // 打开一个HttpURLConnection连接 HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); // 设置连接主机超时时间 urlConn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); //设置从主机读取数据超时 urlConn.setReadTimeout(5 * 1000); // 设置是否使用缓存 默认是true urlConn.setUseCaches(true); // 设置为Post请求 urlConn.setRequestMethod("GET"); //urlConn设置请求头信息 //设置请求中的媒体类型信息。 //urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json"); //设置客户端与服务连接类型 urlConn.addRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive"); // 开始连接 urlConn.connect(); // 判断请求是否成功 if (urlConn.getResponseCode() == 200) { // 获取返回的数据 final String result = streamToString(urlConn.getInputStream()); handler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {callback.onResponse(result);}}); } else { handler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {callback.onError("Get方式请求失败");}}); } // 关闭连接 urlConn.disconnect();}catch(final Exception e){handler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {callback.onError(e.toString());}});}} } class HttpRequestPostRunnable implements Runnable { private String baseUrl; private HashMap<String, String> paramsMap; private ResultCallback callback; private Handler handler; public HttpRequestPostRunnable(String baseUrl,HashMap<String, String> paramsMap,ResultCallback callback) { this.baseUrl = baseUrl; this.paramsMap = paramsMap; this.callback = callback; handler = new Handler(Looper.getMainLooper()); } @Overridepublic void run() {try { //合成参数 StringBuilder tempParams = new StringBuilder(); int pos = 0; for (String key : paramsMap.keySet()) { if (pos > 0) { tempParams.append("&"); } tempParams.append(String.format("%s=%s", key, URLEncoder.encode(paramsMap.get(key),"utf-8"))); pos++; } String params =tempParams.toString(); // 请求的参数转换为byte数组 byte[] postData = params.getBytes(); // 新建一个URL对象 URL url = new URL(baseUrl); //设置https SSLContext sc = SSLContext.getInstance("TLS"); sc.init(null, new TrustManager[]{new MyTrustManager()},new SecureRandom()); HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultSSLSocketFactory(sc.getSocketFactory()); HttpsURLConnection.setDefaultHostnameVerifier(new MyHostnameVerifier()); // 打开一个HttpURLConnection连接 HttpURLConnection urlConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection(); // 设置连接超时时间 urlConn.setConnectTimeout(5 * 1000); //设置从主机读取数据超时 urlConn.setReadTimeout(5 * 1000); // Post请求必须设置允许输出 默认false urlConn.setDoOutput(true); //设置请求允许输入 默认是true urlConn.setDoInput(true); // Post请求不能使用缓存 urlConn.setUseCaches(false); // 设置为Post请求 urlConn.setRequestMethod("POST"); //设置本次连接是否自动处理重定向 urlConn.setInstanceFollowRedirects(true); // 配置请求Content-Type //urlConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json"); // 开始连接 urlConn.connect(); // 发送请求参数 DataOutputStream dos = new DataOutputStream(urlConn.getOutputStream()); dos.write(postData); dos.flush(); dos.close(); // 判断请求是否成功 if (urlConn.getResponseCode() == 200) { // 获取返回的数据 final String result = streamToString(urlConn.getInputStream()); handler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {callback.onResponse(result);}}); } else { handler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {callback.onError("Post方式请求失败");}}); } // 关闭连接 urlConn.disconnect(); } catch (final Exception e) { Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, e.toString()); handler.post(new Runnable() {@Overridepublic void run() {callback.onError(e.toString());}}); }} } private class MyHostnameVerifier implements HostnameVerifier{ @Override public boolean verify(String hostname, SSLSession session) { return true; }} private class MyTrustManager implements X509TrustManager{ @Override public X509Certificate[] getAcceptedIssuers() { return null; }@Overridepublic void checkClientTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0,String arg1) throws CertificateException {}@Overridepublic void checkServerTrusted(X509Certificate[] arg0,String arg1) throws CertificateException {}}public static abstract class ResultCallback { public abstract void onError(String e); public abstract void onResponse(String response); }}调用：
HttpUrlConn.requestPost("https://yourdomain.com", new HashMap<String, String>(), new HttpUrlConn.ResultCallback() {@Overridepublic void onResponse(String response) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubLog.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, "Post方式请求成功，result--->" + response);//Toast.makeText(context, "hello world!", Toast.LENGTH_LONG);}@Overridepublic void onError(String e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubLog.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, e);}});2、OkHttp基础用法
<1>下载okhttp和他所依赖的okio的jar包，放到libs里面
<2>get和post请求代码如下：
package zjava.data.request;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.HashMap;import java.util.Iterator;import java.util.Map;import zjava.sysutil.Common;import android.util.Log;import com.squareup.okhttp.Call;import com.squareup.okhttp.Callback;import com.squareup.okhttp.FormEncodingBuilder;import com.squareup.okhttp.OkHttpClient;import com.squareup.okhttp.Request;import com.squareup.okhttp.RequestBody;import com.squareup.okhttp.Response;public class OkHttpConn {public static void requestGet(String url){//创建okHttpClient对象OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();//创建一个Requestfinal Request request = new Request.Builder() .url(url) .build();//new callCall call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request); //请求加入调度call.enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(Request request, IOException exception) {Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, "失败");}@Overridepublic void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, response.body().string());} }); }public static void requestPost(String url,HashMap<String, String> params){//创建OkHttpClient对象OkHttpClient mOkHttpClient = new OkHttpClient();//通过FormEncodingBuilder对象添加多个请求参数键值对FormEncodingBuilder builder = new FormEncodingBuilder();Iterator iterator = params.entrySet().iterator();while(iterator.hasNext()){Map.Entry<String,String> entry = (Map.Entry) iterator.next();builder.add(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());}//通过FormEncodingBuilder对象构造Post请求体RequestBody body = builder.build();//通过请求地址和请求体构造Post请求对象RequestRequest request = new Request.Builder().url(url).post(body).build();// 下面一样Call call = mOkHttpClient.newCall(request); //请求加入调度call.enqueue(new Callback() {@Overridepublic void onFailure(Request request, IOException exception) {Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, "失败");}@Overridepublic void onResponse(Response response) throws IOException {Log.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, response.body().string());} }); }}调用方法很简单这里就不说了。
3、okhttp的再次封装
参见大神写的，我直接拿来用了：
教程：
http://blog.csdn.net/lmj623565791/article/details/47911083
代码：
https://github.com/hongyangAndroid/okhttputils
注意：
<1>要使用这个代码需要添加2个类，一个是主要的类OkHttpClientManager，另一个是里面用到的ImageUtils，其他的可以不管。
<2>由于这个类用到了google的json解析工具，所以要导入Gson类库。
<3>这样使用：
get->
OkHttpClientManager.getAsyn("http://yourdomain.com/push_url",new OkHttpClientManager.ResultCallback<String>() {@Overridepublic void onError(Request request, Exception e) {}@Overridepublic void onResponse(String response) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubLog.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, response);}});post->
HashMap<String, String> params = new HashMap<String, String>(); params.put("m", "p"); params.put("k", "myvalue"); OkHttpClientManager.postAsyn("http://yourdomain.com/push_url", new OkHttpClientManager.ResultCallback<String>() {@Overridepublic void onError(Request request, Exception e) {// TODO Auto-generated method stub}@Overridepublic void onResponse(String response) {// TODO Auto-generated method stubLog.v(Common.MSG_ZJAVA, response);}}, params); 0 0
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