SpringMVC缓存管理及配置Ehcache缓存

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在进行Ehcache学习之前,最好对Spring自带的缓存管理有一个总体的认识。

这里用的是SpringMVC-3.2.4和Ehcache-2.7.4


介绍二者集成之前,先介绍下GoogleCode上的ehcache-spring-annotations项目


/**      * ehcache-spring-annotations简介      * @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------      * @see 关于Spring与Ehcache的集成,googlecode上有一个经Apache认证的开源项目叫做ehcache-spring-annotations      * @see 目前已经到了1.2.0版本,它只是简化了Spring和Ehcache集成的复杂性(事实上我觉得完全没必要,因为它俩集成并不复杂)      * @see 尽管如此还是要提一下,它的项目主页为https://code.google.com/p/ehcache-spring-annotations/      * @see 这篇文章中描述了其用法http://blog.goyello.com/2010/07/29/quick-start-with-ehcache-annotations-for-spring/      * @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------      * @see 1)使用时在项目中引入ehcache-spring-annotations-1.2.0.jar和guava-r09.jar两个jar文件      * @see 2)然后在applicationContext.xml按照如下配置      * @see   <beans xmlns:ehcache="http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring"      * @see         xsi:schemaLocation="http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring      * @see         http://ehcache-spring-annotations.googlecode.com/svn/schema/ehcache-spring/ehcache-spring-1.2.xsd">      * @see   <ehcache:annotation-driven/>      * @see   <ehcache:config cache-manager="cacheManager">      * @see       <ehcache:evict-expired-elements interval="60"/>      * @see   </ehcache:config>      * @see   <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean">      * @see       <property name="configLocation" value="classpath:ehcache.xml"/>      * @see   </bean>      * @see 3)最后在需要缓存的方法上使用@Cacheable和@TriggersRemove注解即可      * @see   经我亲测,@TriggersRemove(cacheName="..", when="..", removeAll=true)可移除缓存中的全部对象      * @see   但若写成@TriggersRemove(cacheName="..", when="..")则不会移除缓存中的单一的或所有的对象,即缓存中的对象无变化      * @see ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------      *      * @author 李飞<http://blog.csdn.net/lifeifei2010/article/details/61921396>      */


下面开始罗列示例代码,首先是web.xml

两种模式自己根据框架选择:

第一种是资源文件包中采用classpath

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>      <web-app version="2.5"          xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"          xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"          xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee          http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd">          <!-- SpringMVC核心分发器 -->          <servlet>              <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>              <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>              <init-param>                  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name>                  <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.xml</param-value>              </init-param>              <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>          </servlet>          <servlet-mapping>              <servlet-name>SpringMVC</servlet-name>              <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>          </servlet-mapping>      </web-app>

第二种是资源文件包中采用路径

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><web-app version="2.5" xmlns="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee http://java.sun.com/xml/ns/javaee/web-app_2_5.xsd"><!-- The definition of the Root Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters --><context-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/root-context.xml</param-value></context-param><!-- Creates the Spring Container shared by all Servlets and Filters --><listener><listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class></listener><!-- Processes application requests --><servlet><servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name><servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class><init-param><param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name><param-value>/WEB-INF/spring/appServlet/servlet-context.xml</param-value></init-param><load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup></servlet><servlet-mapping><servlet-name>appServlet</servlet-name><url-pattern>/</url-pattern></servlet-mapping></web-app>

然后是//src//applicationContext.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans:beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc"xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:beans="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"xmlns:cache="http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache"xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc http://www.springframework.org/schema/mvc/spring-mvc.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/beans http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/cache          http://www.springframework.org/schema/cache/spring-cache-3.2.xsdhttp://www.springframework.org/schema/context http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd"><!-- DispatcherServlet Context: defines this servlet's request-processing infrastructure --><!-- Enables the Spring MVC @Controller programming model --><annotation-driven /><!-- Handles HTTP GET requests for /resources/** by efficiently serving up static resources in the ${webappRoot}/resources directory --><resources mapping="/resources/**" location="/resources/" /><!-- Resolves views selected for rendering by @Controllers to .jsp resources in the /WEB-INF/views directory --><beans:beanclass="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver"><beans:property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/views/" /><beans:property name="suffix" value=".jsp" /></beans:bean><context:component-scan base-package="com.rock.admin" /><!-- 缓存配置 --><!-- 启用缓存注解功能 --><cache:annotation-driven cache-manager="cacheManager" /><!-- Spring自己的基于java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap实现的缓存管理器(该功能是从Spring3.1开始提供的) --><!-- <bean id="cacheManager" class="org.springframework.cache.support.SimpleCacheManager"> <property name="caches"> <set> <bean name="myCache" class="org.springframework.cache.concurrent.ConcurrentMapCacheFactoryBean"/> </set> </property> </bean> --><!-- 若只想使用Spring自身提供的缓存器,则注释掉下面的两个关于Ehcache配置的bean,并启用上面的SimpleCacheManager即可 --><!-- Spring提供的基于的Ehcache实现的缓存管理器 --><beans:bean id="cacheManagerFactory"class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheManagerFactoryBean"><beans:property name="configLocation" value="classpath:spring/ehcache.xml" /></beans:bean><beans:bean id="cacheManager"class="org.springframework.cache.ehcache.EhCacheCacheManager"><beans:property name="cacheManager" ref="cacheManagerFactory" /></beans:bean></beans:beans>


下面是//src//ehcache.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><ehcache xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"         xsi:noNamespaceSchemaLocation="http://ehcache.org/ehcache.xsd">  <!-- 磁盘缓存位置 -->  <diskStore path="java.io.tmpdir/ehcache"/>  <!-- 默认缓存 -->  <defaultCache          maxEntriesLocalHeap="10000"          eternal="false"          timeToIdleSeconds="120"          timeToLiveSeconds="120"          maxEntriesLocalDisk="10000000"          diskExpiryThreadIntervalSeconds="120"          memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"/><!--       配置自定义缓存       maxElementsInMemory:缓存中允许创建的最大对象数       eternal:缓存中对象是否为永久的,如果是,超时设置将被忽略,对象从不过期。       timeToIdleSeconds:缓存数据的钝化时间,也就是在一个元素消亡之前,                   两次访问时间的最大时间间隔值,这只能在元素不是永久驻留时有效,                   如果该值是 0 就意味着元素可以停顿无穷长的时间。       timeToLiveSeconds:缓存数据的生存时间,也就是一个元素从构建到消亡的最大时间间隔值,                   这只能在元素不是永久驻留时有效,如果该值是0就意味着元素可以停顿无穷长的时间。       maxEntriesLocalDisk:磁盘缓存允许的最大对象数       overflowToDisk:内存不足时,是否启用磁盘缓存。       memoryStoreEvictionPolicy:缓存满了之后的淘汰算法。   -->  <!-- ehcaheOne缓存 -->  <cache name="ehcaheOne"         maxElementsInMemory="1000"         eternal="true"         timeToIdleSeconds="120"         timeToLiveSeconds="120"         overflowToDisk="false"         memoryStoreEvictionPolicy="LRU"/></ehcache>



下面是导入的ehcache jar包

<!-- ehcache --><dependency><groupId>net.sf.ehcache</groupId><artifactId>ehcache</artifactId><version>2.10.2</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context-support</artifactId><version>4.1.4.RELEASE</version></dependency>




下面是UserController.java

package com.rock.admin.action;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.PathVariable;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import com.rock.admin.service.UserService;/** *  * @author lifeifei * @version $Id: UserController.java, v 0.1 2017年3月13日 下午5:11:30 wb-lifeifei Exp $ */@Controllerpublic class UserController {    @Autowired    UserService userService;    @RequestMapping(value = "index", method = RequestMethod.GET)    public String index(Object model) {        return "index";    }    @RequestMapping(value = "/get/{userNo}", method = RequestMethod.GET)    public String get(@PathVariable String userNo, Model model) {        String username = userService.get(userNo);        model.addAttribute("username", username);        return "getUser";    }    @RequestMapping(value = "/update/{userNo}", method = RequestMethod.GET)    public String update(@PathVariable String userNo, Model model) {        userService.update(userNo);        model.addAttribute("userNo", userNo);        return "updateUser";    }    @RequestMapping(value = "/removeAll", method = RequestMethod.GET)    public String removeAll() {        userService.removeAll();        return "removeAllUser";    }}


下面是需要被缓存处理的UserService.java

package com.rock.admin.service;/** * 用户管理接口 * @author lifeifei * @version $Id: UserService.java, v 0.1 2017年3月13日 下午5:15:08 wb-lifeifei Exp $ */public interface UserService {    public String get(String userNo);    public void update(String userNo);    public void removeAll();}


下面是需要被缓存处理的实现类UserServiceImpl.java

package com.rock.admin.service.impl;import java.util.Map;import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;import org.springframework.cache.annotation.CacheEvict;import org.springframework.cache.annotation.Cacheable;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import com.rock.admin.service.UserService;/** * 用户管理实现类 * @author lifeifei * @version $Id: UserServiceImpl.java, v 0.1 2017年3月13日 下午5:17:15 wb-lifeifei Exp $ */@Servicepublic class UserServiceImpl implements UserService {    private Map<String, String> usersData = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, String>();    public UserServiceImpl() {        System.out.println("用户数据初始化..开始");        usersData.put("1", "阿飞");        usersData.put("2", "飞哥");        usersData.put("3", "rock");        System.out.println("用户数据初始化..完毕");    }    //将查询到的数据缓存到myCache中,并使用方法名称加上参数中的userNo作为缓存的key      //通常更新操作只需刷新缓存中的某个值,所以为了准确的清除特定的缓存,故定义了这个唯一的key,从而不会影响其它缓存值      @Cacheable(value = "ehcaheOne", key = "'get'+#userNo")    public String get(String userNo) {        System.out.println("数据库中查到此用户号[" + userNo + "]对应的用户名为[" + usersData.get(userNo) + "]");        return usersData.get(userNo);    }    @CacheEvict(value = "ehcaheOne", key = "'get'+#userNo")    public void update(String userNo) {        System.out.println("移除缓存中此用户号[" + userNo + "]对应的用户名[" + usersData.get(userNo) + "]的缓存");    }    //allEntries为true表示清除value中的全部缓存,默认为false      @CacheEvict(value = "ehcaheOne", allEntries = true)    public void removeAll() {        System.out.println("移除缓存中的所有数据");    }}


首先是index.jsp

查看<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/../test/get/2" target="_blank">2号</a>用户名<br /><br /> 查看<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/../test/get/3" target="_blank">3号</a>用户名<br /><br /> 更新<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/../test/update/3" target="_blank">3号</a>用户名<br /><br /> 移除<a href="<%=request.getContextPath()%>/../test/removeAll" target="_blank">所有</a>用户名

下面是getUser.jsp  

当前用户名为${username}


下面是updateUser.jsp 

已更新${userNo}号用户

最后是removeAllUser.jsp

已移除所有用户

测试时,访问index.jsp之后点击各个链接并依次观察控制台输出即可
缓存有效果的特征是:第二次查询数据时不会访问数据库(即不打印日志)

项目整体部署图



                                             
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