python xml

xml源

<?xml version="1.0"?><data>    <country name="Liechtenstein">        <rank updated="yes">2</rank>        <year>2008</year>        <gdppc>141100</gdppc>        <neighbor name="Austria" direction="E"/>        <neighbor name="Switzerland" direction="W"/>    </country>    <country name="Singapore">        <rank updated="yes">5</rank>        <year>2011</year>        <gdppc>59900</gdppc>        <neighbor name="Malaysia" direction="N"/>    </country>    <country name="Panama">        <rank updated="yes">69</rank>        <year>2011</year>        <gdppc>13600</gdppc>        <neighbor name="Costa Rica" direction="W"/>        <neighbor name="Colombia" direction="E"/>    </country></data>

遍历

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree = ET.parse('example.xml')root = tree.getroot()print(root.tag)#   data#遍历xml文档for child in root:    print(child.tag, child.attrib)    # 输出为    # country    {'name': 'Liechtenstein'}    # country    {'name': 'Singapore'}    # country    {'name': 'Panama'}    for i in child:        print(i.tag,i.text)        # rank        69        # year        2011        # gdppc        13600        # neighbor        None        # neighbor        None#   只遍历year 节点for node in root.iter('year'):    print(node.tag, node.text)    # year    2008    # year    2011    # year    2011

更新与删除

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETtree = ET.parse('example.xml')root = tree.getroot()for node in root.iter('year'):    new_year = int(node.text) + 1    node.text = str(new_year)    #   更新属性    node.set('updated','yes')tree.write("example_new2.xml")#   删除nodefor country in root.findall('country'):    rank = int(country.find('rank').text)    if rank > 50:        root.remove(country)tree.write('example_new3.xml')

生成打印xml

import xml.etree.ElementTree as ETnew_xml = ET.Element("namelist")name = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "name", attrib={"enrolled": "yes"})age = ET.SubElement(name, "age", attrib={"checked": "no"})sex = ET.SubElement(name, "sex")sex.text = '33'name2 = ET.SubElement(new_xml, "name", attrib={"enrolled": "no"})age = ET.SubElement(name2, "age")age.text = '19'et = ET.ElementTree(new_xml)  # 生成文档对象et.write("test.xml", encoding="utf-8", xml_declaration=True)ET.dump(new_xml)  # 打印生成的格式