mail

来源：互联网发布：淘宝运营怎么学编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/05/10 05:28

###########mail服务################

服务端主机名为mailwestos.com ip为172.25.254.22

客户端主机名为maillinux.com ip为172.25.254.122

*******DNS中添加mail*************

[root@mailwestos ~]# vim /etc/named.conf ##配置DNS主配置文件

11 // listen-on port 53 { 127.0.0.1; }; ##这三行前面//是将对应配置改为所有

12 // listen-on-v6 port 53 { ::1; };

17 // allow-query { localhost; };

32 dnssec-validation no;

[root@mailwestos ~]# vim /etc/named.rfc1912.zones ##添加westos.com及linux.com的正向解析

25 zone "westos.com" IN {

26 type master;

27 file "westos.com.zone";

28 allow-update { none; };

29 };

31 zone "linux.com" IN {

32 type master;

33 file "linux.com.zone";

34 allow-update { none; };

35 };

[root@mailwestos named]# cp -p named.localhost linux.com.zone

[root@mailwestos named]# cp -p named.localhost westos.com.zone

[root@mailwestos named]# vim westos.com.zone ##配置解析文件

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA dns.westos.com. root.westos.com. (

0 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

NS dns.westos.com.

dns A 172.25.254.22

westos.com. MX 1 172.25.254.22.

[root@mailwestos named]# vim linux.com.zone

$TTL 1D

@ IN SOA dns.linux.com. root.linux.com. (

0 ; serial

1D ; refresh

1H ; retry

1W ; expire

3H ) ; minimum

NS dns.linux.com.

dns A 172.25.254.22

linux.com. MX 1 172.25.254.122.

[root@mailwestos named]# systemctl restart named ##重启服务

测试：

<服务端>

[root@mailwestos named]# dig -t mx westos.com

[root@mailwestos named]# dig -t mx linux.com

<客户端>

[root@maillinux ~]# vim /etc/resolv.conf

nameserver 172.25.254.22

[root@maillinux ~]# dig -t mx westos.com

[root@maillinux ~]# dig -t mx linux.com

*********发送邮件*************

若邮件未正常发送，邮件日志位于/var/log/maillog中

mailq命令查看邮件是否正常发送，若未发送，会显示

修改错误后，用postqueue -f命令刷新mailq中未发送邮件，清空mailq中用postsuper -d

服务端、客户端该文件配置相似

[root@mailwestos named]# vim /etc/postfix/main.cf ##配置邮件传输文件

76 myhostname = mailwestos.westos.com

83 mydomain = westos.com ##域名

99 myorigin = $mydomain ##邮件地址后缀

113 inet_interfaces = all

116 #inet_interfaces = localhost

164 mydestination = $myhostname, $mydomain, localhost ##postfix接收邮件时可接收的域名

[root@mailwestos named]# systemctl restart postfix.service

测试：

[root@mailwestos named]# mail root@westos.com ##给本机发邮件

Subject: kfjdls

dghk

EOT

[root@mailwestos named]# mailq ##查看邮件是否发出

Mail queue is empty

[root@mailwestos named]# mail

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root": 2 messages 1 new

1 root Tue Mar 14 04:15 19/567 "test"

>N 2 root Tue Mar 14 05:11 18/559 "kfjdls"

[root@mailwestos named]# mail root@linux.com ##给其他主机发邮件

Subject: test

test

EOT

[root@mailwestos named]# mailq

Mail queue is empty

[root@maillinux ~]# mail ##查看是否受到邮件

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new

>N 1 root Tue Mar 14 05:13 21/738 "test"

********群发邮件*************

[root@maillinux ~]# vim /etc/aliases

admin: root ##发给admin的邮件实质发给root

[root@mailwestos named]# mail admin@linux.com

Subject: fhdk

fjdksg

EOT

[root@maillinux ~]# mail

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root": 2 messages 2 unread

>U 1 root Tue Mar 14 05:13 22/748 "test"

U 2 root Tue Mar 14 05:36 22/754 "fhdk"

& 2

Message 2:

From root@westos.com Tue Mar 14 05:36:16 2017

Return-Path: <root@westos.com>

X-Original-To: admin@linux.com

Delivered-To: admin@linux.com

Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2017 05:36:16 -0400

To: admin@linux.com

Subject: fhdk

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@westos.com (root)

Status: RO

fjdksg

[root@maillinux ~]# vim /etc/aliases

more: :include:/etc/postfix/users ##可以直接发给/etc/postfix/users目录中的用户

[root@maillinux ~]# vim /etc/postfix/users

root

student

[root@mailwestos named]# mail student@linux.com

Subject: student

kkk

EOT

[root@maillinux ~]# mail -u student

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/mail/student": 1 message 1 new

>N 1 root Tue Mar 14 05:35 22/755 "student"

& 1

Message 1:

From root@westos.com Tue Mar 14 05:35:18 2017

Return-Path: <root@westos.com>

X-Original-To: student@linux.com

Delivered-To: student@linux.com

Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2017 05:35:17 -0400

To: student@linux.com

Subject: student

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@westos.com (root)

Status: R

kkk

& q

********更改收件地址************

[root@maillinux ~]# vim /etc/postfix/virtual ##更改收件地址的文件

admin@qq.com root@linux.com

@qq.com @linux.com

[root@maillinux ~]# postmap /etc/postfix/virtual

[root@maillinux ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service

[root@maillinux ~]# mail student@qq.com

Subject: hhhh

jkjk

EOT

[root@maillinux ~]# mailq

Mail queue is empty

[root@maillinux ~]# mail -u student

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/mail/student": 2 messages 1 new

1 root Tue Mar 14 05:35 23/766 "student"

>N 2 root Tue Mar 14 06:07 18/550 "hhhh"

& 2

Message 2:

From root@linux.com Tue Mar 14 06:07:40 2017

Return-Path: <root@linux.com>

X-Original-To: student@qq.com

Delivered-To: student@linux.com

Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2017 06:07:39 -0400

To: student@qq.com

Subject: hhhh

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@linux.com (root)

Status: R

jkjk

& q

Held 2 messages in /var/mail/student

*********更改发件地址**************

[root@maillinux ~]# vim /etc/postfix/generic ##更改发件地址

root@linux.com root@qq.com ##将root@linux.com发件改为root@qq.com发出

[root@maillinux ~]# postmap /etc/postfix/generic

[root@maillinux ~]# postconf -e "smtp_generic_maps = hash:/etc/postfix/generic"

[root@maillinux ~]# systemctl restart postfix.service

[root@maillinux ~]# mail root@westos.com

Subject: iii

EOT

[root@mailwestos named]# mail

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root": 1 message 1 new

>N 1 root Tue Mar 14 06:24 21/724 "iii"

& 1

Message 1:

From root@qq.com Tue Mar 14 06:24:49 2017

Return-Path: <root@qq.com>

X-Original-To: root@westos.com

Delivered-To: root@westos.com

Date: Tue, 14 Mar 2017 06:24:49 -0400

To: root@westos.com

Subject: iii

User-Agent: Heirloom mailx 12.5 7/5/10

Content-Type: text/plain; charset=us-ascii

From: root@qq.com (root) ##从root@qq.com中发出

Status: R

& q

Held 1 message in /var/spool/mail/root

**********dovecot加密通信*********************

[root@foundation99 Desktop]# telnet 172.25.254.122 25 ##telnet同其他邮件服务器传递邮件

Trying 172.25.254.122...

Connected to 172.25.254.122.

Escape character is '^]'.

220 maillinux.linux.com ESMTP Postfix

ehlo hello ##ehlo同邮件服务器建立初步联系

250-maillinux.linux.com

250-PIPELINING

250-SIZE 10240000

250-VRFY

250-ETRN

250-ENHANCEDSTATUSCODES

250-8BITMIME

250 DSN

mail from:root@qq.com ##发件人信息

250 2.1.0 Ok

rcpt to:root@westos.com ##收件人信息

250 2.1.5 Ok

data ##信件内容

354 End data with <CR><LF>.<CR><LF>

kkk

afd

fdsg

250 2.0.0 Ok: queued as 6C7E817E861

quit

221 2.0.0 Bye

Connection closed by foreign host.

[root@mailwestos named]# mail ##查看

Heirloom Mail version 12.5 7/5/10. Type ? for help.

"/var/spool/mail/root": 2 messages 1 new

1 root Tue Mar 14 06:24 22/735 "iii"

>N 2 root@qq.com Tue Mar 14 06:47 15/501

& 2

Message 2:

From root@qq.com Tue Mar 14 06:47:48 2017

Return-Path: <root@qq.com>

X-Original-To: root@westos.com

Delivered-To: root@westos.com

Status: R

kkk

afd

fdsg

& q

******配置dovecot、测试**********

[root@maillinux ~]# yum install dovecot -y

[root@maillinux ~]# vim /etc/dovecot/dovecot.conf##dovecot配置文件

24 protocols = imap pop3 lmtp ##接收邮件协议

48 login_trusted_networks = 0.0.0.0/0 ##指定所在的网络地址

49 disable_plaintext_auth = no

[root@maillinux student]# vim /etc/dovecot/conf.d/10-mail.conf

mail_location = mbox:~/mail:INBOX=/var/mail/%u

[root@maillinux student]# mkdir /home/student/mail/.imap

[root@maillinux student]# touch /home/student/mail/.imap/INBOX

[root@maillinux student]# systemctl restart postfix.service

测试

[root@foundation99 Desktop]# mutt -f pop://student@172.25.254.122

***自动建立用户的mail目录

[root@maillinux student]# cd /etc/skel ##框架目录，其中的内容将会在新建用户时自动建立

[root@maillinux skel]# ls

[root@maillinux skel]# mkdir mail

[root@maillinux skel]# mkdir ./mail/.imap

[root@maillinux skel]# touch ./mail/.imap/INBOX

[root@maillinux skel]# useradd test ##新建用户

[root@maillinux skel]# passwd test

Changing password for user test.

New password:

BAD PASSWORD: The password is shorter than 8 characters

Retype new password:

passwd: all authentication tokens updated successfully.

[root@maillinux skel]# su - test

[test@maillinux ~]$ ls ##有在skel中建立的mail目录

mail

0 0