在Android中,WebView中的<file>标签不能上传文件的解析

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WebView中file标签不能上传文件

本文主要是从以下几点对这个问题进行了阐释:

  • 简述
  • 如何在Andorid设置中用webview来识别file标签的呢
  • 实例代码

简述

 Android WebView在Android平台上是一个特殊的View, 他能用来显示网页,这个类可以被用来在你的app中仅仅显示一张在线的网页,还可以用来开发浏览器。WebView内部实现是采用渲染引擎来展示view的内容,提供网页前进后退,网页放大,缩小,搜索,前端开发者可以使用web inspector(Android 4.4系统支持,4.4一下可以采用http://developer.android.com/guide/webapps/debugging.html)调试HTML,CSS,JavaScript等等功能。在Android 4.3系统及其一下WebView内部采用Webkit渲染引擎,在Android 4.4采用chromium 渲染引擎来渲染View的内容。 WebView的好处: 1.用它加载网页数据 2.Html与java交互 3.等等(扯淡了。。。)

WebView识别file标签

为什么WebView不能直接识别file标签呢?

在webview中加载web网页,当设计到用户处罚的web点击事件,都需要去调用响应的事件处理js来处理。在pc上,js是可以直接调用window的,因为浏览器具有window的所有权,所以可以直接访问,而在移动端,js对window窗体是不具有控制权的,所以就需要有一个调用接口,来触发。那么?到底有没有这个调用交互接口呢?我查阅了网上的资料发现,webview的setWebChromeClient这个属性可以在webview 和 js之间行成对接,通过WebChromeClient接口可以监听js处理的事件过程,因此,我们只需要在这个里面找答案即可。

怎么去使用WebChromeClient的监听点击的file事件呢?

webView的setWebChromeClient的这个方法需要传入一个WebChromeClient对象,查阅发现WebChromeClient这个对象有几个和文件上传有关的监听方法,如下表所示:

方法名 描述 openFileChooser 在Android5.0之前对文件处理的方法 onShowFileChooser 在Android5.0之后对文件处理的方法

详细信息请看下方代码:

 //扩展浏览器上传文件            //3.0++版本            public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg,       String acceptType) {                    openFileChooserImpl(uploadMsg);               }            //3.0--版本            public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg) {                openFileChooserImpl(uploadMsg);            }            public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture) {                openFileChooserImpl(uploadMsg);            }            // For Android > 5.0            public boolean onShowFileChooser(WebView webView, ValueCallback<Uri[]> uploadMsg, WebChromeClient.FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {                openFileChooserImplForAndroid5(uploadMsg);                return true;            }

也就是说无论是哪个版本的方法,在用户触发file的点击事件的时候,都会调用上面对应的方法,那么我们就可以通过上面的方法去调用系统的相册,或者调用相机做后续的图片上传处理了。

实例代码

public class Main3Activity extends AppCompatActivity implements View.OnClickListener {private WebView wv_web;public final static int FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE = 1;public final static int FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE_FOR_ANDORID_5 = 2;public ValueCallback<Uri> mUploadMessage;public ValueCallback<Uri[]> mUploadMessageForAndroid5;private String mCameraFilePath;private View view;private AlertDialog dialog;@Overrideprotected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main3);    view = LayoutInflater.from(this).inflate(R.layout.dialog_select,null);    view.findViewById(R.id.btn1Id).setOnClickListener(this);    view.findViewById(R.id.btn2Id).setOnClickListener(this);    dialog = new AlertDialog.Builder(this)            .setTitle("请选择方式")            .setView(view)            .setCancelable(false)            .create();    wv_web = ((WebView) findViewById(R.id.webViewId));    initWebView();}private void initWebView() {    wv_web.getSettings().setJavaScriptEnabled(true);    wv_web.getSettings().setLayoutAlgorithm(WebSettings.LayoutAlgorithm.SINGLE_COLUMN);    wv_web.getSettings().setSupportZoom(true);    wv_web.getSettings().setUseWideViewPort(true);    wv_web.setInitialScale(80);//100%显示    wv_web.getSettings().setBuiltInZoomControls(true);    wv_web.getSettings().setDomStorageEnabled(true);    //不显示webview缩放按钮    wv_web.getSettings().setDisplayZoomControls(false);    wv_web.setWebViewClient(new WebViewClient() {        @Override        public void onPageFinished(WebView view, String url) {            super.onPageFinished(view, url);        }        @Override        public boolean shouldOverrideUrlLoading(WebView view, String url) {            view.loadUrl(url);            return true;        }    });    wv_web.setWebChromeClient(new WebChromeClient() {        //扩展支持alert事件        @Override        public boolean onJsAlert(WebView view, String url, String message,                                 JsResult result) {            return true;        }        //扩展浏览器上传文件        //3.0++版本        public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType) {            openFileChooserImpl(uploadMsg);        }        //3.0--版本        public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg) {            openFileChooserImpl(uploadMsg);        }        public void openFileChooser(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg, String acceptType, String capture) {            openFileChooserImpl(uploadMsg);        }        // For Android > 5.0        public boolean onShowFileChooser(WebView webView, ValueCallback<Uri[]> uploadMsg, WebChromeClient.FileChooserParams fileChooserParams) {            openFileChooserImplForAndroid5(uploadMsg);            return true;        }        @Override        public void onProgressChanged(WebView view, int newProgress) {            super.onProgressChanged(view, newProgress);        }    });    wv_web.loadUrl(".............");}int platformVersion;private void openFileChooserImpl(ValueCallback<Uri> uploadMsg) {    mUploadMessage = uploadMsg;    platformVersion = FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE;    dialog.show();}private void openFileChooserImplForAndroid5(ValueCallback<Uri[]> uploadMsg) {    mUploadMessageForAndroid5 = uploadMsg;    platformVersion = FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE_FOR_ANDORID_5;    dialog.show();}@Overrideprotected void onPause() {    super.onPause();    wv_web.onPause();}@Overrideprotected void onResume() {    super.onResume();    wv_web.requestFocus();    wv_web.onResume();}@Overridepublic void onActivityResult(int requestCode, int resultCode, Intent intent) {    Log.i("infozt","调用了");    if (requestCode == FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE) {        if (null == mUploadMessage)            return;        Uri result = intent == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK ? null : intent.getData();        if(result!=null)        {            mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(result);        }        else        {            mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);        }        if(mCameraFilePath!=null)        {            Uri uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(mCameraFilePath));            mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(result);        }        else        {            mUploadMessage.onReceiveValue(null);        }        mUploadMessage = null;    } else if (requestCode == FILECHOOSER_RESULTCODE_FOR_ANDORID_5) {        if (null == mUploadMessageForAndroid5)            return;        Uri uri=null;        if(mCameraFilePath!=null)        {            uri = Uri.fromFile(new File(mCameraFilePath));            mUploadMessageForAndroid5.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{uri});        }        else        {            Uri result = (intent == null || resultCode != RESULT_OK) ? null : intent.getData();            if (result != null) {                mUploadMessageForAndroid5.onReceiveValue(new Uri[]{result});            }else            {                mUploadMessageForAndroid5.onReceiveValue(null);            }        }        mUploadMessageForAndroid5 = null;    }    mCameraFilePath = null;}@SuppressWarnings("static-access")private Intent createCameraIntent() {    Intent cameraIntent = new Intent(MediaStore.ACTION_IMAGE_CAPTURE);    File externalDataDir = Environment            .getExternalStoragePublicDirectory(Environment.DIRECTORY_DCIM);    File cameraDataDir = new File(externalDataDir.getAbsolutePath()            + File.separator + "515aaa");    cameraDataDir.mkdirs();    String mCameraFilePath = cameraDataDir.getAbsolutePath()            + File.separator + System.currentTimeMillis() + ".jpg";    this.mCameraFilePath = mCameraFilePath;    cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.Images.Media.ORIENTATION, 0);    cameraIntent.putExtra(MediaStore.EXTRA_OUTPUT,            Uri.fromFile(new File(mCameraFilePath)));    return cameraIntent;}@Overridepublic void onClick(View v) {    dialog.hide();    Intent contentSelectionIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_GET_CONTENT);    contentSelectionIntent.addCategory(Intent.CATEGORY_OPENABLE);    contentSelectionIntent.setType("image/*");    Intent chooserIntent = null;    switch (v.getId()) {        case R.id.btn1Id:            chooserIntent = createCameraIntent();            break;        case R.id.btn2Id:            chooserIntent = new Intent(Intent.ACTION_CHOOSER);            break;    }    chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_INTENT, contentSelectionIntent);    chooserIntent.putExtra(Intent.EXTRA_TITLE, "Image Chooser");    startActivityForResult(chooserIntent, platformVersion);}
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