iOS学习笔记之视图控制器的生命周期、多线程、网络连接等

来源：互联网发布：airplay for windows 编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/18 11:43

视图控制器的生命周期

    #pragma mark 视图控制器的生命周期#pragma mark - 1- (void)viewWillAppear:(BOOL)animated {NSLog(@"1---viewVillAppera");}#pragma mark - 2-(void)viewDidAppear:(BOOL)animated {    NSLog(@"2---didAppear");}#pragma mark - 3- (void)viewWillDisappear:(BOOL)animated {    NSLog(@"3---viewWillDisappera");}#pragma mark -4- (void)viewDidDisappear:(BOOL)animated {    NSLog(@"4---viewDidDisappear");}

present的页面跳转方式

[self presentViewController:[[SecondViewController alloc]init] animated:YES completion:NULL];

property关键字

为成员属性自动生成setter_getter方法

@property 属性类型 属性名;

Xcode打印出日志信息(Swift)

ebugPrint("test")print("test")CFShow("test" as CFTypeRef!)

获取iOS的应用信息(Swift)

let mainbudle = Bundle.main//或得当前对象可执行文件所在的目录let appIdentifier = mainbudle.bundleIdentifier//获取应用程序的标识符let info = mainbudle.infoDictionary//程序包的配置信息let bundleName = mainbudle.object(forInfoDictionaryKey: "CFBundleName")//获取应用的名称let version = mainbudle.object(forInfoDictionaryKey: "CFBundleShortVersionString")//获得程序的版本号

获取系统的所有字体(Swift)

for family in UIFont.familyNames  {    for font in UIFont.fontNames(forFamilyName: family)       {           print(font)       }    }

获取屏幕的点击次数(Swift)

UITouch *touch = [touches anyObject]; if (touch.tapCount==1){    NSLog(@"单次点击"); } else if (touch.tapCount==2){    NSLog(@"双击"); }

NSURLConnect网络连接

首先在头部引入两个代理

//实现两个代理协议<NSURLConnectionDelegate,NSURLConnectionDataDelegate>{    //定义一个URL连接对象    NSURLConnection *_urlConnect;    NSMutableData *_mutabeData;//创建一个可变的二进制数据对象}

创建请求和实现请求

-(void)pressBtn{    NSString *urlStr = @"https://www.baidu.com";    NSURL *url = [NSURL URLWithString:urlStr];//将字符串转换成URL    NSURLRequest *request = [NSURLRequest requestWithURL:url];//创建请求    _urlConnect = [NSURLConnection connectionWithRequest:request delegate:self];//进行网络请求    _mutabeData = [[NSMutableData alloc]init];}

实现需要的代理方法

//处理错误信息的代理方法-(void) connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didFailWithError:(NSError *)error{    NSLog(@"error is %@",error);}//处理服务器返回的响应码-(void)connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveResponse:(NSURLResponse *)response{    //将响应码转换为http响应码    NSHTTPURLResponse *res = (NSHTTPURLResponse*) response;        if (res.statusCode==200)        {            NSLog(@"连接成功");        }    else if (res.statusCode==404)    {        NSLog(@"无法加载网页");    }    else if (res.statusCode==500)    {        NSLog(@"服务器宕机或关机");    }}//接收回传的数据的时候进行调用-(void) connection:(NSURLConnection *)connection didReceiveData:(NSData *)data{    //将每次接收的数据连接起来    [_mutabeData appendData:data];}-(void)connectionDidFinishLoading:(NSURLConnection *)connection{    //将二进制数据_mutableData转换为字符串    NSString *str = [[NSString alloc]initWithData:_mutabeData encoding:NSUTF8StringEncoding];    NSLog(@"str is %@",str);}

自定义转场动画

 //定义一个动画对象CATransition* animate = [CATransition animation];//设置动画的时间animate.duration = 1;//设置动画的类型,决定动画的效果animate.type = @"cube";//设置动画的子类型，决定动画的方向等animate.subtype = kCATransitionFromRight;//设置动画的轨迹模式animate.timingFunction =  [CAMediaTimingFunction functionWithName:kCAMediaTimingFunctionEaseIn];//添加动画到视图层[self.navigationController.view.layer addAnimation:animate forKey:nil];VCSecond *vcSecond = [[VCSecond alloc]init];[self.navigationController pushViewController:vcSecond animated:YES];

NSUserDefaults数据存储

-(void)pressWrite{   NSUserDefaults *ud = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];  //useDefaults只能存储能够文件化的数据，无法存储视图，图片之类的文件   [ud setObject:@"Felx" forKey:@"name"];   NSNumber *num = [NSNumber numberWithInt:100];   [ud setObject:num forKey:@"num"];   //创建一个可文件化的数组   NSArray *array = [NSArray arrayWithObjects:@"1",@"3",@"5",@"7",nil];   [ud setObject:array forKey:@"array"];}-(void)pressRead{NSUserDefaults *ud  = [NSUserDefaults standardUserDefaults];        id object = [ud objectForKey:@"array"];   NSString *name = object;   NSLog(@"name is %@",name);  }

多线程之GCD

GCD使用的是C而不是OC，所以字符串前不需要加@符号。
GCD自动管理线程的生命周期。
任务的执行方式分为同步执行和异步执行任务两种方式。
同步和异步的区别在于：同步任务不开启新的线程，异步任务则开启新的线程。
并发队列可以让多个任务同时执行。
串行队列只能让任务一个一个的一次执行。
并发与串行是任务执行的两种方式。

并发队列+同步任务

 //创建并发队列dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("myQueue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);//向队列添加同步任务dispatch_sync(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<5; i++) {        NSLog(@"---run---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});

终端输出：

2017-03-27 10:20:59.795 GCD_OC[9563:341711] ---run---<NSThread: 0x600000066240>{number = 1, name = main}

number=1表明当前线程是主线程；
并发队列 + 线程同步任务不会开启新的线程（或者说创建新的线程对象）。

并发队列+异步任务

dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("myQueue", DISPATCH_QUEUE_CONCURRENT);dispatch_async(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<2;i++){        NSLog(@"---异步1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});dispatch_async(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<2;i++){        NSLog(@"---异步2----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});

终端输出：

2017-03-27 11:05:21.116 GCD_OC[10192:372041] ---异步2----<NSThread: 0x60800007e440>{number = 4, name = (null)}2017-03-27 11:05:21.116 GCD_OC[10192:371920] ---异步1----<NSThread: 0x60000007cac0>{number = 3, name = (null)}2017-03-27 11:05:21.116 GCD_OC[10192:372041] ---异步2----<NSThread: 0x60800007e440>{number = 4, name = (null)}2017-03-27 11:05:21.116 GCD_OC[10192:371920] ---异步1----<NSThread: 0x60000007cac0>{number = 3, name = (null)}

全局队列+同步任务

 /* 参数一为队列的优先级： #define DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_HIGH 2 高 #define DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_DEFAULT 0 默认 #define DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_LOW (-2) 低 #define DISPATCH_QUEUE_PRIORITY_BACKGROUND INT16_MIN 后台 *///获取全局队列dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(0, 0);dispatch_sync(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<2; i++) {        NSLog(@"---同步1---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});dispatch_sync(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<2; i++) {        NSLog(@"---同步2---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});

终端输出：

2017-03-27 11:08:22.723 GCD_OC[10239:374355] ---同步1---<NSThread: 0x608000061a80>{number = 1, name = main}2017-03-27 11:08:22.724 GCD_OC[10239:374355] ---同步1---<NSThread: 0x608000061a80>{number = 1, name = main}2017-03-27 11:08:22.724 GCD_OC[10239:374355] ---同步2---<NSThread: 0x608000061a80>{number = 1, name = main}2017-03-27 11:08:22.725 GCD_OC[10239:374355] ---同步2---<NSThread: 0x608000061a80>{number = 1, name = main}

全局队列+异步任务

dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_global_queue(0, 0);dispatch_async(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<5; i++) {        NSLog(@"---异步1---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});dispatch_async(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<5; i++) {        NSLog(@"---异步2---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});

终端输出：

2017-03-27 11:11:29.228 GCD_OC[10300:377161] ---异步2---<NSThread: 0x6080000703c0>{number = 4, name = (null)}2017-03-27 11:11:29.228 GCD_OC[10300:377162] ---异步1---<NSThread: 0x600000075ac0>{number = 3, name = (null)}2017-03-27 11:11:29.228 GCD_OC[10300:377161] ---异步2---<NSThread: 0x6080000703c0>{number = 4, name = (null)}2017-03-27 11:11:29.228 GCD_OC[10300:377162] ---异步1---<NSThread: 0x600000075ac0>{number = 3, name = (null)}

串行队列+同步任务

//第二个参数设置为DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL或NULL表示创建的队列为串行队列  dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("queue", NULL);  dispatch_sync(queue, ^{        for (int i=0;i<5; i++) {           NSLog(@"---同步1---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }  });  dispatch_sync(queue, ^{       for (int i=0;i<5; i++) {           NSLog(@"---同步2---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);        }  });

终端输出：

2017-03-27 11:17:33.036 GCD_OC[10391:381684] ---同步1---<NSThread: 0x608000078580>{number = 1, name = main}2017-03-27 11:17:33.037 GCD_OC[10391:381684] ---同步1---<NSThread: 0x608000078580>{number = 1, name = main}2017-03-27 11:17:33.038 GCD_OC[10391:381684] ---同步2---<NSThread: 0x608000078580>{number = 1, name = main}2017-03-27 11:17:33.038 GCD_OC[10391:381684] ---同步2---<NSThread: 0x608000078580>{number = 1, name = main}

串行队列+异步任务

//第二个参数设置为DISPATCH_QUEUE_SERIAL或NULL表示创建的队列为串行队列dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_queue_create("queue", NULL);dispatch_async(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<2; i++) {        NSLog(@"---异步1---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});dispatch_async(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<2; i++) {        NSLog(@"---异步2---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});

终端输出：

2017-03-27 11:21:13.755 GCD_OC[10465:385017] ---异步1---<NSThread: 0x608000072780>{number = 3, name = (null)}2017-03-27 11:21:13.756 GCD_OC[10465:385017] ---异步1---<NSThread: 0x608000072780>{number = 3, name = (null)}2017-03-27 11:21:13.757 GCD_OC[10465:385017] ---异步2---<NSThread: 0x608000072780>{number = 3, name = (null)}2017-03-27 11:21:13.758 GCD_OC[10465:385017] ---异步2---<NSThread: 0x608000072780>{number = 3, name = (null)}

主队列+异步任务

//获取主队列dispatch_queue_t queue = dispatch_get_main_queue();dispatch_async(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<5; i++) {        NSLog(@"---异步1---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});dispatch_async(queue, ^{    for (int i=0;i<5; i++) {        NSLog(@"---异步2---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }});

终端输出：

2017-03-27 11:24:08.535 GCD_OC[10518:387519] ---异步1---<NSThread: 0x60800007e480>{number = 1, name = main}2017-03-27 11:24:08.536 GCD_OC[10518:387519] ---异步1---<NSThread: 0x60800007e480>{number = 1, name = main}2017-03-27 11:24:08.536 GCD_OC[10518:387519] ---异步2---<NSThread: 0x60800007e480>{number = 1, name = main}2017-03-27 11:24:08.536 GCD_OC[10518:387519] ---异步2---<NSThread: 0x60800007e480>{number = 1, name = main}

主队列+同步任务:会造成死锁的现象

多线程是NSOeraiotn

NSOperation实现的三种方式：

NSInvocationOperation；
NSBlockOperation；
自定义Operation。

NSInvocationOperation

-(void)invocationoperation{   NSInvocationOperation * op = [[NSInvocationOperation alloc]initWithTarget:self selector:@selector(operation) object:nil];  [op start];}-(void)operation{    NSLog(@"---1----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);}

终端输出：

2017-03-27 16:12:34.153 NSOperation_OC[13348:521902] ---1----<NSThread: 0x60000007a940>{number = 1, name = main}

NSBlockOperation

-(void)blockOperation {    NSBlockOperation *bop = [NSBlockOperation blockOperationWithBlock:^{        //始终在主线程中完成        NSLog(@"---2----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }];    //添加的额外任务在子线程中完成    [bop addExecutionBlock:^{        NSLog(@"---3----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }];    [bop addExecutionBlock:^{        //设置子线程的名称        [NSThread currentThread].name = @"子线程";        NSLog(@"---4----%@",[NSThread currentThread]);    }];    [bop start];}

终端输出：

2017-03-27 16:12:34.154 NSOperation_OC[13348:521902] ---2----<NSThread: 0x60000007a940>{number = 1, name = main}2017-03-27 16:12:34.154 NSOperation_OC[13348:521997] ---3----<NSThread: 0x608000262040>{number = 3, name = (null)}2017-03-27 16:12:34.154 NSOperation_OC[13348:521995] ---4----<NSThread: 0x608000262080>{number = 4, name = 子线程}

自定义Operation

自定义一个NSOperation继承自NSOperation

#import "CustomOperation.h"@implementation CustomOperation//自定义的NSOperation需要重写main方法-(void)main {     NSLog(@"---1---%@",[NSThread currentThread]);}@end

使用自定义的Operation

-(void)customOperation{//实例化一个自定义的CustomOperation对象CustomOperation *cop = [[CustomOperation alloc]init];[cop start];}

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