在服务器上的LNMP环境搭建

来源：互联网发布：sql 日期变量编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/06/08 22:21

lnmp环境搭建

前置条件

操作系统安装：CentOS 6.8 64位最小化安装。
配置好IP、DNS、网关、主机名
配置防火墙，开启80、3306端口

vim /etc/sysconfig/iptables关闭访问墙service iptables stop/etc/init.d/iptables restart #最后重启防火墙使配置生效

关闭SELinux
vi /etc/selinux/configurations
SELINUX=enforcing #注释掉
SELINUXTYPE=targeted #注释掉
SELINUX=disabled #增加
:wq! #保存退出
setenforce 0 #使配置立即生效

系统约定

软件源代码包存放位置：/root/lnmp源码包编译安装位置：/usr/local/软件名数据库数据文件存储路径/data/mysql

系统软件包版本

#已经附加在文件夹中

安装编译工具及库文件

使用CentOS yum命令一键安装yum install -y make apr* autoconf automake curl curl-devel gcc gcc-c++  cmake  gtk+-devel zlib-devel openssl openssl-devel pcre-devel gd kernel keyutils patch perl kernel-headers compat* cpp glibc libgomp libstdc++-devel keyutils-libs-devel  libarchive   libsepol-devel libselinux-devel krb5-devel libXpm* freetype freetype-devel freetype* fontconfig fontconfig-devel libjpeg* libpng* php-common php-gd gettext gettext-devel ncurses* libtool* libxml2 libxml2-devel patch policycoreutils bison

软件安装篇

1、安装cmaketar -zxvf cmake-2.8.7.tar.gzcd cmake-2.8.7./configure --prefix=/usr/local/cmakemake #编译make install #安装vim /etc/profile 在path路径中增加cmake执行文件路径export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cmake/binsource /etc/profile使配置立即生效

2、安装pcretar -zxvf pcre-8.39.tar.gzcd pcre-8.39./configure --prefix=/usr/local/pcre make && make install3、安装libmcrypttar -zxvf libmcrypt-2.5.8.tar.gzcd libmcrypt-2.5.8./configure #配置make #编译make install #安装4、安装gd库tar -zxvf gd-2.0.36RC1.tar.gzcd gd-2.0.36RC1./configure --enable-m4_pattern_allow --prefix=/usr/local/gd --with-jpeg=/usr/lib --with-png=/usr/lib --with-xpm=/usr/lib --with-freetype=/usr/lib --with-fontconfig=/usr/lib make #编译make install #安装5、安装Mysqlgroupadd mysql #添加mysql组useradd -g mysql mysql -s /sbin/nologin #创建用户mysql并加入到mysql组，不允许mysql用户直接登录系统mkdir -p /var/mysql/data #创建MySQL数据库存放目录chown -R mysql:mysql /var/mysql/data #设置MySQL数据库目录权限tar -zxvf mysql-5.5.28.tar.gz #解压

cd mysql-5.5.28===========看看，不要复制粘贴======================cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql \安装目录-DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock \生成通讯文件-DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 \字符集-DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci \数据库的字符集-DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \存储引擎-DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \存储引擎-DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 \存储引擎-DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 \-DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/mysql/data \数据库目录-DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306===========复制粘贴这里的===========================cmake -DCMAKE_INSTALL_PREFIX=/usr/local/mysql -DMYSQL_UNIX_ADDR=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock -DDEFAULT_CHARSET=utf8 -DDEFAULT_COLLATION=utf8_general_ci -DWITH_MYISAM_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_INNOBASE_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_MEMORY_STORAGE_ENGINE=1 -DWITH_READLINE=1 -DENABLED_LOCAL_INFILE=1 -DMYSQL_DATADIR=/var/mysql/data -DMYSQL_USER=mysql -DMYSQL_TCP_PORT=3306makemake installcp ./support-files/my-huge.cnf /etc/my.cnf #拷贝配置文件（注意：如果/etc目录下面默认有一个my.cnf，直接覆盖即可）vi /etc/my.cnf #编辑配置文件,在 [mysqld] 部分增加datadir = /var/mysql/data #添加MySQL数据库路径cd /usr/local/mysql./scripts/mysql_install_db --user=mysql #生成mysql系统数据库加到服务里：cd /root/lnmp/mysql-5.5.28cp ./support-files/mysql.server /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #把Mysql加入系统启动chmod 755 /etc/init.d/mysqld #增加执行权限chkconfig mysqld on #加入开机启动vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/mysqld #编辑basedir=/usr/local/mysql #MySQL程序安装路径datadir=/var/mysql/data #MySQl数据库存放目录service mysqld start #启动,可能无法写入pid文件，注意将mysql用户权限加入至/usr/local/mysqlchown -R mysql:mysql /usr/local/mysql #改拥有者vi /etc/profile #把mysql服务加入系统环境变量：在最后添加下面这一行export PATH=$PATH:/usr/local/cmake/bin:/usr/local/mysql/binsource /etc/profile #使配置立即生效创建MySQL通信文件：mkdir /var/lib/mysql #创建目录ln -s /tmp/mysql.sock /var/lib/mysql/mysql.sock #添加软链接#软连接名字/var/lib/mysql/mysql.sockservice mysqld restartmysql_secure_installation #设置Mysql密码，根据提示按Y 回车输入2次密码/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysqladmin -u root -p password "123456" #或者直接修改密码到此，mysql安装完成！

6、安装 nginxtar -zxvf nginx-1.11.5.tar.gzgroupadd www #添加www组useradd -g www www -s /sbin/nologin #创建nginx运行账户www并加入到www组，不允许www用户直接登录系统openssl-1.1.0b.tar.gzcd nginx-1.11.5./configure --prefix=/usr/local/nginx --without-http_memcached_module --user=www --group=www   --with-http_stub_status_module --with-openssl=/root/lnmp/openssl-1.1.0b --with-pcre=/root/lnmp/pcre-8.39   --with-http_ssl_module注意:--with-pcre=/root/lnmp/pcre-8.39 指向的是源码包解压的路径，而不是安装的路径，否则会报错

makemake install/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx #启动nginx将Nginx加到命令中,以命令的方式运行：cp /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx /sbin测试命令Nginx是否增加成功：使用进程关闭 ps aux |grep nginx#ps aux 查询全部进程 #grep nginx用Nginx匹配显示：root      68776  0.0  0.0  20372   920 ?        Ss   00:50   0:00 nginx: master process /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxwww       68777  0.0  0.1  20820  1860 ?        S    00:50   0:00 nginx: worker process      root      68794  7.0  0.0 103336   896 pts/0    S+   01:04   0:00 grep nginxkill -9 68776kill -9 68777此时在浏览器中10.0.162.60 显示无法显示服务器->生效再在xshell中输入nginx此时浏览器显示welcome说明已经可以使用命令开启nginx了！以服务的方式运行：vim /usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginx发现不是脚本文件，我们需要自己写一下！设置nginx开启启动vi /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #编辑启动文件添加下面内容=======================================================#!/bin/bash# nginx Startup script for the Nginx HTTP Server# it is v.0.0.2 version.# chkconfig: - 85 15# description: Nginx is a high-performance web and proxy server.# It has a lot of features, but it's not for everyone.# processname: nginx# pidfile: /var/run/nginx.pid# config: /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginxd=/usr/local/nginx/sbin/nginxnginx_config=/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.confnginx_pid=/usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pidRETVAL=0prog="nginx"# Source function library.. /etc/rc.d/init.d/functions# Source networking configuration.. /etc/sysconfig/network# Check that networking is up.[ ${NETWORKING} = "no" ] && exit 0[ -x $nginxd ] || exit 0# Start nginx daemons functions.start() {if [ -e $nginx_pid ];thenecho "nginx already running...."exit 1fiecho -n $"Starting $prog: "daemon $nginxd -c ${nginx_config}RETVAL=$?echo[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && touch /var/lock/subsys/nginxreturn $RETVAL}# Stop nginxc daemons functions.stop() {echo -n $"Stopping $prog: "killproc $nginxdRETVAL=$?echo[ $RETVAL = 0 ] && rm -f /var/lock/subsys/nginx /usr/local/nginx/logs/nginx.pid}reload() {echo -n $"Reloading $prog: "#kill -HUP `cat ${nginx_pid}`killproc $nginxd -HUPRETVAL=$?echo}# See how we were called.case "$1" instart)start;;stop)stop;;reload)reload;;restart)stopstart;;status)status $progRETVAL=$?;;*)echo $"Usage: $prog {start|stop|restart|reload|status|help}"exit 1esacexit $RETVAL=======================================================:wq! #保存退出chmod 775 /etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx #赋予文件执行权限ls -l /etc/ | grep init显示：drwxr-xr-x.  2 root root   4096 2017-04-11 19:05 init-rw-r--r--.  1 root root      0 2016-05-11 05:13 init.conflrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root     11 2017-04-11 19:04 init.d -> rc.d/init.d-rw-r--r--.  1 root root    884 2017-04-11 19:08 inittablrwxrwxrwx.  1 root root     15 2017-04-11 19:05 rc.sysinit -> rc.d/rc.sysinit这里存在软连接 init.d -> rc.d/init.d                 rc.sysinit -> rc.d/rc.sysinit这时 service nignx stop生效，可以以服务的形式进行操作了！！！chkconfig nginx on #设置开机启动/etc/rc.d/init.d/nginx restart #重新启动Nginxservice nginx restart=======================================================nginx相关目录在 ls /usr/local/nginxclient_body_temp  conf  fastcgi_temp  html  logs  proxy_temp  sbin  scgi_temp  uwsgi_temp#conf配置文件目录#html放网站的目录#logs日志文件目录#sbin可执行程序目录用用Nginxcd conf/vim nginx.conf将#user nobody;改为user www;在最末尾的}之前加 include vhost/*.conf;保存退出mkdir vhostcd vhost/lsvim www.caoliu.com.conf===================================    server{                listen          80;                #listen         somename:80;                server_name     www.caoliu.com caoliu.com caoliu;                root /www/caoliu;                index index.html index.php;        }====================================service nginx restart在计算机host文件中加：10.0.162.60 www.caoliu.com caoliu.com caoliu在浏览器中输入caoliu 显示404 ->生效！！mkdir -p /www/caoliuvim /www/caoliu/index.html====================================this is a yellow website!oh yeah~~====================================在浏览器中输入caoliu 显示this is a yellow website!oh yeah~~->生效！！！

7、安装phpcd /root/lumptar -jxvf php-7.0.7.tar.bz2 cd php-7.0.7./configure --prefix=/usr/local/php7 --with-config-file-path=/usr/local/php7/etc  --with-mysqli=/usr/local/mysql/bin/mysql_config --enable-mysqlnd --with-mysql-sock=/usr/local/mysql/mysql.sock --with-gd --with-iconv --with-zlib --enable-xml --enable-bcmath --enable-shmop --enable-sysvsem --enable-inline-optimization --enable-mbregex --enable-fpm --enable-mbstring --enable-ftp --enable-gd-native-ttf --with-openssl --enable-pcntl --enable-sockets --with-xmlrpc --enable-zip --enable-soap --without-pear --with-gettext --enable-session --with-mcrypt --with-curl --with-jpeg-dir --with-freetype-dir   --with-pdo-mysql=/usr/local/mysql/make #编译,，若遇到make: *** [ext/fileinfo/libmagic/apprentice.lo] 错误 ，这加参数–-disable-fileinfomake install #安装可以用了：cd /usr/local/php7/binvim /root/index.php 写点什么。。。./php /root/index.phpcd /lnmp/src/php-7.0.7cp php.ini-production /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini #复制php配置文件到安装目录rm -rf /etc/php.ini #删除系统自带配置文件ln -s /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini /etc/php.ini #添加软链接

cp sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/init.d/php-fpmcp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.conf #拷贝模板文件为php-fpm配置文件cp /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf.default /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf  vi /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.d/www.conf  #编辑user = www #设置php-fpm运行账号为wwwgroup = www #设置php-fpm运行组为wwwvim /usr/local/php7/etc/php-fpm.confpid = run/php-fpm.pid #取消前面的分号加入服务并开机启动 ，设置 php-fpm开机启动#cp /lnmp/src/php-7.0.7/sapi/fpm/init.d.php-fpm /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #拷贝php-fpm到启动目录chmod +x /etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm #添加执行权限chkconfig php-fpm on #设置开机启动vi /usr/local/php7/etc/php.ini #编辑配置文件

这里暂时不给禁用找到：disable_functions =修改为：disable_functions = passthru,exec,system,chroot,scandir,chgrp,chown,shell_exec,proc_open,proc_get_status,ini_alter,ini_alter,ini_restore,dl,openlog,syslog,readlink,symlink,popepassthru,stream_socket_server,escapeshellcmd,dll,popen,disk_free_space,checkdnsrr,checkdnsrr,getservbyname,getservbyport,disk_total_space,posix_ctermid,posix_get_last_error,posix_getcwd, posix_getegid,posix_geteuid,posix_getgid, posix_getgrgid,posix_getgrnam,posix_getgroups,posix_getlogin,posix_getpgid,posix_getpgrp,posix_getpid, posix_getppid,posix_getpwnam,posix_getpwuid, posix_getrlimit, posix_getsid,posix_getuid,posix_isatty, posix_kill,posix_mkfifo,posix_setegid,posix_seteuid,posix_setgid, posix_setpgid,posix_setsid,posix_setuid,posix_strerror,posix_times,posix_ttyname,posix_uname

列出PHP可以禁用的函数，如果某些程序需要用到这个函数，可以删除，取消s禁用

找到：;date.timezone =修改为：date.timezone = PRC #设置时区找到：expose_php = On修改为：expose_php = OFF #禁止显示php版本的信息找到：short_open_tag = Off修改为：short_open_tag = ON #支持php短标签<?= ?>八、配置nginx支持phpvi /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf修改/usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf 配置文件,需做如下修改

    user www www; #首行user去掉注释,修改Nginx运行组为www www；必须与/usr/local/php/etc/php-fpm.conf中的user,group配置相同，否则php运行出错    user www www;    worker_processes 1;    events {    worker_connections 1024;    }    http {        include mime.types;        default_type application/octet-stream;        sendfile on;        keepalive_timeout 65;        server {            listen 80;            server_name localhost;                location / {                root /data/www;                index index.php index.html index.htm;                }                location ~ \.php$ {                root /data/www;                fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;                fastcgi_index index.php;                fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAME $document_root$fastcgi_script_name;                include fastcgi_params;                }        }    }    mkdir -p /data/www    chown www:www /data/www/ -R #设置目录所有者    chmod 700 /data/www -R #设置目录权限

服务器相关操作命令service nginx restart #重启nginxservice mysqld restart #重启mysql/usr/local/php/sbin/php-fpm #启动php-fpm/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm restart #重启php-fpm/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm stop #停止php-fpm/etc/rc.d/init.d/php-fpm start #启动php-fpm

安装phpmyadmin

使用filezilla将phpmyadmin的.zip文件放在/www目录下

unzip phpmyadmin-xxxx.zip

mv phpmyadmin-xxx phpmyadmin 重命名

vim /usr/local/nginx/conf/nginx.conf

““shell

在access_log logs/host.access.log main;下面增加

  root /www;    index index.php;

修改：
location ~ [^/].php{
            fastcgi_pass 127.0.0.1:9000;
            fastcgi_param SCRIPT_FILENAMEdocument_root$fastcgi_script_name;

         include fastcgi_params;    }

““

至此，phpmyadmin搭建好了

10.0.162.60/phpmyadmin进入数据库

写个脚本试试

cd /www

vim lnmp

““shell

!/bin/bash

if [ $1 == “start” ]; then
service php-fpm start
service mysqld start
service nginx start
fi

if [ $1 == “stop” ]
then
service php-fpm stop
service mysqld stop
service nginx stop
fi

if [ $1 == “restart” ]
then
service php-fpm restart
service mysqld restart
service nginx restart
fi

““

修改权限

chomd 755 ./lnmp

使用命令的方式：cp ./lnmp /sbin (在/www目录下)

就可以执行 lnmp stop lnmp restart lnmp start啦~~~

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