初学SpringMVC的框架简单搭建以及工作原理实例

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SpringMVC的工作原理与struts2的工作原理差不多,但比struts2更简洁点

1. 导jar包

2. 创建自己起名的spring-servlet.xml文件

命名格式  名称-servlet.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"     xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"    xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"     xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"    xsi:schemaLocation="        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans         http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context         http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.0.xsd"><!-- SpringMVC的注解已经注入 具体到扫描包-->    <context:component-scan base-package="controller"/>    <!-- SpringMVC中的controller中return的值传递给本xml文件，通过该下方式，拼接成相应jsp路径    例如，return 个welcome，直接跳转到/WEB-INF/jsp/welcome.jsp -->    <bean class="org.springframework.web.servlet.view.InternalResourceViewResolver">        <property name="prefix" value="/WEB-INF/jsp/"/>        <property name="suffix" value=".jsp"/>    </bean></beans>

3. web.xml编写配置 (servlet-name中是自己起名的那个名称)

<servlet>        <servlet-name>renjia</servlet-name>        <servlet-class>org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet</servlet-class>        <load-on-startup>1</load-on-startup>    </servlet>    <servlet-mapping>        <servlet-name>renjia</servlet-name>        <url-pattern>/</url-pattern>    </servlet-mapping>

4.编写jsp与Controller

index.jsp

<!-- jsp中表单提交传递action值到controller中，去找相应的注解，去调用对应的方法 -->      <form action="haha" method="post">        action(${action})<br>        姓名：<input type="text" name="name"/><br/>        年龄：<input type="text" name="age"/><br/>        参数：<input type="text" name="str1"/><br/>        <input type="submit" value="提交"/>       </form>

welcome.jsp

<body> <!--  EL表达式接受action传来的参数 -->    welcome!!!${student.name}--->${student.age}---->${str1}</body>

MyController.class

package controller; import java.util.Map;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ModelAttribute;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import bean.Student;@Controllerpublic class MyController{    //1将index页表格信息传入welcome页，用Map向页面传参数    @RequestMapping("/haha")    public String hello(Student student,String str1,Map<String,Object> context){        System.out.println(student.getName());        System.out.println(student.getAge());        System.out.println(str1);        context.put("student",student);        context.put("str1",str1);        return "welcome";    }    //2接受index页面传过来的三个参数  跟index中的name一样    @RequestMapping("/hehe")    public String nihao(HttpServletRequest request,Model model){        System.out.println(request.getParameter("name"));        System.out.println(request.getParameter("age"));        System.out.println(request.getParameter("str1"));        //将student对象和页面传过来的str1放在model里作为一个整体的模型        Student student1 = new Student();        student1.setName(request.getParameter("name"));        student1.setAge(Integer.valueOf(request.getParameter("age")));        model.addAttribute("student",student1);        model.addAttribute("str1", request.getParameter("str1"));        return "welcome";       }    //3用字段的注解的形式创建字段对象，接收index页面传来的字段信息    @RequestMapping("/heihei")    public String hello1(@RequestParam(value="name") String name,            @RequestParam(value="age") int age,            @RequestParam(value="str1") String str1,            Map<String,Object> context){        //想让传递的参数显示在目标的话，传递方式（例Map）需要在传递前就要创建好，否则就会报500空指针        //不能在函数里新创个Map对象来put值再显示在页面        System.out.println(name);        System.out.println(age);        System.out.println(str1);        Student student = new Student();        student.setAge(age);        student.setName(name);        context.put("student", student);        context.put("str1", str1);        return "welcome";    }    //直接用模型注解，将传来的东西给塑造成一个模型给传过来    @RequestMapping("/hengheng")    public String hello2(@ModelAttribute Student student,String str1,            Map<String,Object> context){        System.out.println(student.getAge());        System.out.println(student.getName());        System.out.println(str1);        context.put("student", student);        context.put("str1", str1);        return "welcome";    }}

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