Unity消息机制

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Unity消息机制

在游戏设计中一定要考虑降低模块与模块之间，代码与代码之间的耦合度

using UnityEngine;using System.Collections.Generic;public delegate void CallBackDelegate(params object[] paramList);public class MessageCenter{    /// <summary>    /// 消息名与MessageHandler的映射    /// </summary>    private Dictionary<string, List<MessageHandler>> msgHandlersDic;    private static MessageCenter _msgInstance;    /// <summary>    /// 获取单例    /// </summary>    public static MessageCenter msgInstance    {        get        {            if (_msgInstance == null)            {                _msgInstance = new MessageCenter();                Debug.Log("创建了一个messageCenter");            }            return _msgInstance;        }    }    public MessageCenter()    {        msgHandlersDic = new Dictionary<string, List<MessageHandler>>();    }    /// <summary>    /// 注册一个游戏对象成为观察者    /// </summary>    /// <param name="observer">this 观察者</param>    /// <param name="msgName">消息名</param>    /// <param name="callback">响应此消息的事件，用于接收消息</param>    /// <param name="priority">响应此消息的事件的优先级</param>    public void RegObserver(Component observer, string msgName, CallBackDelegate callback, int priority)    {        RegObserver(msgName, new MessageHandler(observer, callback, priority));    }    /// <summary>    /// 注册一个游戏对象成为观察者    /// </summary>    /// <param name="msgName">消息名</param>    /// <param name="handler">观察者和观察者响应的事件</param>    public void RegObserver(string msgName, MessageHandler handler)    {        if (msgName == null || handler.callback == null)            return;        if (!msgHandlersDic.ContainsKey(msgName))        {            msgHandlersDic[msgName] = new List<MessageHandler>();            msgHandlersDic[msgName].Add(handler);            return;        }        //判断是否已经注册过相同的观察者和响应事件        foreach (MessageHandler item in msgHandlersDic[msgName])        {            if (handler == item) return;        }        //添加一个新的观察者进入观察者队列，并根据优先级排序        for (int i = 0; i < msgHandlersDic[msgName].Count; i++)        {            if (msgHandlersDic[msgName][i].priority > handler.priority)            {                msgHandlersDic[msgName].Insert(i, handler);                return;            }        }        msgHandlersDic[msgName].Add(handler);    }    /// <summary>    /// 移除观察者    /// </summary>    /// <param name="observer">this，移除自身观察者身份</param>    /// <param name="msgName">消息名</param>    /// <param name="callback">响应此消息的事件，用于接收消息</param>    /// <param name="priority">响应此消息的事件的优先级</param>    /// <returns></returns>    public bool RemoveObserver(Component observer, string msgName, CallBackDelegate callback)    {        if (msgName == null || callback == null) return false;        if (!msgHandlersDic.ContainsKey(msgName)) return false;        foreach(MessageHandler item in msgHandlersDic[msgName])        {            if (item.observer == observer && item.callback == callback)                return msgHandlersDic[msgName].Remove(item);        }        return false;    }    /// <summary>    /// 移除观察者    /// </summary>    /// <param name="msgName">消息名</param>    /// <param name="handler">观察者和观察者响应的事件</param>    /// <returns></returns>    public bool RemoveObserver(string msgName, MessageHandler handler)    {        if (msgName == null || handler.callback == null)            return false;        if (!msgHandlersDic.ContainsKey(msgName))            return false;        bool result = msgHandlersDic[msgName].Remove(handler);        if (msgHandlersDic[msgName].Count == 0)            msgHandlersDic.Remove(msgName);        return result;    }    /// <summary>    /// 发送消息    /// </summary>    /// <param name="msgName">消息名</param>    /// <param name="paramArray">发送的消息参数</param>    public void SendMessage(string msgName, params object[] paramArray)    {        if (!msgHandlersDic.ContainsKey(msgName) || msgName == null) return;        List<MessageHandler> handlersToRemove = new List<MessageHandler>();        foreach (MessageHandler item in msgHandlersDic[msgName])        {            {                if (item.observer.gameObject.activeInHierarchy == false)                {                    handlersToRemove.Add(item);//如果当前观察者对象已经被destroy或者disable，移除此观察者                }                else                    item.callback(paramArray);//否则，执行接受消息后的响应事件            }        }        foreach (MessageHandler item in handlersToRemove)            msgHandlersDic[msgName].Remove(item);    }    ~MessageCenter()    {        msgHandlersDic = null;        Debug.Log("执行析构了");    }}/// <summary>/// 观察者与响应事件封装类/// </summary>public class MessageHandler{    private Component _observer;//任何游戏对象都可以成为观察者    private CallBackDelegate _callback;//接收消息后，响应的事件    private int _priority;//响应事件优先级    public Component observer { get { return _observer; } }    public CallBackDelegate callback { get { return _callback; } }    public int priority { get { return _priority; } }    public MessageHandler(Component observer, CallBackDelegate callback,int priority)    {        _observer = observer;        _callback = callback;        _priority = priority;    }}

测试

using UnityEngine;using System.Collections;public class ObserverOne : MonoBehaviour{    void OnEnable()    {        //注册自身成为观察者        MessageCenter.msgInstance.RegObserver(this, "testMsg", ReceiveMsg, 1);    }    public void ReceiveMsg(params object[] msg)    {        Debug.Log(this.name +"  接受到了：  "+ msg[0]);    }}using UnityEngine;using System.Collections;public class ObserverTwo : MonoBehaviour{    void OnEnable()    {        //注册自身成为观察者        MessageCenter.msgInstance.RegObserver(this, "testMsg", ReceiveMsg, 2);    }    public void ReceiveMsg(params object[] msg)    {        Debug.Log(this.name + "  接受到了：  " + msg[0]);    }}using UnityEngine;using System.Collections;public class Test : MonoBehaviour {    /// <summary>    /// 按钮点击方法    /// </summary>public void ClickAndSendMsg()    {        MessageCenter.msgInstance.SendMessage("testMsg", "这是一条消息");    }}

将ClickAndSendMsg方法绑定到测试按钮上，测试结果

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