Knight Moves

Knight Moves

时间限制(普通/Java):3000MS/10000MS          运行内存限制:65536KByte
总提交:29            测试通过:24

描述

A friend of you is doing research on the Traveling Knight Problem (TKP) where you are to find the shortest closed tour of knight moves that visits each square of a given set of n squares on a chessboard exactly once. He thinks that the most difficult part of the problem is determining the smallest number of knight moves between two given squares and that, once you have accomplished this, finding the tour would be easy.
Of course you know that it is vice versa. So you offer him to write a program that solves the "difficult" part.

Your job is to write a program that takes two squares a and b as input and then determines the number of knight moves on a shortest route from a to b.

输入

The input file will contain one or more test cases. Each test case consists of one line containing two squares separated by one space. A square is a string consisting of a letter (a-h) representing the column and a digit (1-8) representing the row on the chessboard.

输出

For each test case, print one line saying "To get from xx to yy takes n knight moves.".

样例输入

e2 e4
a1 b2
b2 c3
a1 h8
a1 h7
h8 a1
b1 c3
f6 f6

样例输出

To get from e2 to e4 takes 2 knight moves.
To get from a1 to b2 takes 4 knight moves.
To get from b2 to c3 takes 2 knight moves.
To get from a1 to h8 takes 6 knight moves.
To get from a1 to h7 takes 5 knight moves.
To get from h8 to a1 takes 6 knight moves.
To get from b1 to c3 takes 1 knight moves.
To get from f6 to f6 takes 0 knight moves.

首先要知道马的走法，走日字。之后用广度优先算法。这道题有点像八皇后问题。

代码如下：

#include<iostream>#include<cstring>#include<cstdio>using namespace std;int p,q,tx,ty,min1;struct node{    int x,y,s;};void bfs(){    int tail,head,i,j,n,m,book[50][50];    struct node que[2500];    int vis[8][2]= {{-2,-1},{-2,1},{-1,2},{1,2},{2,1},{2,-1},{1,-2},{-1,-2}};    memset(book,0,sizeof(book));    head=tail=1;    que[tail].x=tx;    que[tail].y=ty;    book[tx][ty]=1;    tail++;    int f=0;    while(tail>head)    {        for(i=0; i<8; i++)        {            tx=que[head].x+vis[i][0];            ty=que[head].y+vis[i][1];            if(tx<1||ty<1||tx>8||ty>8)                continue;            if(book[tx][ty]==0)            {                book[tx][ty]=1;                que[tail].x=tx;                que[tail].y=ty;                que[tail].s=que[head].s+1;                tail++;            }            if(tx==p&&ty==q)            {                f=1;                break;            }        }        if(f==1)            break;        head++;    }    min1=que[tail-1].s;}int main(){    char a[5],b[5];    while(scanf("%s%s",a,b)!=EOF)    {        tx=a[0]-'a'+1;        ty=a[1]-'0';        p=b[0]-'a'+1;        q=b[1]-'0';        if(tx==p&&ty==q)        {            printf("To get from %s to %s takes 0 knight moves.\n",a,b);        }        else        {            bfs();            printf("To get from %s to %s takes %d knight moves.\n",a,b,min1);        }    }    return 0;}