kali安装后的更新源与安装中文输入法

1.更新软件源：

修改sources.list文件：

vim /etc/apt/sources.list

然后选择添加以下适合自己较快的源（可自由选择喔）： 

#中科大

deb http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

deb-src http://mirrors.ustc.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#阿里云

#deb http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://mirrors.aliyun.com/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#清华大学

#deb http://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#浙大

#deb http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#deb-src http://mirrors.zju.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling main contrib non-free

#东软大学

#deb http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://mirrors.neusoft.edu.cn/kali kali-rolling/main non-free contrib

#官方源

#deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#重庆大学

#deb http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

#deb-src http://http.kali.org/kali kali-rolling main non-free contrib

保存之后运行：

apt-get update      #刷新系统(告诉系统我更新了sources.list哟)

apt-get upgrade    #安装更新(把已经下载好了的软件在新源情况更新一下)

apt-get dist-upgrade     #安装更新2

这里介绍一下 upgrade 和 dist-upgrade的区别

man一下。。

upgrade: upgrade is 

used to install the newest versions of all packages currently installed on the 

system from the sources enumerated in /etc/apt/sources.list. Packages currently 

installed with new versions available are retrieved and upgraded; under no 

circumstances are currently installed packages removed, or packages not already 

installed retrieved and installed. New versions of currently installed packages 

that cannot be upgraded without changing the install status of another package 

will be left at their current version. An update must be performed first so that 

apt-get knows that new versions of packages are available. 

dist-upgrade: dist-upgrade in addition to performing 

the function of upgrade, also intelligently handles changing dependencies with 

new versions of packages; apt-get has a "smart" conflict resolution system, and 

it will attempt to upgrade the most important packages at the expense of 

less

upgrade:系统将现有的Package升级,如果有相依性的问题,而此相依性需要安装其它新的Package或影响到其它Package的相依性时,此Package就不会被升级,会保留下来. 

 

dist-upgrade:可以聪明的解决相依性的问题,如果有相依性问题,需要安装/移除新的Package, 就会试着去安装/移除它. 

(所以通常这个会被认为是有点风险的升级) 

 

apt-get upgrade 和 apt-get dist-upgrade 本质上是没有什么不同的。

 

只不过，dist-upgrade 会识别出当依赖关系改变的情形并作出处理，而upgrade对此情形不处理。

 

例如软件包 a 原先依赖 b c d，但是在源里面可能已经升级了，现在是 a 依赖 b c e。这种情况下，dist-upgrade 会删除 d 安装 e，并把 a 软件包升级，而 upgrade 会认为依赖关系改变而拒绝升级 a。。

简单来说，upgrade之前要先update一下，upgrade不会处理一些依赖性的问题，如果更新的软件出现依赖性的

2 安装中文输入法

在更新源了之后，执行命令

apt-get install fcitx fcitx-googlepinyin

然后reboot之后 去应用程序界面就可以看到企鹅图标的Fcitx了。。

然后 control + space就可以用中文输入法了。。。

因为我用kali也是用一些 内置的安全软件，一般学习办公不会用到太多。。所以，先暂时操作这些吧。。以后需要用到的再补上。