POJ 2594 Treasure Exploration (最小路径覆盖+传递闭包(解决可重点))+传递闭包详解

来源:互联网 发布:json取不到值 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/05/29 15:18


Cow Contest
Time Limit: 1000MS Memory Limit: 65536KTotal Submissions: 10967 Accepted: 6105

Description

N (1 ≤ N ≤ 100) cows, conveniently numbered 1..N, are participating in a programming contest. As we all know, some cows code better than others. Each cow has a certain constant skill rating that is unique among the competitors.

The contest is conducted in several head-to-head rounds, each between two cows. If cow A has a greater skill level than cow B (1 ≤ A ≤ N; 1 ≤ B ≤ NA ≠ B), then cow A will always beat cow B.

Farmer John is trying to rank the cows by skill level. Given a list the results of M (1 ≤ M ≤ 4,500) two-cow rounds, determine the number of cows whose ranks can be precisely determined from the results. It is guaranteed that the results of the rounds will not be contradictory.

Input

* Line 1: Two space-separated integers: N and M
* Lines 2..M+1: Each line contains two space-separated integers that describe the competitors and results (the first integer, A, is the winner) of a single round of competition: A and B

Output

* Line 1: A single integer representing the number of cows whose ranks can be determined
 

Sample Input

5 54 34 23 21 22 5

Sample Output

2

题意:有n个地点,现在给出m条单向道路,问最少放多少人可以覆盖所有点,一个地点可以重复经过。


首先说一下传递闭包的知识:(转自:点击打开链接)

1、问题引入

  一个有n个顶点的有向图的传递闭包为:有向图中的初始路径可达情况可以参见其邻接矩阵A,邻接矩阵中A[i,j]表示i到j是否直接可达,若直接可达,则A[i,j]记为1,否则记为0;两个有向图中i到j有路径表示从i点开始经过其他点(或者不经过其他点)能够到达j点,如果i到j有路径,则将T[i,j]设置为1,否则设置为0;有向图的传递闭包表示从邻接矩阵A出发,求的所有节点间的路径可达情况,该矩阵就为所要求的传递闭包矩阵。。。

例如:

有向图为:

由该有向图可以得到初始的邻接矩阵为:

那么warshall传递闭包算法的目的就是由邻接矩阵出发,进行探索求出最终的传递闭包:

通俗点:

所谓传递性,可以这样理解:对于一个节点i,如果j能到i,i能到k,那么j就能到k。求传递闭包,就是把图中所有满足这样传递性的节点都弄出来,计算完成后,我们也就知道任意两个节点之间是否相连。 


思路:这题和POJ1422(点击打开)很像,但有个关键的差别,1422每个点只能经过一次,而这题可以重复经过。


如果只能经过一次,那么直接匈牙利就行,但如果可以经过多次,就需要先利用floyd求解下传递闭包加一些


新边再来求解, 具体求解方法就是枚举每个中间点, 枚举起点,终点, 题目保证无环的(如果有环,就不能匈牙利求最小路径覆盖了),所以大胆做就好了。


关于题目的进一步解释:转自:点击打开链接

比如直接求最短路径覆盖的话,上图情况如果求出1-2匹配,2-4匹配,那么3-2-5这条路径就已经被切断不存在了,因为2不能再走了

实际上2还是可以走的。按照上图,答案是5-最大匹配=5-2=3,实际上答案是2

#include <iostream>#include <algorithm>#include <cstring>#include <cstdio>#include <vector>using namespace std;const int maxn = 505;int link[maxn][maxn], match[maxn], book[maxn], n, m;vector<int> v[maxn];void floyd(){    for(int k = 1; k <= n; k++)        for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)            if(link[i][k])                for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++)                    if(link[k][j])                        link[i][j] = 1;    for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)        for(int j = 1; j <= n; j++)            if(link[i][j])                v[i].push_back(j);}int Find(int x){    for(int i = 0; i < v[x].size(); i++)    {        int to = v[x][i];        if(book[to]) continue;        book[to] = 1;        if(!match[to] || Find(match[to]))        {            match[to] = x;            return 1;        }    }    return 0;}int main(){    while(~scanf("%d%d", &n, &m), n+m)    {        memset(link, 0, sizeof(link));        memset(match, 0, sizeof(match));        for(int i = 0; i <= n; i++)            v[i].clear();        int x, y, ans = 0;        for(int i = 1; i <= m; i++)            scanf("%d%d", &x, &y), link[x][y] = 1;        floyd();        for(int i = 1; i <= n; i++)        {            memset(book, 0, sizeof(book));            ans += Find(i);        }        printf("%d\n", n-ans);    }    return 0;}


阅读全文
0 0
原创粉丝点击