Microbiome：肠道菌群失衡促进高血压

肠道菌群失衡促进高血压

简介

这篇文章2017年初发表在Microbiome上。使用宏基因组和宏代谢组技术，研究高血压人群与健康人群的肠道菌群差异。即发现了差异菌，又发现了差异代谢物，同时还有粪便移值的动物实验证实菌群与高血压的因果关系。技术路线和逻辑清楚，值得学习，推荐阅读。

赵方庆

这篇文章有19名作者，15个单位。大部分我不熟，只有第二作者(共一)赵方庆老师比较熟。赵老师是中科院北京生科院的研究员，之前人事关系在我们遗传发育所，集体活动经常见面；而且我的导师经常请赵老师指导组内学生的各类开题、中期、答辩等活动。

赵老师主要研究方向有基因组变异与精准医学、环形非编码RNA组学、宏基因组技术与人体健康三块。每块都做的非常好，具体成果详见引文的赵老师个人主页。

单看宏基因组领域，近两年赵老师已经发表了7篇高水平文章

今天我把赵老师合作的最新文章解读分析给大家。

摘要

背景

近年来，己有研究表明代谢疾病(尤其心脑血管疾病)与肠道微生物组高度相关。高血压是世界范围内最广泛的心脑血管疾病之一，而是否肠道菌群稳乱参与高血压的形成仍然未知。为研究这一科学问题，我们对14个健康人员做对照，56个高血压前期和99个高血压患者，进行宏基因组和宏代谢组学分析，并移植病人粪便菌群于无菌小鼠进行验证。

结果

与健康对照相比，疾病组的微生物丰富度和多样性显著下降、普氏菌占优的肠型、宏基因组中有益菌明显降低、普氏菌和克雷伯氏菌过度生长等，表明微生物功能与疾病关联。意外的是，高血压前期和高血压患者的微生物组非常相似。它们与对照料相比代谢的改变，也与微生物组的变化相关。研究者建立了基于菌群并能从对照组准确区分高血压前期和高血压个体的分类器，可能在高血压早期诊断中有应用价值；将患者菌群转入无菌小鼠，发现小鼠血压升高。

结论

本文报导了一种新的关系：肠道菌群异常在高血压发病机理中的作用。并强调在高血压前期阶段的早期干预是非常重要的。

关键字

高血压、前高血压、肠道菌群、代谢物、粪便移植

主要结果

图1. 与对照相比，高血压和前高血压微生物多样性下降

图2. 组间属水平存在显著差异

图3. 与对照相比，上调或下调菌类型的相关网络分析

图4. 差异基因的功能描述

图5. 差异代谢物的展示

图6. 基因实验组特征值建立的分类器，良好区分健康或病人

图7. 粪便移植无菌小鼠血压升高

热心肠日报：科普短文

蔡军+朱宝利+杨新春等：肠道菌群失衡促进高血压

02-27 热心肠日报

原标题：肠道菌群失衡促进高血压的发展

① 分析41名健康人、56名高血压前期和99名原发性高血压患者的宏基因组和代谢组；

② 高血压前期和高血压患者的菌群失衡且非常类似，且均与宿主的代谢变化紧密相关；

③ 两个患者组均表现出：微生物丰度和多样性明显降低，普氏菌占优的肠型，有益菌明显降低而普氏菌和克雷伯氏菌过度生长，微生物功能与疾病关联；

④ 研究者建立了基于菌群并能从对照组准确区分高血压前期和高血压个体的分类器；

⑤ 将患者菌群转入无菌小鼠，发现小鼠血压升高。

英文摘要

Microbiome [IF:8.496]
Gut microbiota dysbiosis contributes to the development of hypertension
DOI: 10.1186/s40168-016-0222-x
Abstract:
BACKGROUND Recently, the potential role of gut microbiome in metabolic diseases has been revealed, especially in cardiovascular diseases. Hypertension is one of the most prevalent cardiovascular diseases worldwide, yet whether gut microbiota dysbiosis participates in the development of hypertension remains largely unknown. To investigate this issue, we carried out comprehensive metagenomic and metabolomic analyses in a cohort of 41 healthy controls, 56 subjects with pre-hypertension, 99 individuals with primary hypertension, and performed fecal microbiota transplantation from patients to germ-free mice.
RESULTS Compared to the healthy controls, we found dramatically decreased microbial richness and diversity, Prevotella-dominated gut enterotype, distinct metagenomic composition with reduced bacteria associated with healthy status and overgrowth of bacteria such as Prevotella and Klebsiella, and disease-linked microbial function in both pre-hypertensive and hypertensive populations. Unexpectedly, the microbiome characteristic in pre-hypertension group was quite similar to that in hypertension. The metabolism changes of host with pre-hypertension or hypertension were identified to be closely linked to gut microbiome dysbiosis. And a disease classifier based on microbiota and metabolites was constructed to discriminate pre-hypertensive and hypertensive individuals from controls accurately. Furthermore, by fecal transplantation from hypertensive human donors to germ-free mice, elevated blood pressure was observed to be transferrable through microbiota, and the direct influence of gut microbiota on blood pressure of the host was demonstrated.
CONCLUSIONS Overall, our results describe a novel causal role of aberrant gut microbiota in contributing to the pathogenesis of hypertension. And the significance of early intervention for pre-hypertension was emphasized.
First Authors:
Jing Li,Fangqing Zhao,Yidan Wang,Junru Chen,Jie Tao
Correspondence:
Xinchun Yang,Baoli Zhu,Jun Cai
All Authors:
Jing Li,Fangqing Zhao,Yidan Wang,Junru Chen,Jie Tao,Gang Tian,Shouling Wu,Wenbin Liu,Qinghua Cui,Bin Geng,Weili Zhang,Ryan Weldon,Kelda Auguste,Lei Yang,Xiaoyan Liu,Li Chen,Xinchun Yang,Baoli Zhu,Jun Cai
2017-02-01Article

Reference

1. 文章地址 https://microbiomejournal.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/s40168-016-0222-x
2. 短科普 http://www.xunludkp.com/papers/read/1083526920?kf=mobile.search
3. 赵方庆简介 http://sourcedb.biols.cas.cn/cn/rck/yjdw/201309/t20130923_3936798.html
4. 赵方庆实验室主页 http://bioinfo.biols.ac.cn/

阅读更多微生物组文章，欢迎扫码关注“植物微生物组”