(作业)Swift类的属性与方法

话不多说，先贴作业要求

因为Person类需要一个枚举类型的gender，所以先定义枚举

//性别的枚举enum Gender: Int {    case male    //男性    case female  //女性    case unknow  //未知        //重载>操作符，方便后面排序使用    static func >(lhs: Gender, rhs: Gender) -> Bool {        return lhs.rawValue < rhs.rawValue    }}

然后定义Person类

//人类class Person: CustomStringConvertible  {    var firstName: String  //姓    var lastName: String  //名    var age: Int  //年龄    var gender: Gender  //性别        var fullName: String {  //全名        get {            return firstName + lastName        }    }        //构造方法    init(firstName: String, lastName: String, age: Int, gender: Gender) {        self.firstName = firstName        self.lastName = lastName        self.age = age        self.gender = gender    }        convenience init(firstName: String, age: Int, gender: Gender) {        self.init(firstName: firstName, lastName: "", age: age, gender: gender)    }        convenience init(firstName: String) {        self.init(firstName: firstName, age: 0, gender: Gender.unknow)    }        required convenience init() {        self.init(firstName: "")    }        //重载==    static func ==(lhs: Person, rhs: Person) -> Bool {        return lhs.fullName == rhs.fullName && lhs.age == rhs.age && lhs.gender == rhs.gender    }        //重载!=    static func !=(lhs: Person, rhs: Person) -> Bool {        return !(lhs == rhs)    }        //实现CustomStringConvertible协议中的计算属性，可以使用print直接输出对象内容    var description: String {        return "fullName: \(self.fullName), age: \(self.age), gender: \(self.gender)"    }}var p1 = Person(firstName: "张")var p2 = Person(firstName: "张", age: 20, gender: .male)print(p1)  //输出fullName: 张, age: 0, gender: maleprint(p1 == p2)  //输出falseprint(p1 != p2)  //输出true

然后定义Teacher类

//教师类class Teacher: Person {    var title: String  //标题        //构造方法    init(title: String, firstName: String, lastName: String, age: Int, gender: Gender) {        self.title = title        super.init(firstName: firstName, lastName: lastName, age: age, gender: gender)    }        init(title: String) {        self.title = title        super.init(firstName: "", lastName: "", age: 0, gender: .unknow)    }        convenience required init() {        self.init(title: "")    }        //重写父类的计算属性    override var description: String {        return "title: \(self.title), fullName: \(self.fullName), age: \(self.age), gender: \(self.gender)"    }}var t1 = Teacher(title: "hello")print(t1)  //输出title: hello, fullName: , age: 0, gender: unknow

再定义Student类

//学生类class Student: Person {    var stuNo: Int  //学号        //构造方法    init(stuNo: Int, firstName: String, lastName: String, age: Int, gender: Gender) {        self.stuNo = stuNo        super.init(firstName: firstName, lastName: lastName, age: age, gender: gender)    }        init(stuNo: Int) {        self.stuNo = stuNo        super.init(firstName: "", lastName: "", age: 0, gender: Gender.unknow)    }        required convenience init() {        self.init(stuNo: 0)    }        //重写父类的计算属性    override var description: String {        return "stuNo: \(self.stuNo), fullName: \(self.fullName), age: \(self.age), gender: \(self.gender)"    }}var s1 = Student(stuNo: 2015110101)print(s1)  //输出stuNo: 2015110101, fullName: , age: 0, gender: unknow

最后按要求创建数组和字典并进行相应的操作

//初始化一个空的Person数组var array = [Person]()//生成5个Person对象for i in 1...5 {    let temp = Person(firstName: "张", lastName: "\(i)", age: 20, gender: .male)    array.append(temp)}//生成3个Teacher对象for i in 1...3 {    let temp = Teacher(title: "hello", firstName: "李", lastName: "\(i)", age: 21, gender: .female)    array.append(temp)}//生成4个Student对象for i in 1..<5 {    let temp = Student(stuNo: 2015110100 + i, firstName: "王", lastName: "\(i)", age: 19, gender: .male)    array.append(temp)}//定义一个字典，用于统计每个类的对象个数var dict = ["Person": 0, "Teacher": 0, "Student": 0]for item in array {    if item is Teacher {  //是否是Teacher类        dict["Teacher"]! += 1    } else if item is Student {  //是否是Student        dict["Student"]! += 1    } else {  //Person类        dict["Person"]! += 1    }}//输出字典值for (key, value) in dict {    print("\(key) has \(value) items")}//原始数组print("------------------------------")for item in array {    print(item)}//根据age从大到小排序print("------------------------------")array.sort { return $0.age > $1.age}for item in array {    print(item)}//根据全名从前往后排序print("------------------------------")array.sort { return $0.fullName < $1.fullName}for item in array {    print(item)}//根据gender和age从大往小排序print("------------------------------")array.sort { return ($0.gender > $1.gender) && ($0.age > $1.age) }for item in array {    print(item)}

最后这段代码的输出结果如下：