leetcode 684. Redundant Connection
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写在前面
contest 51 的第三题。这题如果知道并查集,基本上写出来就AC了,关键还是对并查集的理解和熟悉程度。
题目描述
We are given a “tree” in the form of a 2D-array, with distinct values for each node.
In the given 2D-array, each element pair [u, v] represents that v is a child of u in the tree.
We can remove exactly one redundant pair in this “tree” to make the result a tree.
You need to find and output such a pair. If there are multiple answers for this question, output the one appearing last in the 2D-array. There is always at least one answer.
Example 1:
Input: [[1,2], [1,3], [2,3]]
Output: [2,3]
Explanation: Original tree will be like this:
1
/ \
2 - 3
Example 2:
Input: [[1,2], [1,3], [3,1]]
Output: [3,1]
Explanation: Original tree will be like this:
1
/ \
2 3
Note:
The size of the input 2D-array will be between 1 and 1000.
Every integer represented in the 2D-array will be between 1 and 2000.
思路分析
简单讲就是在图中找出多余的边,该边对已存在的结点连通性没有任何影响,即,边上的两个结点已经是连通状态(connected)。这其实跟并查集的定义非常相近,我们只需要不断union未连通的结点,遇到connected的结点,return这条边即可。关于并查集,请仔细阅读这篇博客(并查集介绍),最好能够自己写出并查集代码。
代码实现
AC代码中的并查集实现基本上以上述博客为准,代码中所做的操作就是简单的union和判断是否连通(connected)。
class Solution { public: class UF { private: vector<int> id; vector<int> sz; int c; public: UF(int N):c(N) { for(int i = 0;i<N;++i) { id.push_back(i); sz.push_back(1); } } int count(){return c;}; bool connected(int p,int q) {return find(p) == find(q);} int find(int p) { while(p!=id[p]) { id[p] = id[id[p]]; p = id[p]; } return p; } void UN(int p,int q) { int i = find(p); int j = find(q); if(i==j) return; if(sz[i]<sz[j]) { id[i] = j; sz[j] += sz[i]; } else { id[j] = i; sz[i]+=sz[j]; } c--; } };public: vector<int> findRedundantConnection(vector<vector<int>>& edges) { // 并查集 // 第一步 构建并查集 UF uf(2001); for(auto&val:edges) { if(uf.connected(val[0]-1,val[1]-1)) return val; uf.UN(val[0]-1,val[1]-1); } return {}; }};
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