SpringMVC详细示例实战教程(二)

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十三、返回json格式的字符串

  1.导入以下jar包

  2.方法代码

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@Controller
@RequestMapping("/json")
public class jsonController {
     
    @ResponseBody
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public User get(){
        User u = newUser();
        u.setId(1);
        u.setName("jayjay");
        u.setBirth(newDate());
        returnu;
    }
}

 十四、异常的处理

  1.处理局部异常(Controller内)

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@ExceptionHandler
public ModelAndView exceptionHandler(Exception ex){
    ModelAndView mv = newModelAndView("error");
    mv.addObject("exception", ex);
    System.out.println("in testExceptionHandler");
    returnmv;
}
    
@RequestMapping("/error")
public String error(){
    inti = 5/0;
    return"hello";
}

  2.处理全局异常(所有Controller)

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@ControllerAdvice
public class testControllerAdvice {
    @ExceptionHandler
    public ModelAndView exceptionHandler(Exception ex){
        ModelAndView mv = newModelAndView("error");
        mv.addObject("exception", ex);
        System.out.println("in testControllerAdvice");
        returnmv;
    }
}

  3.另一种处理全局异常的方法

  在SpringMVC配置文件中配置

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<!-- configure SimpleMappingExceptionResolver -->
<beanclass="org.<span id="16_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="16_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="16"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.web.<spanid="17_nwp"style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="17_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=servlet&k0=servlet&kdi0=0&luki=5&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="17"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">servlet</span></a></span>.handler.SimpleMappingExceptionResolver">
    <propertyname="exceptionMappings">
        <props>
            <propkey="java.lang.ArithmeticException">error</prop>
        </props>
    </property>
</bean>

  error是出错页面

 十五、设置一个自定义拦截器

  1.创建一个MyInterceptor类,并实现HandlerInterceptor接口

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public class MyInterceptor implementsHandlerInterceptor {
 
    @Override
    public void afterCompletion(HttpServletRequest arg0,
            HttpServletResponse arg1, Object arg2, Exception arg3)
            throwsException {
        System.out.println("afterCompletion");
    }
 
    @Override
    public void postHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,
            Object arg2, ModelAndView arg3) throwsException {
        System.out.println("postHandle");
    }
 
    @Override
    public boolean preHandle(HttpServletRequest arg0, HttpServletResponse arg1,
            Object arg2) throwsException {
        System.out.println("preHandle");
        returntrue;
    }
 
}

  2.在SpringMVC的配置文件中配置

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<!-- interceptor setting -->
<<spanid="15_nwp"style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="15_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=mvc&k0=mvc&kdi0=0&luki=10&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="15"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">mvc</span></a></span>:interceptors>
    <mvc:interceptor>
        <mvc:mappingpath="/mvc/**"/>
        <beanclass="test.SpringMVC.Interceptor.MyInterceptor"></bean>
    </mvc:interceptor>       
</mvc:interceptors>

  3.拦截器执行顺序

 十六、表单的验证(使用Hibernate-validate)及国际化

  1.导入Hibernate-validate需要的jar包

(未选中不用导入)

  2.编写实体类User并加上验证注解

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public class User {
    public int getId() {
        returnid;
    }
    public void setId(intid) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }
    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id="  + id + ", name="  + name + ", birth="  + birth + "]";
    }   
    private int id;
    @NotEmpty
    private String name;
 
    @Past
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
    private Date birth;
}

  ps:@Past表示时间必须是一个过去值

  3.在jsp中使用SpringMVC的form表单

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<form:formaction="form/add"method="post"modelAttribute="user">
    id:<form:inputpath="id"/><form:errorspath="id"/><br>
    name:<form:inputpath="name"/><form:errorspath="name"/><br>
    birth:<form:inputpath="birth"/><form:errorspath="birth"/>
    <inputtype="submit"value="submit">
</form:form>

  ps:path对应name

  4.Controller中代码

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@Controller
@RequestMapping("/form")
public class formController {
    @RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.POST)   
    public String add(@ValidUser u,BindingResult br){
        if(br.getErrorCount()>0){           
            return "addUser";
        }
        return "showUser";
    }
     
    @RequestMapping(value="/add",method=RequestMethod.GET)
    public String add(Map<String,Object> map){
        map.put("user",newUser());
        return "addUser";
    }
}

  ps:

  1.因为jsp中使用了modelAttribute属性,所以必须在request域中有一个"user".

  2.@Valid 表示按照在实体上标记的注解验证参数

  3.返回到原页面错误信息回回显,表单也会回显

  5.错误信息自定义

  在src目录下添加locale.properties

NotEmpty.user.name=name can't not be emptyPast.user.birth=birth should be a past valueDateTimeFormat.user.birth=the format of input is wrongtypeMismatch.user.birth=the format of input is wrongtypeMismatch.user.id=the format of input is wrong

  在SpringMVC配置文件中配置

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<!-- configure the locale resource -->
<beanid="messageSource"class="org.<span id="12_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="12_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="12"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.context.support.ResourceBundleMessageSource">
    <propertyname="basename"value="locale"></property>
</bean>

  6.国际化显示

  在src下添加locale_zh_CN.properties

username=账号password=密码

  locale.properties中添加

username=user namepassword=password

  创建一个locale.jsp

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<body>
  <fmt:messagekey="username"></fmt:message>
  <fmt:messagekey="password"></fmt:message>
</body>

  在SpringMVC中配置

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<!-- make the jsp page can be visited -->
<<spanid="11_nwp"style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="11_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=mvc&k0=mvc&kdi0=0&luki=10&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="11"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">mvc</span></a></span>:view-controller path="/locale" view-name="locale"/>

  让locale.jsp在WEB-INF下也能直接访问

  最后,访问locale.jsp,切换浏览器语言,能看到账号和密码的语言也切换了

 十七、压轴大戏--整合SpringIOC和SpringMVC

  1.创建一个test.SpringMVC.integrate的包用来演示整合,并创建各类

  2.User实体类

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public class User {
    public int getId() {
        return id;
    }
    public void setId(intid) {
        this.id = id;
    }
    public String getName() {
        return name;
    }
    public void setName(String name) {
        this.name = name;
    }
    public Date getBirth() {
        return birth;
    }
    public void setBirth(Date birth) {
        this.birth = birth;
    }
    @Override
    public String toString() {
        return "User [id="  + id + ", name="  + name + ", birth="  + birth + "]";
    }   
    private int id;
    @NotEmpty
    private String name;
 
    @Past
    @DateTimeFormat(pattern="yyyy-MM-dd")
    private Date birth;
}

  3.UserService类

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@Component
public class UserService {
    public UserService(){
        System.out.println("UserService Constructor...\n\n\n\n\n\n");
    }
     
    public void save(){
        System.out.println("save");
    }
}

  4.UserController

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@Controller
@RequestMapping("/integrate")
public class UserController {
    @Autowired
    private UserService userService;
     
    @RequestMapping("/user")
    public String saveUser(@RequestBody@ModelAttribute User u){
        System.out.println(u);
        userService.save();
        return "hello";
    }
}

  5.Spring配置文件

  在src目录下创建SpringIOC的配置文件applicationContext.xml

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<?xmlversion="1.0"encoding="UTF-8"?>
<beansxmlns="http://www.<span id="4_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="4_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="4"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.org/schema/beans"
    xmlns:<spanid="5_nwp"style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="5_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=xsi&k0=xsi&kdi0=0&luki=6&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="5"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">xsi</span></a></span>="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
    xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans 
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/util/spring-util-4.0.xsd
        http://www.springframework.org/schema/context
        http://www.<spanid="6_nwp"style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="6_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="6"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.org/schema/context/spring-context.xsd
        "
        <spanid="7_nwp"style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="7_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=xml&k0=xml&kdi0=0&luki=3&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="7"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">xml</span></a></span>ns:util="http://www.springframework.org/schema/util"
        xmlns:p="http://www.springframework.org/schema/p"
        xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"   
        >
    <context:component-scanbase-package="test.SpringMVC.integrate">
        <context:exclude-filtertype="annotation"
            expression="org.<span id="8_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="8_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="8"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        <context:exclude-filtertype="annotation"
            expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>       
    </context:component-scan>
     
</beans>

  在Web.xml中添加配置

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<!-- configure the springIOC -->
<listener>
    <listener-class>org.springframework.web.context.ContextLoaderListener</listener-class>
</listener>
<context-param
  <param-name>contextConfigLocation</param-name
  <param-value>classpath:applicationContext.<spanid="3_nwp"style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="3_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=xml&k0=xml&kdi0=0&luki=3&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="3"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">xml</span></a></span></param-value>
</context-param>

  6.在SpringMVC中进行一些配置,防止SpringMVC和SpringIOC对同一个对象的管理重合

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<!-- scan the package and the sub package -->
    <context:component-scanbase-package="test.SpringMVC.integrate">
        <context:include-filtertype="annotation"
            expression="org.<span id="2_nwp" style="width: auto; height: auto; float: none;"><aid="2_nwl"href="http://cpro.baidu.com/cpro/ui/uijs.php?adclass=0&app_id=0&c=news&cf=1001&ch=0&di=128&fv=18&is_app=0&jk=e36ef11d8131b478&k=spring&k0=spring&kdi0=0&luki=7&mcpm=0&n=10&p=baidu&q=06011078_cpr&rb=0&rs=1&seller_id=1&sid=78b431811df16ee3&ssp2=1&stid=9&t=tpclicked3_hc&td=1922429&tu=u1922429&u=http%3A%2F%2Fwww%2Eadmin10000%2Ecom%2Fdocument%2F6436%2Ehtml&urlid=0"target="_blank"mpid="2"style="text-decoration: none;"><spanstyle="color:#0000ff;font-size:14px;width:auto;height:auto;float:none;">spring</span></a></span>framework.stereotype.Controller"/>
        <context:include-filtertype="annotation"
            expression="org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ControllerAdvice"/>
    </context:component-scan>

 十八、SpringMVC详细运行流程图

 十九、SpringMVC与struts2的区别

  1、springmvc基于方法开发的,struts2基于类开发的。springmvc将url和controller里的方法映射。映射成功后springmvc生成一个Handler对象,对象中只包括了一个method。方法执行结束,形参数据销毁。springmvc的controller开发类似web service开发。

  2、springmvc可以进行单例开发,并且建议使用单例开发,struts2通过类的成员变量接收参数,无法使用单例,只能使用多例。

  3、经过实际测试,struts2速度慢,在于使用struts标签,如果使用struts建议使用jstl。

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