golang遍历结构体（struct）字段对应的值，切片（slice），字典（map）

一、遍历结构体字段：
eg1:

package mainimport (    "fmt"    "reflect")type person struct {    name string    age  int}func main() {    v := reflect.ValueOf(person{"steve", 30})    count := v.NumField()    for i := 0; i < count; i++ {        f := v.Field(i)        switch f.Kind() {        case reflect.String:            fmt.Println(f.String())        case reflect.Int:            fmt.Println(f.Int())        }    }}

输出结果：
steve
30
eg2:

package mainimport (    "fmt"    "reflect")type NotknownType struct {    s1, s2, s3 string}var secret interface{} = NotknownType{"Ada", "Go", "Oberon"}func main() {    value := reflect.ValueOf(secret)    for i := 0; i < value.NumField(); i++ {        fmt.Printf("Field %d: %v\n", i, value.Field(i))    }}

输出结果：
Field 0: Ada
Field 1: Go
Field 2: Oberon

二、遍历切片：
for range 结构

package mainimport (    "fmt")func main(){    slice := []string{"hello","world","hello","everyone!"}    for k,val:=range slice{        fmt.Printf("slice %d is :%s\n",k,val )    }}

输出结果：
slice 0 is :hello
slice 1 is :world
slice 2 is :hello
slice 3 is :everyone!

三、遍历map：

package mainimport (    "fmt")func main() {    m := make(map[string]string)    m["1"] = "hello"    m["2"] = "world"    m["3"] = "go"    m["4"] = "is"    m["5"] = "cool"    fmt.Printf("The corresponding relationship between key and value is:\n")    for key, val := range m {        fmt.Printf("%v===>%v\n", key, val)    }}

输出结果：
The corresponding relationship between key and value is:
1===>hello
2===>world
3===>go
4===>is
5===>cool

但是还有一个问题，上面的程序不做改动运行第二次，结果顺序就会改变，因为map遍历出来结果是无序的，这不好控制，也不利于业务逻辑;当业务依赖key次序时，需要引入“sort”包来解决随机化问题
代码如下：

package mainimport (    "fmt"    "sort")func main() {    m := make(map[string]string)    m["1"] = "hello"    m["2"] = "world"    m["3"] = "go"    m["4"] = "is"    m["5"] = "cool"    sorted_keys := make([]string, 0)    for k, _ := range m {        sorted_keys = append(sorted_keys, k)    }    sort.Strings(sorted_keys)    for _, k := range sorted_keys {        fmt.Printf("%v=====>%v\n", k, m[k])    }}

输出结果是：
1=====>hello
2=====>world
3=====>go
4=====>is
5=====>cool
注意：
输出的结果运行多次不会改变顺序。
但是key的先后顺序是按照字母或者数字排列的。