用quartz调度定时工作
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quartz 是著名的 opensymphony 的一个项目，是一个全能型的调度系统，可以在j2ee中使用，也可以独立运行。
quartz的网站上的文档写的比较清晰明了，入门很容易，不过要使用其全部功能估计还是要费点功夫。
quartz支持插件型功能扩展，使用者可以自己编写适合的插件。
下面是一个入门的例子：
1.要求：定义两个工作，设定这两个工作的运行时间和间隔时间，这两个工作使用数据库作为持久化，运行后会发送email到指定地址。
2.quartz 的配置：
配置quartz只需要配置一个文件：quartz.properties。此文件的原型在 quartz-1.4.5/docs/config 目录下面，将example_quartz.properties拷贝到java源文件目录并改名为quartz.properties。
quartz的配置主要选项：
数据库配置：
org.quartz.jobStore.class = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreTX
org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass = org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.MSSQLDelegate
org.quartz.jobStore.useProperties = false
org.quartz.jobStore.dataSource = myDS
org.quartz.jobStore.tablePrefix = QRTZ_
org.quartz.jobStore.isClustered = false
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.driver = com.microsoft.jdbc.sqlserver.SQLServerDriver
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.URL = jdbc:microsoft:sqlserver://hr:1433;SelectMethod=cursor
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.user = hradmin
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.password = admin
org.quartz.dataSource.myDS.maxConnections = 10
这是mssql数据库的配置，其他数据库请配置适合的org.quartz.jobStore.driverDelegateClass名称。
这里配置的数据源名称为 myDS 。这唯一标志了这个数据连接。将在取得数据库连接的时候使用到。
org.quartz.plugin.jobInitializer.fileName = data/my_job_data.xml
这里指定的初始化文件名称必须具有此文件，否则quartz不能运行。这里建立了一个空文件。
quartz的数据库脚本放在 quartz-1.4.5/docs/dbTables 目录，支持常用的数据库。
3.调度主类：
package com.demo.job;主类中有俩个工作加入调度队列：SampleJob 和SecondJob
import java.util.Date;
import org.apache.commons.logging.Log;
import org.apache.commons.logging.LogFactory;
import org.quartz.Calendar;
import org.quartz.JobDetail;
import org.quartz.Scheduler;
import org.quartz.SchedulerFactory;
import org.quartz.SimpleTrigger;
import org.quartz.impl.calendar.AnnualCalendar;
public class LoadJob {
public static void LoadJob(SchedulerFactory sf) throws Exception {
Log lg = LogFactory.getLog(LoadJob.class);
lg.info("------- 初始化 -------------------");
Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler();
lg.warn(" *** 正在删除现有的工作和触发器 ***");
String[] groups = sched.getTriggerGroupNames();
for (int i = 0; i < groups.length; i++) {
String[] names = sched.getTriggerNames(groups[i]);
for (int j = 0; j < names.length; j++)
sched.unscheduleJob(names[j], groups[i]);
}
groups = sched.getJobGroupNames();
for (int i = 0; i < groups.length; i++) {
String[] names = sched.getJobNames(groups[i]);
for (int j = 0; j < names.length; j++)
sched.deleteJob(names[j], groups[i]);
}
lg.info("------- 初始化完毕 -----------");
lg.info("------- 安排工作-----------");
String schedId = sched.getSchedulerInstanceId();
int count = 1;
JobDetail job = new JobDetail("job_" + count, "sampleJob",
SecondJob.class);
SimpleTrigger trigger = new SimpleTrigger("trig_" + count, "sampleJob");
Calendar cal=null;
//如果是一天一次的job
cal = new AnnualCalendar();
java.util.Calendar rightNow = java.util.Calendar.getInstance();
long repeatInterval=24*60*60000;
//long repeatInterval=10000;
trigger = new SimpleTrigger("Trigger",
Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, rightNow.getTime(), null,
SimpleTrigger.REPEAT_INDEFINITELY, repeatInterval);
// Trigger 关联一个Calendar, batchinfo.getName()唯一表示一个Calendar
trigger.setCalendarName("sampleJob");
sched.addCalendar("sampleJob", cal, true, true);
sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
lg.info("...调度工作1..");
count++;
job = new JobDetail("job_" + count, "secondjob",
SampleJob.class);
trigger = new SimpleTrigger("trig_" + count, "secondjob");
//如果是一天一次的job
cal = new AnnualCalendar();
//rightNow = java.util.Calendar.getInstance();
Date startTime = new Date(System.currentTimeMillis() + 10000L
+ (count * 100));
trigger = new SimpleTrigger("TriggerContract",
Scheduler.DEFAULT_GROUP, startTime, null,
SimpleTrigger.REPEAT_INDEFINITELY, repeatInterval);
// Trigger 关联一个Calendar, batchinfo.getName()唯一表示一个Calendar
trigger.setCalendarName("contractjob");
sched.addCalendar("contractjob", cal, true, true);
sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger);
lg.info("...调度工作2..");
lg.info("完成安排所有"+count+"个工作.");
lg.info("------- 开始调度 ----------------");
// jobs dont start firing until start() has been called...
sched.start();
lg.info("------- 调度已经开始完毕 -----------------");
lg.info("------- 调度运行中... -----------------------");
try{
Thread.sleep(80000L);
}catch(Exception e){
e.printStackTrace();
}
sched.shutdown();
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
try {
boolean clearJobs = false;
boolean scheduleJobs = true;
for (int i = 0; i < args.length; i++) {
if (args[i].equals("clearJobs")) clearJobs = true;
if (args[i].equals("dontScheduleJobs")) scheduleJobs = false;
}
LoadJob(new org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
}
SampleJob:
package com.demo.job;SecondJob:
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.quartz.JobPersistenceException;
import org.quartz.jobs.ee.mail.SendMailJob;
import org.quartz.utils.DBConnectionManager;
public class SampleJob implements Job {
public SampleJob() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
System.err.println("--->" + context.getJobDetail().getFullName()
+ " executing.[" + new Date() + "]");
JobDataMap data = context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("quartz");
String smtp = bundle.getString("org.qurtz.job.mail.smtp.host");
String recipient = bundle.getString("org.qurtz.job.mail.smtp.recipient");
String sender = bundle.getString("org.qurtz.job.mail.smtp.sender");
data.put(SendMailJob.PROP_SMTP_HOST,smtp);
// data.put(SendMailJob.PROP_RECIPIENT,recipient);
data.put(SendMailJob.PROP_SENDER,sender);
int predate = 45;
try {
try {
System.out.println("取得连接对象");
Connection con = getConnection();
//在此进行数据库操作
//....
//在此发送邮件
data.put(SendMailJob.PROP_RECIPIENT,recipient);
data.put(SendMailJob.PROP_SUBJECT,"subject");
data.put(SendMailJob.PROP_MESSAGE,"message");
SendMailJob mailjob = new SendMailJob();
mailjob.execute(context);
con.close();
} catch (ClassCastException ignoree) {
}
} catch (Exception ignore) {
ignore.printStackTrace();
}
System.err.println("--- " + context.getJobDetail().getFullName()
+ " complete.[" + new Date() + "]");
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
protected Connection getConnection() throws JobPersistenceException {
try {
Connection conn = DBConnectionManager.getInstance().getConnection(
"myDS");
if (conn == null) { throw new SQLException(
"Could not get connection from DataSource "
+ "myDS" + ""); }
return conn;
} catch (SQLException sqle) {
throw new JobPersistenceException(
"Failed to obtain DB connection from data source "
+ "myDS" + ": " + sqle.toString(), sqle);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new JobPersistenceException(
"Failed to obtain DB connection from data source "
+ "myDS" + ": " + e.toString(), e,
JobPersistenceException.ERR_PERSISTENCE_CRITICAL_FAILURE);
}
}
}
package com.demo.job;如果在j2ee中使用，只需将主类改为Servlet即可。
import java.sql.Connection;
import java.sql.PreparedStatement;
import java.sql.ResultSet;
import java.sql.SQLException;
import java.sql.Statement;
import java.util.Date;
import java.util.GregorianCalendar;
import java.util.ResourceBundle;
import org.quartz.Job;
import org.quartz.JobDataMap;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionContext;
import org.quartz.JobExecutionException;
import org.quartz.JobPersistenceException;
import org.quartz.impl.jdbcjobstore.JobStoreSupport;
import org.quartz.jobs.ee.mail.SendMailJob;
import org.quartz.utils.DBConnectionManager;
public class SecondJob implements Job {
public SecondJob() {
super();
// TODO Auto-generated constructor stub
}
public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException {
System.err.println("--->" + context.getJobDetail().getFullName()
+ " executing.[" + new Date() + "]");
JobDataMap data = context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap();
ResourceBundle bundle = ResourceBundle.getBundle("quartz");
String smtp = bundle.getString("org.qurtz.job.mail.smtp.host");
String recipient = bundle.getString("org.qurtz.job.mail.smtp.recipient");
String sender = bundle.getString("org.qurtz.job.mail.smtp.sender");
data.put(SendMailJob.PROP_SMTP_HOST,smtp);
// data.put(SendMailJob.PROP_RECIPIENT,recipient);
data.put(SendMailJob.PROP_SENDER,sender);
int predate = 14;
try {
try {
System.out.println("取得连接对象");
Connection con = getConnection();
//在此进行数据库操作
//....
con.close();
} catch (ClassCastException ignoree) {
}
} catch (Exception ignore) {
ignore.printStackTrace();
}
System.err.println("--- " + context.getJobDetail().getFullName()
+ " complete.[" + new Date() + "]");
}
/**
* @param args
*/
public static void main(String[] args) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
}
protected Connection getConnection() throws JobPersistenceException {
try {
Connection conn = DBConnectionManager.getInstance().getConnection(
"myDS");
if (conn == null) { throw new SQLException(
"Could not get connection from DataSource "
+ "myDS" + ""); }
return conn;
} catch (SQLException sqle) {
throw new JobPersistenceException(
"Failed to obtain DB connection from data source "
+ "myDS" + ": " + sqle.toString(), sqle);
} catch (Exception e) {
throw new JobPersistenceException(
"Failed to obtain DB connection from data source "
+ "myDS" + ": " + e.toString(), e,
JobPersistenceException.ERR_PERSISTENCE_CRITICAL_FAILURE);
}
}
}
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