两个栈构造一个队列 || 两个队列构造一个栈

来源:互联网 发布:军犬网络舆情 编辑:程序博客网 时间:2024/04/29 18:47

这篇文章主要用于理解队列(Queue)与栈(Stack)的区别与联系,区别在于队列(Queue)是先进先出(FIFO),而栈(Stack)是先进后出(FILO);同样的,两则都为线性存储结构。

一. 两个栈构造一个队列:Queue with two stacks(Stack 1:inbox,Stack 2: outbox)

  1. 入列操作(EnQueue)
    • inbox压栈。
  2. 出列操作(DeQueue)
    • 判断inbox为空则抛出InvalidOperationException异常;
    • 否则,将inbox所有数据出栈,并且压入outbox;
    • outbox出栈一次,并且把数据存入临时变量temp;
    • 将outbox剩下所有数据出栈重新压入inbox;
    • 返回temp。

以上为思路,附上C#代码如下:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;namespace TestApp.QueueAndStack{    /// <summary>    /// Construct a queue with two stacks: FIFO    /// </summary>    /// <typeparam name="T"></typeparam>    public class Queue2Ss<T>    {        private Stack<T> inbox = null;        private Stack<T> outbox = null;        /// <summary>        /// Initialize the two stacks        /// </summary>        public Queue2Ss()        {            inbox = new Stack<T>();            outbox = new Stack<T>();        }        /// <summary>        /// EnQueue        /// </summary>        /// <param name="t"></param>        public void EnQueue(T t)        {            inbox.Push(t);        }        /// <summary>        /// DeQueue        /// </summary>        /// <returns></returns>        public T DeQueue()        {            if (inbox.Count == 0)            {                throw new InvalidOperationException("The queue is empty.");            }            // Pop the values of inbox to outbox            while (inbox.Count > 0)            {                outbox.Push(inbox.Pop());            }            // Get the result            T t = outbox.Pop();            // Push to inbox with the values of outbox             while (outbox.Count>0)            {                inbox.Push(outbox.Pop());            }            return t;        }        /// <summary>        /// Clear the whole queue's values        /// </summary>        public void Clear()        {            inbox.Clear();            outbox.Clear();        }        /// <summary>        /// Return the count of queue        /// </summary>        /// <returns></returns>        public int Count()        {            return (inbox.Count + outbox.Count);        }    }}

二. 两个队列构造一个栈:Stack with two queues(Queue 1: inbox,Queue 2: outbox)

  1. 压栈操作(Push)
    • inbox入列。
  2. 出栈操作(Pop)
    • 判断inbox为空则抛出InvalidOperationException异常;
    • 否则,将inbox数据出列直到剩下最后一个元素为止,并且将出列数据入列到outbox中;
    • inbox出列一次,并且将数据存入临时变量temp;
    • Swap(inbox,outbox);
    • 返回temp。

附上C#代码如下:

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.Linq;using System.Text;namespace TestApp.QueueAndStack{    /// <summary>    /// Construct a stack with two queues: FILO    /// </summary>    public class Stack2Qs<T>    {        private Queue<T> inbox = null;        private Queue<T> outbox = null;        /// <summary>        /// Initialize the two queues        /// </summary>        public Stack2Qs()        {            inbox = new Queue<T>();            outbox = new Queue<T>();        }        /// <summary>        /// Push        /// </summary>        /// <param name="t"></param>        public void Push(T t)        {            inbox.Enqueue(t);        }        /// <summary>        /// Pop        /// </summary>        /// <returns></returns>        public T Pop()        {            if (inbox.Count == 0)            {                throw new InvalidOperationException("The stack is empty.");            }            // Dequeue the inbox's values to outbox             // until the inbox has only 1 element left            while (inbox.Count > 1)            {                outbox.Enqueue(inbox.Dequeue());            }            // Get the result            T t = inbox.Dequeue();            // Exchange the inbox and the outbox            Queue<T> temp = inbox;            inbox = outbox;            outbox = temp;            return t;        }        /// <summary>        /// Clear the whole stack's values        /// </summary>        public void Clear()        {            inbox.Clear();            outbox.Clear();        }        /// <summary>        /// Return the count of stack        /// </summary>        /// <returns></returns>        public int Count()        {            return (inbox.Count + outbox.Count);        }    }}
上面是基于对栈和队列的理解的基础上,分别对栈和队列的实现,当然我们也可以利用C#里面的线性链表分别对Stack和Queue进行实现,有兴趣大家可以试试,so easy!妈妈再也不用担心我不会栈和队列了!~_~