windows下的环境搭建配置redis

下载地址：https://github.com/dmajkic/redis/downloads 下载下来的包里有两个，

一个是32位的，一个是64位的。根据自己的实情情况选择，我的是32bit，

把这个文件夹复制到其它地方，比如D：\redis 目录下。

打开一个cmd窗口  使用cd命令切换目录到d:\redis  运行 redis-server.exe redis.conf  

如果想方便的话，可以把redis的路径加到系统的环境变量里，这样就省得再输路径了，后面的那个redis.conf可以省略，如果省略，会启用默认的。输入之后，会显示如下界面：

 

这时候别启一个cmd窗口，原来的不要关闭，不然就无法访问服务端了

切换到redis目录下运行 redis-cli.exe -h 127.0.0.1 -p 6379 出现下图：

 

这时候，就已经完成配置了，现在说下它的的redis.conf配置文件。

001# Redis configuration file example002 003# Note on units: when memory size is needed, it is possible to specifiy004# it in the usual form of 1k 5GB 4M and so forth:005#006# 1k => 1000 bytes007# 1kb => 1024 bytes008# 1m => 1000000 bytes009# 1mb => 1024*1024 bytes010# 1g => 1000000000 bytes011# 1gb => 1024*1024*1024 bytes012#013# units are case insensitive so 1GB 1Gb 1gB are all the same.014 015# By default Redis does not run as a daemon. Use 'yes' if you need it.016# Note that Redis will write a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid when daemonized.017daemonize no 018Redis默认不是以守护进程的方式运行，可以通过该配置项修改，使用yes启用守护进程019 020# When running daemonized, Redis writes a pid file in /var/run/redis.pid by021# default. You can specify a custom pid file location here.022pidfile /var/run/redis.pid023当Redis以守护进程方式运行时，Redis默认会把pid写入/var/run/redis.pid文件，可以通过pidfile指定024# Accept connections on the specified port, default is 6379.025# If port 0 is specified Redis will not listen on a TCP socket.026port 6379027指定Redis监听端口，默认端口为6379028# If you want you can bind a single interface, if the bind option is not029# specified all the interfaces will listen for incoming connections.030#031# bind 127.0.0.1032绑定的主机地址033# Specify the path for the unix socket that will be used to listen for034# incoming connections. There is no default, so Redis will not listen035# on a unix socket when not specified.  www.2cto.com  036#037# unixsocket /tmp/redis.sock038# unixsocketperm 755039 040# Close the connection after a client is idle for N seconds (0 to disable)041timeout 0042当 客户端闲置多长时间后关闭连接，如果指定为0，表示关闭该功能043# Set server verbosity to 'debug'044# it can be one of:045# debug (a lot of information, useful for development/testing)046# verbose (many rarely useful info, but not a mess like the debug level)047# notice (moderately verbose, what you want in production probably)048# warning (only very important / critical messages are logged)049loglevel verbose050指定日志记录级别，Redis总共支持四个级别：debug、verbose、notice、warning，默认为verbose051# Specify the log file name. Also 'stdout' can be used to force052# Redis to log on the standard output. Note that if you use standard053# output for logging but daemonize, logs will be sent to /dev/null054logfile stdout055日志记录方式，默认为标准输出，如果配置Redis为守护进程方式运行，而这里又配置为日志记录方式为标准输出，则日志将会发送给/dev/null056# To enable logging to the system logger, just set 'syslog-enabled' to yes,057# and optionally update the other syslog parameters to suit your needs.058# syslog-enabled no059 060# Specify the syslog identity.061# syslog-ident redis062 063# Specify the syslog facility.  Must be USER or between LOCAL0-LOCAL7.064# syslog-facility local0065 066# Set the number of databases. The default database is DB 0, you can select067# a different one on a per-connection basis using SELECT <dbid> where068# dbid is a number between 0 and 'databases'-1069databases 16  www.2cto.com  070设置数据库的数量，默认数据库为0，可以使用SELECT <dbid>命令在连接上指定数据库id071################################ SNAPSHOTTING  #################################072#073# Save the DB on disk:074#075#   save <seconds> <changes>076#077#   Will save the DB if both the given number of seconds and the given078#   number of write operations against the DB occurred.079#080#   In the example below the behaviour will be to save:081#   after 900 sec (15 min) if at least 1 key changed082#   after 300 sec (5 min) if at least 10 keys changed083#   after 60 sec if at least 10000 keys changed084#085#   Note: you can disable saving at all commenting all the "save" lines.086 087save 900 1088save 300 10089save 60 10000090分别表示900秒（15分钟）内有1个更改，300秒（5分钟）内有10个更改以及60秒内有10000个更改。091指定在多长时间内，有多少次更新操作，就将数据同步到数据文件，可以多个条件配合092# Compress string objects using LZF when dump .rdb databases?093# For default that's set to 'yes' as it's almost always a win.094# If you want to save some CPU in the saving child set it to 'no' but095# the dataset will likely be bigger if you have compressible values or keys.096rdbcompression yes097指定存储至本地数据库时是否压缩数据，默认为yes，Redis采用LZF压缩，如果为了节省CPU时间，可以关闭该选项，但会导致数据库文件变的巨大098# The filename where to dump the DB099dbfilename dump.rdb100指定本地数据库文件名，默认值为dump.rdb101# The working directory.102#103# The DB will be written inside this directory, with the filename specified104# above using the 'dbfilename' configuration directive.105#106# Also the Append Only File will be created inside this directory.107#108# Note that you must specify a directory here, not a file name.109dir ./110指定本地数据库存放目录111################################# REPLICATION #################################112 113# Master-Slave replication. Use slaveof to make a Redis instance a copy of114# another Redis server. Note that the configuration is local to the slave115# so for example it is possible to configure the slave to save the DB with a116# different interval, or to listen to another port, and so on.  www.2cto.com  117#118# slaveof <masterip> <masterport>119slaveof <masterip> <masterport> 设置当本机为slav服务时，设置master服务的IP地址及端口，在Redis启动时，它会自动从master进行数据同步120# If the master is password protected (using the "requirepass" configuration121# directive below) it is possible to tell the slave to authenticate before122# starting the replication synchronization process, otherwise the master will123# refuse the slave request.124#125# masterauth <master-password>126masterauth <master-password> 当master服务设置了密码保护时，slav服务连接master的密码127# When a slave lost the connection with the master, or when the replication128# is still in progress, the slave can act in two different ways:129#130# 1) if slave-serve-stale-data is set to 'yes' (the default) the slave will131#    still reply to client requests, possibly with out of data data, or the132#    data set may just be empty if this is the first synchronization.133#134# 2) if slave-serve-stale data is set to 'no' the slave will reply with135#    an error "SYNC with master in progress" to all the kind of commands136#    but to INFO and SLAVEOF.137#138slave-serve-stale-data yes139 140# Slaves send PINGs to server in a predefined interval. It's possible to change141# this interval with the repl_ping_slave_period option. The default value is 10142# seconds.  www.2cto.com  143#144# repl-ping-slave-period 10145 146# The following option sets a timeout for both Bulk transfer I/O timeout and147# master data or ping response timeout. The default value is 60 seconds.148#149# It is important to make sure that this value is greater than the value150# specified for repl-ping-slave-period otherwise a timeout will be detected151# every time there is low traffic between the master and the slave.152#153# repl-timeout 60154 155################################## SECURITY ###################################156 157# Require clients to issue AUTH <PASSWORD> before processing any other158# commands.  This might be useful in environments in which you do not trust159# others with access to the host running redis-server.160#161# This should stay commented out for backward compatibility and because most162# people do not need auth (e.g. they run their own servers).163#164# Warning: since Redis is pretty fast an outside user can try up to165# 150k passwords per second against a good box. This means that you should166# use a very strong password otherwise it will be very easy to break.167#168# requirepass foobared169 requirepass foobared 设置Redis连接密码，如果配置了连接密码，客户端在连接Redis时需要通过AUTH <password>命令提供密码，默认关闭170# Command renaming.171#172# It is possilbe to change the name of dangerous commands in a shared173# environment. For instance the CONFIG command may be renamed into something174# of hard to guess so that it will be still available for internal-use175# tools but not available for general clients.176#177# Example:178#179# rename-command CONFIG b840fc02d524045429941cc15f59e41cb7be6c52180#181# It is also possilbe to completely kill a command renaming it into182# an empty string:183#184# rename-command CONFIG ""185 186################################### LIMITS ####################################187 188# Set the max number of connected clients at the same time. By default there189# is no limit, and it's up to the number of file descriptors the Redis process190# is able to open. The special value '0' means no limits.191# Once the limit is reached Redis will close all the new connections sending192# an error 'max number of clients reached'.  www.2cto.com  193#194# maxclients 128195maxclients 128 设置同一时间最大客户端连接数，默认无限制，Redis可以同时打开的客户端连接数为Redis进程可以打开的最大文件描述符数，如果设置 maxclients 0，表示不作限制。当客户端连接数到达限制时，Redis会关闭新的连接并向客户端返回max number of clients reached错误信息196# Don't use more memory than the specified amount of bytes.197# When the memory limit is reached Redis will try to remove keys with an198# EXPIRE set. It will try to start freeing keys that are going to expire199# in little time and preserve keys with a longer time to live.200# Redis will also try to remove objects from free lists if possible.201#202# If all this fails, Redis will start to reply with errors to commands203# that will use more memory, like SET, LPUSH, and so on, and will continue204# to reply to most read-only commands like GET.205#206# WARNING: maxmemory can be a good idea mainly if you want to use Redis as a207# 'state' server or cache, not as a real DB. When Redis is used as a real208# database the memory usage will grow over the weeks, it will be obvious if209# it is going to use too much memory in the long run, and you'll have the time210# to upgrade. With maxmemory after the limit is reached you'll start to get211# errors for write operations, and this may even lead to DB inconsistency.212#213# maxmemory <bytes>214 maxmemory <bytes>指定Redis最大内存限制，Redis在启动时会把数据加载到内存中，达到最大内存后，Redis会先尝试清除已到期或即将到期的Key，当此方法处理 后，仍然到达最大内存设置，将无法再进行写入操作，但仍然可以进行读取操作。Redis新的vm机制，会把Key存放内存，Value会存放在swap区215# MAXMEMORY POLICY: how Redis will select what to remove when maxmemory216# is reached? You can select among five behavior:217#218# volatile-lru -> remove the key with an expire set using an LRU algorithm219# allkeys-lru -> remove any key accordingly to the LRU algorithm220# volatile-random -> remove a random key with an expire set221# allkeys->random -> remove a random key, any key222# volatile-ttl -> remove the key with the nearest expire time (minor TTL)223# noeviction -> don't expire at all, just return an error on write operations224#225# Note: with all the kind of policies, Redis will return an error on write226#       operations, when there are not suitable keys for eviction.227#228#       At the date of writing this commands are: set setnx setex append229#       incr decr rpush lpush rpushx lpushx linsert lset rpoplpush sadd230#       sinter sinterstore sunion sunionstore sdiff sdiffstore zadd zincrby231#       zunionstore zinterstore hset hsetnx hmset hincrby incrby decrby232#       getset mset msetnx exec sort  www.2cto.com  233#234# The default is:235#236# maxmemory-policy volatile-lru237 238# LRU and minimal TTL algorithms are not precise algorithms but approximated239# algorithms (in order to save memory), so you can select as well the sample240# size to check. For instance for default Redis will check three keys and241# pick the one that was used less recently, you can change the sample size242# using the following configuration directive.243#244# maxmemory-samples 3245 246############################## APPEND ONLY MODE ###############################247 248# By default Redis asynchronously dumps the dataset on disk. If you can live249# with the idea that the latest records will be lost if something like a crash250# happens this is the preferred way to run Redis. If instead you care a lot251# about your data and don't want to that a single record can get lost you should252# enable the append only mode: when this mode is enabled Redis will append253# every write operation received in the file appendonly.aof. This file will254# be read on startup in order to rebuild the full dataset in memory.255#256# Note that you can have both the async dumps and the append only file if you257# like (you have to comment the "save" statements above to disable the dumps).258# Still if append only mode is enabled Redis will load the data from the259# log file at startup ignoring the dump.rdb file.260#261# IMPORTANT: Check the BGREWRITEAOF to check how to rewrite the append262# log file in background when it gets too big.263 264appendonly no265appendonly no指定是否在每次更新操作后进行日志记录，Redis在默认情况下是异步的把数据写入磁盘，如果不开启，可能会在断电时导致一段时间内的数据丢失。因为 redis本身同步数据文件是按上面save条件来同步的，所以有的数据会在一段时间内只存在于内存中。默认为no266# The name of the append only file (default: "appendonly.aof")267# appendfilename appendonly.aof268 appendfilename appendonly.aof指定更新日志文件名，默认为appendonly.aof269# The fsync() call tells the Operating System to actually write data on disk270# instead to wait for more data in the output buffer. Some OS will really flush271# data on disk, some other OS will just try to do it ASAP.272#273# Redis supports three different modes:274#275# no: don't fsync, just let the OS flush the data when it wants. Faster.276# always: fsync after every write to the append only log . Slow, Safest.277# everysec: fsync only if one second passed since the last fsync. Compromise.278#279# The default is "everysec" that's usually the right compromise between280# speed and data safety. It's up to you to understand if you can relax this to281# "no" that will will let the operating system flush the output buffer when282# it wants, for better performances (but if you can live with the idea of283# some data loss consider the default persistence mode that's snapshotting),284# or on the contrary, use "always" that's very slow but a bit safer than285# everysec.  www.2cto.com  286#287# If unsure, use "everysec".288 289# appendfsync always290appendfsync everysec291# appendfsync no292指定更新日志条件，共有3个可选值：293no：表示等操作系统进行数据缓存同步到磁盘（快）294always：表示每次更新操作后手动调用fsync()将数据写到磁盘（慢，安全）295everysec：表示每秒同步一次（折衷，默认值）296# When the AOF fsync policy is set to always or everysec, and a background297# saving process (a background save or AOF log background rewriting) is298# performing a lot of I/O against the disk, in some Linux configurations299# Redis may block too long on the fsync() call. Note that there is no fix for300# this currently, as even performing fsync in a different thread will block301# our synchronous write(2) call.302#303# In order to mitigate this problem it's possible to use the following option304# that will prevent fsync() from being called in the main process while a305# BGSAVE or BGREWRITEAOF is in progress.306#307# This means that while another child is saving the durability of Redis is308# the same as "appendfsync none", that in pratical terms means that it is309# possible to lost up to 30 seconds of log in the worst scenario (with the310# default Linux settings).311#312# If you have latency problems turn this to "yes". Otherwise leave it as313# "no" that is the safest pick from the point of view of durability.314no-appendfsync-on-rewrite no315 316# Automatic rewrite of the append only file.317# Redis is able to automatically rewrite the log file implicitly calling318# BGREWRITEAOF when the AOF log size will growth by the specified percentage.319#320# This is how it works: Redis remembers the size of the AOF file after the321# latest rewrite (or if no rewrite happened since the restart, the size of322# the AOF at startup is used).323#324# This base size is compared to the current size. If the current size is325# bigger than the specified percentage, the rewrite is triggered. Also326# you need to specify a minimal size for the AOF file to be rewritten, this327# is useful to avoid rewriting the AOF file even if the percentage increase328# is reached but it is still pretty small.329#330# Specify a precentage of zero in order to disable the automatic AOF331# rewrite feature.  www.2cto.com  332 333auto-aof-rewrite-percentage 100334auto-aof-rewrite-min-size 64mb335 336################################## SLOW LOG ###################################337 338# The Redis Slow Log is a system to log queries that exceeded a specified339# execution time. The execution time does not include the I/O operations340# like talking with the client, sending the reply and so forth,341# but just the time needed to actually execute the command (this is the only342# stage of command execution where the thread is blocked and can not serve343# other requests in the meantime).344#345# You can configure the slow log with two parameters: one tells Redis346# what is the execution time, in microseconds, to exceed in order for the347# command to get logged, and the other parameter is the length of the348# slow log. When a new command is logged the oldest one is removed from the349# queue of logged commands.350 351# The following time is expressed in microseconds, so 1000000 is equivalent352# to one second. Note that a negative number disables the slow log, while353# a value of zero forces the logging of every command.354slowlog-log-slower-than 10000355 356# There is no limit to this length. Just be aware that it will consume memory.357# You can reclaim memory used by the slow log with SLOWLOG RESET.358slowlog-max-len 1024359 360################################ VIRTUAL MEMORY ###############################361 362### WARNING! Virtual Memory is deprecated in Redis 2.4363### The use of Virtual Memory is strongly discouraged.364 365### WARNING! Virtual Memory is deprecated in Redis 2.4366### The use of Virtual Memory is strongly discouraged.367 368# Virtual Memory allows Redis to work with datasets bigger than the actual369# amount of RAM needed to hold the whole dataset in memory.370# In order to do so very used keys are taken in memory while the other keys371# are swapped into a swap file, similarly to what operating systems do372# with memory pages.  www.2cto.com  373#374# To enable VM just set 'vm-enabled' to yes, and set the following three375# VM parameters accordingly to your needs.376 377vm-enabled no378指定是否启用虚拟内存机制，默认值为no，简单的介绍一下，VM机制将数据分页存放，由Redis将访问量较少的页即冷数据swap到磁盘上，访问多的页面由磁盘自动换出到内存中（在后面的文章我会仔细分析Redis的VM机制）379# vm-enabled yes380 381# This is the path of the Redis swap file. As you can guess, swap files382# can't be shared by different Redis instances, so make sure to use a swap383# file for every redis process you are running. Redis will complain if the384# swap file is already in use.385#386# The best kind of storage for the Redis swap file (that's accessed at random)387# is a Solid State Disk (SSD).388#389# *** WARNING *** if you are using a shared hosting the default of putting390# the swap file under /tmp is not secure. Create a dir with access granted391# only to Redis user and configure Redis to create the swap file there.392vm-swap-file /tmp/redis.swap393虚拟内存文件路径，默认值为/tmp/redis.swap，不可多个Redis实例共享394# vm-max-memory configures the VM to use at max the specified amount of395# RAM. Everything that deos not fit will be swapped on disk *if* possible, that396# is, if there is still enough contiguous space in the swap file.397#398# With vm-max-memory 0 the system will swap everything it can. Not a good399# default, just specify the max amount of RAM you can in bytes, but it's400# better to leave some margin. For instance specify an amount of RAM401# that's more or less between 60 and 80% of your free RAM.402vm-max-memory 0  www.2cto.com  403将所有大于vm-max-memory的数据存入虚拟内存,无论vm-max-memory设置多小,所有索引数据都是内存存储的(Redis的索引数据 就是keys),也就是说,当vm-max-memory设置为0的时候,其实是所有value都存在于磁盘。默认值为0404# Redis swap files is split into pages. An object can be saved using multiple405# contiguous pages, but pages can't be shared between different objects.406# So if your page is too big, small objects swapped out on disk will waste407# a lot of space. If you page is too small, there is less space in the swap408# file (assuming you configured the same number of total swap file pages).409#410# If you use a lot of small objects, use a page size of 64 or 32 bytes.411# If you use a lot of big objects, use a bigger page size.412# If unsure, use the default :)413vm-page-size 32414Redis swap文件分成了很多的page，一个对象可以保存在多个page上面，但一个page上不能被多个对象共享，vm-page-size是要根据存储的 数据大小来设定的，作者建议如果存储很多小对象，page大小最好设置为32或者64bytes；如果存储很大大对象，则可以使用更大的page，如果不 确定，就使用默认值415# Number of total memory pages in the swap file.416# Given that the page table (a bitmap of free/used pages) is taken in memory,417# every 8 pages on disk will consume 1 byte of RAM.418#419# The total swap size is vm-page-size * vm-pages420#421# With the default of 32-bytes memory pages and 134217728 pages Redis will422# use a 4 GB swap file, that will use 16 MB of RAM for the page table.423#424# It's better to use the smallest acceptable value for your application,425# but the default is large in order to work in most conditions.426vm-pages 134217728427设置swap文件中的page数量，由于页表（一种表示页面空闲或使用的bitmap）是在放在内存中的，，在磁盘上每8个pages将消耗1byte的内存。428# Max number of VM I/O threads running at the same time.429# This threads are used to read/write data from/to swap file, since they430# also encode and decode objects from disk to memory or the reverse, a bigger431# number of threads can help with big objects even if they can't help with432# I/O itself as the physical device may not be able to couple with many433# reads/writes operations at the same time.  www.2cto.com  434#435# The special value of 0 turn off threaded I/O and enables the blocking436# Virtual Memory implementation.437vm-max-threads 4438设置访问swap文件的线程数,最好不要超过机器的核数,如果设置为0,那么所有对swap文件的操作都是串行的，可能会造成比较长时间的延迟。默认值为4439############################### ADVANCED CONFIG ###############################440 441# Hashes are encoded in a special way (much more memory efficient) when they442# have at max a given numer of elements, and the biggest element does not443# exceed a given threshold. You can configure this limits with the following444# configuration directives.445hash-max-zipmap-entries 512446hash-max-zipmap-value 64447指定在超过一定的数量或者最大的元素超过某一临界值时，采用一种特殊的哈希算法448# Similarly to hashes, small lists are also encoded in a special way in order449# to save a lot of space. The special representation is only used when450# you are under the following limits:451list-max-ziplist-entries 512452list-max-ziplist-value 64453 454# Sets have a special encoding in just one case: when a set is composed455# of just strings that happens to be integers in radix 10 in the range456# of 64 bit signed integers.457# The following configuration setting sets the limit in the size of the458# set in order to use this special memory saving encoding.459set-max-intset-entries 512  www.2cto.com  460 461# Similarly to hashes and lists, sorted sets are also specially encoded in462# order to save a lot of space. This encoding is only used when the length and463# elements of a sorted set are below the following limits:464zset-max-ziplist-entries 128465zset-max-ziplist-value 64466 467# Active rehashing uses 1 millisecond every 100 milliseconds of CPU time in468# order to help rehashing the main Redis hash table (the one mapping top-level469# keys to values). The hash table implementation redis uses (see dict.c)470# performs a lazy rehashing: the more operation you run into an hash table471# that is rhashing, the more rehashing "steps" are performed, so if the472# server is idle the rehashing is never complete and some more memory is used473# by the hash table.474#475# The default is to use this millisecond 10 times every second in order to476# active rehashing the main dictionaries, freeing memory when possible.477#478# If unsure:479# use "activerehashing no" if you have hard latency requirements and it is480# not a good thing in your environment that Redis can reply form time to time481# to queries with 2 milliseconds delay.482#483# use "activerehashing yes" if you don't have such hard requirements but484# want to free memory asap when possible.485activerehashing yes  www.2cto.com  486 487################################## INCLUDES ###################################488 489# Include one or more other config files here.  This is useful if you490# have a standard template that goes to all redis server but also need491# to customize a few per-server settings.  Include files can include492# other files, so use this wisely.493#494# include /path/to/local.conf495# include /path/to/other.conf496

指定包含其它的配置文件，可以在同一主机上多个Redis实例之间使用同一份配置文件，而同时各个实例又拥有自己的特定配置文件

转载自 http://www.2cto.com/os/201204/125971.html