#include<stdio.h>#include<malloc.h>typedef struct Polynomial{float coef;int expn;struct Polynomial *next;}*Polyn,Polynomial; //Polyn为结点指针类型void Insert(Polyn p,Polyn h){ if(p->coef==0) free(p); //系数为0的话释放结点else{Polyn q1,q2;q1=h;q2=h->next;while(q2&&p->expn<q2->expn){ //查找插入位置q1=q2;q2=q2->next; }if(q2&&p->expn==q2->expn){ //将指数相同相合并q2->coef+=p->coef;free(p);if(!q2->coef){ //系数为0的话释放结点q1->next=q2->next;free(q2);}}else{ //指数为新时将结点插入p->next=q2;q1->next=p;}}}//InsertPolyn CreatePolyn(Polyn head,int m){//建立一个头指针为head、项数为m的一元多项式int i;Polyn p;p=head=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));head->next=NULL;for(i=0;i<m;i++){p=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立新结点以接收数据printf("请输入第%d项的系数与指数:",i+1);scanf("%f %d",&p->coef,&p->expn);Insert(p,head); //调用Insert函数插入结点} return head;}//CreatePolynvoid DestroyPolyn(Polyn p){//销毁多项式p Polyn q1,q2; q1=p->next; q2=q1->next; while(q1->next) {free(q1);q1=q2;//指针后移q2=q2->next; }}void PrintPolyn(Polyn P){ Polyn q=P->next; int flag=1;//项数计数器if(!q){ //若多项式为空，输出0putchar('0'); printf("\n");return;} while (q){if(q->coef>0&&flag!=1) putchar('+'); //系数大于0且不是第一项if(q->coef!=1&&q->coef!=-1){//系数非1或-1的普通情况printf("%g",q->coef); if(q->expn==1) putchar('X');else if(q->expn) printf("X^%d",q->expn);}else{ if(q->coef==1) {if(!q->expn) putchar('1'); else if(q->expn==1) putchar('X'); else printf("X^%d",q->expn); } if(q->coef==-1) {if(!q->expn) printf("-1"); else if(q->expn==1) printf("-X"); else printf("-X^%d",q->expn);} }q=q->next; flag++; }//while printf("\n");}//PrintPolynint compare(Polyn a,Polyn b){if(a&&b){if(!b||a->expn>b->expn) return 1;else if(!a||a->expn<b->expn) return -1;else return 0;}else if(!a&&b) return -1;//a多项式已空，但b多项式非空else return 1;//b多项式已空，但a多项式非空}//comparePolyn AddPolyn(Polyn pa,Polyn pb){//求解并建立多项式a+b，返回其头指针 Polyn qa=pa->next; Polyn qb=pb->next; Polyn headc,hc,qc; hc=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立头结点 hc->next=NULL; headc=hc; while(qa||qb){ qc=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial)); switch(compare(qa,qb)){ case 1: { qc->coef=qa->coef; qc->expn=qa->expn; qa=qa->next; break; } case 0: { qc->coef=qa->coef+qb->coef; qc->expn=qa->expn; qa=qa->next; qb=qb->next; break; } case -1: { qc->coef=qb->coef; qc->expn=qb->expn; qb=qb->next; break; } }//switch if(qc->coef!=0){ qc->next=hc->next; hc->next=qc; hc=qc; } else free(qc);//当相加系数为0时，释放该结点 }//while return headc;}//AddPolynPolyn SubtractPolyn(Polyn pa,Polyn pb){//求解并建立多项式a-b，返回其头指针 Polyn h=pb; Polyn p=pb->next; Polyn pd; while(p){ //将pb的系数取反 p->coef*=-1; p=p->next; } pd=AddPolyn(pa,h); for(p=h->next;p;p=p->next) //恢复pb的系数 p->coef*=-1; return pd;}//SubtractPolynfloat ValuePolyn(Polyn head,float x){//输入x值，计算并返回多项式的值 Polyn p; int i; float sum=0,t; for(p=head->next;p;p=p->next){ t=1; for(i=p->expn;i!=0;){ if(i<0){t/=x;i++;}//指数小于0，进行除法 else{t*=x;i--;}//指数大于0，进行乘法 } sum+=p->coef*t; } return sum;}//ValuePolynPolyn Derivative(Polyn head){//求解并建立a的导函数多项式，并返回其头指针 Polyn q=head->next,p1,p2,hd; hd=p1=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立头结点 hd->next=NULL; while(q){ if(q->expn!=0){ //该项不是常数项时 p2=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial)); p2->coef=q->coef*q->expn; p2->expn=q->expn-1; p2->next=p1->next;//连接结点 p1->next=p2; p1=p2; } q=q->next; } return hd;}//DervativePolyn MultiplyPolyn(Polyn pa,Polyn pb){//求解并建立多项式a*b，返回其头指针 Polyn hf,pf; Polyn qa=pa->next; Polyn qb=pb->next; hf=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立头结点 hf->next=NULL; for(;qa;qa=qa->next){ for(qb=pb->next;qb;qb=qb->next){ pf=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial)); pf->coef=qa->coef*qb->coef; pf->expn=qa->expn+qb->expn; Insert(pf,hf);//调用Insert函数以合并指数相同的项 } } return hf;}//MultiplyPolynvoid DevicePolyn(Polyn pa,Polyn pb){//求解并建立多项式a*b，返回其头指针 Polyn hf,pf,temp1,temp2; Polyn qa=pa->next; Polyn qb=pb->next; hf=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立头结点,存储商 hf->next=NULL; pf=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial));//建立头结点，存储余数 pf->next=NULL; temp1=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial)); temp1->next=NULL; temp2=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial)); temp2->next=NULL; temp1=AddPolyn(temp1,pa); while(qa!=NULL&&qa->expn>=qb->expn){ temp2->next=(Polyn)malloc(sizeof(struct Polynomial)); temp2->next->coef=(qa->coef)/(qb->coef); temp2->next->expn=(qa->expn)-(qb->expn); Insert(temp2->next,hf); pa=SubtractPolyn(pa,MultiplyPolyn(pb,temp2)); qa=pa->next; temp2->next=NULL; } pf=SubtractPolyn(temp1,MultiplyPolyn(hf,pb)); pb=temp1; printf("商是："); PrintPolyn(hf); printf("余数是："); PrintPolyn(pf);}//DevicePolynint main(){ int m,n,flag=0; float x; Polyn pa=0,pb=0,pc,pd,pe,pf;//定义各式的头指针，pa与pb在使用前付初值NULL printf("请输入a的项数:"); scanf("%d",&m); pa=CreatePolyn(pa,m);//建立多项式a printf("请输入b的项数:"); scanf("%d",&n); pb=CreatePolyn(pb,n);//建立多项式a //输出菜单 printf("**********************************************\n"); printf("操作提示：\n\t1.输出多项式a和b\n\t2.建立多项式a+b\n\t3.建立多项式a-b\n"); printf("\t4.计算多项式a在x处的值\n\t5.求多项式a的导函数\n\t6.建立多项式a*b\n"); printf("\t7.建立多项式a/b\n\t8.退出\n**********************************************\n"); for(;;flag=0){ printf("执行操作"); scanf("%d",&flag); if(flag==1){ printf("多项式a：");PrintPolyn(pa); printf("多项式b：");PrintPolyn(pb);continue; } if(flag==2){ pc=AddPolyn(pa,pb); printf("多项式a+b：");PrintPolyn(pc); DestroyPolyn(pc);continue; } if(flag==3){ pd=SubtractPolyn(pa,pb); printf("多项式a-b：");PrintPolyn(pd); DestroyPolyn(pd);continue; } if(flag==4){ printf("输入x的值：x="); scanf("%f",&x); printf("多项式a的值%g\n",ValuePolyn(pa,x));continue; } if(flag==5){ pe=Derivative(pa); printf("多项式a的导函数：");PrintPolyn(pe); DestroyPolyn(pe);continue; } if(flag==6){ pf=MultiplyPolyn(pa,pb); printf("多项式a*b：");PrintPolyn(pf); DestroyPolyn(pf);continue; } if(flag==7){ DevicePolyn(pa,pb); continue; } if(flag==8) break; if(flag<1||flag>8) printf("Error!!!\n");continue; }//for DestroyPolyn(pa); DestroyPolyn(pb); return 0;}
