企业利用垃圾制造燃气

The future in energy production is here.Andsome of the materials used to supply the energy may surpriseyou!Companies have developed a way to turn plant wastes and othergarbage into fuel.It has been called one of the most promisingtechnologies in alternative energy.And the process is expected tobecome more common this year.
能源生产的未来就在这里。一些用来提供能量的材料可能会让你大吃一惊！一些公司已经开发出一种方法将植物废物和其他垃圾转化为燃料。这被称为可替代能源中最有前途的技术之一。而这个过程预计在今年将变得更加普遍。
The American-based company Fiberight is takingthe lead in this new form of energy production.Truck loads ofgarbage are sent to Fiberight’s test plant in southernVirginia.Randy Garrett heads the plant.He says old vegetables,cardboard boxes and other wastes become something much morevaluable through the work done at the factory.
总部位于美国的Fiberight公司带头应用这一新能源生产方式。装载垃圾的卡车被送到弗吉尼亚南部的Fiberight的试验厂。RandyGarrett是该工厂的领导。他说，老的蔬菜，纸箱等废物通过工厂的工作变成更有价值的东西。
"What we’re doing is taking a, that (what was)originally headed for a landfill, half of this material is going tobe processed for the conversion of biofuel such asethanol.”
“我们正在使用最初垃圾填埋场物，其中一半被加工处理为乙醇等生物燃料。”
Ethanol makes up about 10 percent of America’sfuel supply.Nearly all of it comes from corn, the food known asmaize in some countries.Critics say this creates competitionbetween food and fuel, and raises food prices.
乙醇弥补了美国10％左右的燃料供应。几乎所有乙醇来自谷物，这种食物在某些国家被称为玉米。批评人士称，这造成粮食和燃料之间的竞争，并提高了粮食价格。
Environmentalists say farmers are using moreland to plant corn crops.They also say farmers are using morefertilizers and products for killing insects.They say this createsmore pollution.
环保人士表示，农民使用更多土地来种植玉米作物。他们还表示，农民使用更多化肥和产品杀虫。他们说，这造成了更严重的污染。
But Fiberight does not depend on corn toproduce fuel.Randy Garrett says the garbage is loaded into a hugepressure cooker.
但Fiberight不依赖于玉米来生产燃料。RandyGarrett称，垃圾被装入一个巨大的压力锅。
"That converts your paper, your cardboard,banana peels, any organic fibers, it converts it to a pulp.Thatpulp is what we’re after for our energy-fuelconversion.”
“这将你的纸张，纸板，香蕉皮以及任何有机纤维转换为纸浆。我们将纸浆转换为能源燃料。”
The material that comes out of the cooker ismostly cellulose, a substance that can be made into sugar.The sugarcan then be turned into ethanol.
压力锅主要制成纤维素，该物质可用来制作糖。糖可以被转化为乙醇。
In 2007, President George W. Bush signed a lawthat required increasing amounts of ethanol in U.S. gasoline.Onegoal of the law was to support production of new kinds of fuel.Theenergy created from plant material would produce fewerenvironmentally harmful gases than those from oil-basedfuels.
2007年，布什总统签署了要求在美国汽油中增加乙醇量的法律。该法的目标之一是支持生产新型燃料。植物材料产生的能量会产生比那些从石油为基础的燃料更少对环境有害的气体。
This year, several other fuel productionplants are expected to start making ethanol from the cellulose incorn stalks, wheat straw and other plant material.
今年，其他几个燃料生产厂预计开始使用玉米秸秆，小麦秸秆等植物材料纤维素制造乙醇。
Madhu Khanna is an agricultural economist atthe University of Illinois.She says making cellulosic ethanolturned out to be harder than expected.
MadhuKhanna是伊利诺伊大学的农业经济学家。她说，经证实，制作纤维素乙醇比预期更难。
"We know how to do that in a lab.The mainproblem is doing that in a continuous way, cost-effectively on alarge scale.”
“我们知道在实验室怎么做。主要的问题是连续，低成本，大规模地进行生产。”
Ethanol production from cellulose has yet tomeet expectations.However, this year could be the turning point.ButMadhu Khanna says our cars may limit how much the industry cangrow.
纤维素生产乙醇尚未达到预期。不过，今年可能是转折点。但MadhuKhanna说，我们的汽车可能会限制这个行业的增长。
"Even if we can begin to produce thiscost-effectively, we need to be able to consume it aswell.”
“即使我们可以开始生产这种低成本产品，我们也需要对它进行消费。”
Only a few models of automobiles can operateon high-ethanol fuel.Without more of them, there is only so muchgas from garbage that will sell.
只有少数汽车机型可以使用高乙醇燃料运行。如果没有更多乙醇汽车，也就没有更多使用垃圾制造乙醇的使用。
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