linux常用命令的英文单词缩写笔记

sudo: super user do
ls：list (列出目录内容)
cd：change directory（改变目录）
su:switch user 切换用户(也见过这样的：su:Substitute User 代替用户)

rpm:redhat package manager 红帽子打包管理器
pwd:print working directory 打印当前目录 显示出当前工作目录的绝对路径
ps: process status(进程状态，类似于windows的任务管理器) 常用参数：－auxf
ps -auxf 显示进程状态
df: disk free 其功能是显示磁盘可用空间数目信息及空间结点信息。换句话说，就是报告在任何安装的设备或目录中，还剩多少自由的空间。
rmdir：remove directory（删除目录）
rm：remove（删除目录或文件）
cat: concatenate(cat = CATenate)
insmod: install module,载入模块
ln: link files
ln -s : link -soft 创建一个软链接，相当于创建一个快捷方式
mkdir：make directory
touch
man: manual
cd：change directory
rmdir：remove directory
mkfs: make file system
fsck：file system check
uname: unix name
du: disk usage
lsmod: list modules
mv: move file
cp: copy file
fg: foreground
bg: background
chown: change owner
chgrp: change group
chmod: change mode
umount: unmount
dd: 本来应根据其功能描述“convert an copy”命名为“cc”，但“cc”已经被用以代表“c complier”，所以命名为“dd”
tar：tape archive
ldd：list dynamic dependencies
insmod：install module
rmmod：remove module
lsmod：list module
文件结尾的"rc"（如.bashrc、.xinitrc等）：resource configuration
knnxxx / snnxxx（位于rcx.d目录下）：k（kill）；s(service)；nn（执行顺序号）；xxx（服务标识）
.a（扩展名a）：archive，static library
.so（扩展名so）：shared object，dynamically linked library
.o（扩展名o）：object file，complied result of c/c++ source file
dpkg：debian package manager
apt：advanced package tool（debian或基于debian的发行版中提供）

bin = BINaries
/dev = DEVices
/etc = ETCetera
/lib = LIBrary
/proc = PROCesses
/sbin = Superuser BINaries
/tmp = TeMPorary
/usr = Unix Shared Resources
/var = VARiable ?

opt=Optional (Optional application software packages)

FIFO = First In, First Out
GRUB = GRand Unified Bootloader
IFS = Internal Field Seperators
LILO = LInux LOader

MySQL = My是最初作者女儿的名字，
SQL = Structured Query Language

PHP = Personal Home Page Tools = PHP Hypertext Preprocessor

PS = Prompt String

Perl = "Pratical Extraction and Report Language" = "Pathologically Eclectic Rubbish Lister"

Python 得名于电视剧Monty Python's Flying Circus

Tcl = Tool Command Language

Tk = ToolKit

VT = Video Terminal

YaST = Yet Another Setup Tool

apache = "a patchy" server

apt = Advanced Packaging Tool

ar = archiver

as = assembler

awk = "Aho Weiberger and Kernighan" 三个作者的姓的第一个字母

bash = Bourne Again SHell

bc = Basic (Better) Calculator

bg = BackGround

biff = 作者Heidi Stettner在U.C.Berkely养的一条狗,喜欢对邮递员汪汪叫。

cal = CALendar

cd = Change Directory

chgrp = CHange GRouP

chmod = CHange MODe

chown = CHange OWNer

chsh = CHange SHell

cmp = compare

cobra = Common Object Request Broker Architecture

comm = common

cp = CoPy

cpio = CoPy In and Out

cpp = C Pre Processor

cron = Chronos 希腊文时间

cups = Common Unix Printing System

cvs = Current Version System

daemon = Disk And Execution MONitor

dc = Desk Calculator

dd = Disk Dump

df = Disk Free

diff = DIFFerence

dmesg = diagnostic message

du = Disk Usage

ed = editor

egrep = Extended GREP

elf = Extensible Linking Format

elm = ELectronic Mail

emacs = Editor MACroS

eval = EVALuate

ex = EXtended

exec = EXECute

fd = file descriptors

fg = ForeGround

fgrep = Fixed GREP

fmt = format

fsck = File System ChecK

fstab = FileSystem TABle

fvwm = F*** Virtual Window Manager

gawk = GNU AWK

gpg = GNU Privacy Guard

groff = GNU troff

hal = Hardware Abstraction Layer

joe = Joe's Own Editor

ksh = Korn SHell

lame = Lame Ain't an MP3 Encoder

lex = LEXical analyser

lisp = LISt Processing = Lots of Irritating Superfluous Parentheses

ln = LiNk

lpr = Line PRint

ls = list

lsof = LiSt Open Files

m4 = Macro processor Version 4

man = MANual pages

mawk = Mike Brennan's AWK

mc = Midnight Commander

mkfs = MaKe FileSystem

mknod = MaKe NODe

motd = Message of The Day

mozilla = MOsaic GodZILLa

mtab = Mount TABle

mv = MoVe

nano = Nano's ANOther editor

nawk = New AWK

nl = Number of Lines

nm = names

nohup = No HangUP

nroff = New ROFF

od = Octal Dump

passwd = PASSWorD

pg = pager

pico = PIne's message COmposition editor

pine = "Program for Internet News & Email" = "Pine is not Elm"

ping = 拟声 又 = Packet InterNet Grouper

pirntcap = PRINTer CAPability

popd = POP Directory

pr = pre

printf = PRINT Formatted

ps = Processes Status

pty = pseudo tty

pushd = PUSH Directory

pwd = Print Working Directory

rc = runcom = run command, rc还是plan9的shell

rev = REVerse

rm = ReMove

rn = Read News

roff = RunOFF

rpm = RPM Package Manager = RedHat Package Manager

rsh, rlogin, rvim中的r = Remote

rxvt = ouR XVT

seamoneky = 我

sed = Stream EDitor

seq = SEQuence

shar = SHell ARchive

slrn = S-Lang rn

ssh = Secure SHell

ssl = Secure Sockets Layer

stty = Set TTY

svn = SubVersioN

tar = Tape ARchive

tcsh = TENEX C shell

tee = T (T形水管接口)

telnet = TEminaL over Network

termcap = terminal capability

terminfo = terminal information

tex = τ?χνη的缩写，希腊文art

tr = traslate

troff = Typesetter new ROFF

tsort = Topological SORT

tty = TeleTypewriter

twm = Tom's Window Manager

tz = TimeZone

udev = Userspace DEV

ulimit = User's LIMIT

umask = User's MASK

uniq = UNIQue

vi = VIsual = Very Inconvenient

vim = Vi IMproved

wall = write all

wc = Word Count

wine = WINE Is Not an Emulator

xargs = eXtended ARGuments

xdm = X Display Manager

xlfd = X Logical Font Description

xmms = X Multimedia System

xrdb = X Resources DataBase

xwd = X Window Dump

yacc = yet another compiler compiler

Fish = the Friendly Interactive SHell
MIME = Multipurpose Internet Mail Extensions

ECMA = European Computer Manufacturers Association 

wc(Word Count)命令的功能为统计指定文件中的字节数、字数、行数，并将统计结果显示输出

转自：http://blog.sina.com.cn/s/blog_5bce66f00100qq0p.html