Spring AspectJ AOP 完整示例

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首先新建一个maven项目,在项目的pom.xml中添加spring aop相关的依赖项:

如下是完整的pom.xml:

<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd"><modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion><groupId>cn.outofmemory</groupId><artifactId>spring-aop-aspect</artifactId><version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version><packaging>jar</packaging><name>spring-aop-aspect</name><url>http://maven.apache.org</url><properties><spring.version>3.1.1.RELEASE</spring.version></properties><dependencies><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-core</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-context</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework</groupId><artifactId>spring-aop</artifactId><version>${spring.version}</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><artifactId>aspectjrt</artifactId><version>1.6.12</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.aspectj</groupId><artifactId>aspectjweaver</artifactId><version>1.6.12</version></dependency><dependency><groupId>cglib</groupId><artifactId>cglib</artifactId><version>2.2</version></dependency></dependencies></project>

在maven中我们引入了spring aop相关的依赖,aspectj相关的包有两个,cglib是必须的。

下面我们在项目中新建一个Service类PersonService,它是业务代码,是我们AOP注入的目标类:

package cn.outofmemory.spring_aop_aspect;import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;@Servicepublic class PersonService {public void addPerson(String personName) {System.out.println("add person " + personName);}public boolean deletePerson(String personName) {System.out.println("delete person " + personName) ;return true;}public void editPerson(String personName) {System.out.println("edit person " + personName);throw new RuntimeException("edit person throw exception");}}

PersonService类中定义了三个方法,addPerson方法无返回值,而deletePerson方法有返回值,而editPerson方法抛出运行时的异常。

下面我们看Aspect类:

package cn.outofmemory.spring_aop_aspect;import org.aspectj.lang.JoinPoint;import org.aspectj.lang.ProceedingJoinPoint;import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.After;import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterReturning;import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.AfterThrowing;import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Around;import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Aspect;import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Before;import org.aspectj.lang.annotation.Pointcut;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;@Component@Aspectpublic class SimpleAspect {@Pointcut("execution(* cn.outofmemory.spring_aop_aspect.*Service*.*(..))")public void pointCut() {}@After("pointCut()")public void after(JoinPoint joinPoint) {System.out.println("after aspect executed");}@Before("pointCut()")public void before(JoinPoint joinPoint) {//如果需要这里可以取出参数进行处理//Object[] args = joinPoint.getArgs();System.out.println("before aspect executing");}@AfterReturning(pointcut = "pointCut()", returning = "returnVal")public void afterReturning(JoinPoint joinPoint, Object returnVal) {System.out.println("afterReturning executed, return result is "+ returnVal);}@Around("pointCut()")public void around(ProceedingJoinPoint pjp) throws Throwable {System.out.println("around start..");try {pjp.proceed();} catch (Throwable ex) {System.out.println("error in around");throw ex;}System.out.println("around end");}@AfterThrowing(pointcut = "pointCut()", throwing = "error")public void afterThrowing(JoinPoint jp, Throwable error) {System.out.println("error:" + error);}}

SimpleAspect类中的第一个方法是pointCut()方法,此方法无任何执行内容,只有一个@Pointcut的注解,其他方法都会引用这个注解中指定的pointcut表达式。

其他几个方法是各种Advice类型的方法实现,在这些方法中都可以通过JoinPoint实例来获得方法执行的上下文信息,参数信息。需要注意AfterReturning和AfterThrowing,After三种不同Advice的执行顺序。

有了spring框架和aspectj以及cglib的支持,我们只需要实现上面两个类就可以使用spring aop的功能了,下面我们看下如何在spring的配置文件中配置spring aop。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?><beans xmlns="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans"       xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"       xmlns:aop="http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop"       xmlns:context="http://www.springframework.org/schema/context"       xsi:schemaLocation="http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/beans/spring-beans-3.0.xsd                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/aop/spring-aop-3.0.xsd                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context                           http://www.springframework.org/schema/context/spring-context-3.1.xsd">    <aop:aspectj-autoproxy />    <context:component-scan base-package="cn.outofmemory" /> </beans>

注意在beans节点中需要指定aop命名空间,一家chemaLocation地址,启用aop只需要添加<aop:aspectj-autoproxy/>就可以了。<context:component-scan/>节点用来指定自动扫描bean的命名空间。

最后我们要测试下aop的效果,需要新建一个App类作为程序的入口类。

package cn.outofmemory.spring_aop_aspect;import org.springframework.context.ApplicationContext;import org.springframework.context.support.ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;/** * Hello world! * */public class App {    public static void main( String[] args )    {    ApplicationContext appContext = new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext("/appContext.xml");    PersonService personService = appContext.getBean(PersonService.class);    String personName = "Jim";    personService.addPerson(personName);    personService.deletePerson(personName);    personService.editPerson(personName);    ((ClassPathXmlApplicationContext)appContext).close();    }}

这个类中我们初始化了ApplicationContext,然后从中得到PersonService的实例,并执行其addPerson,deletePerson,editPerson方法,最后关闭ApplicationContext。

其执行结果如下:

before aspect executingaround start..add person Jimafter aspect executedaround endafterReturning executed, return result is null-------------------------------------before aspect executingaround start..delete person Jimafter aspect executedaround endafterReturning executed, return result is null----------------------------------------before aspect executingaround start..edit person Jimafter aspect executederror in arounderror:java.lang.RuntimeException: edit person throw exceptionException in thread ...

从上面执行结果可以看到我们要执行的Before,around,after以及around,afterReturning,afterThrowing都正常的执行了。

最后给出此示例项目的完整代码:spring-aop-aspect.zip

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