iOS个人整理08-touch触摸事件和手势识别器

一、touch触摸事件

在给定的触摸阶段，如果发生触摸事件，应用程序就会发送下列消息

//触屏开始
-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event

//触屏结束，手指离开屏幕
-(void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event

//滑动
-(void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event

//触屏取消，触摸被打断，来电话，短信等
-(void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event

下面的TouchView实现了创建一块View，点击变成红色，触摸离开变成黑色，按住拖拽会变成随机色，同时View的图块也会随着拖拽而移动

////  TouchView.m//  Class_04_touch////  Created by wanghao on 16/1/12.//  Copyright (c) 2016年 wanghao. All rights reserved.//#import "TouchView.h"@implementation TouchView//每一个UIView或者其子类，都可以实现触摸事件，重写系统提供的方法//触摸开始，触摸对象触摸屏幕-(void)touchesBegan:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    NSLog(@"%s，开始",__func__);    self.backgroundColor = [UIColor redColor];}//触摸对象在屏幕上移动-(void)touchesMoved:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    NSLog(@"%s，移动",__func__);    self.backgroundColor = [UIColor colorWithRed:arc4random()%256/255.0 green:arc4random()%256/255.0 blue:arc4random()%256/255.0 alpha:1];        //得到某个触摸对象，如果支持多点触摸，可得到多个对象    UITouch *touch = touches.anyObject;    //得到触摸对象当前点    CGPoint locationPoint = [touch locationInView:self.superview];    //得到移动之前所在的点    CGPoint prePoint = [touch previousLocationInView:self.superview];    //计算delX delY，就是x,y所移动的距离        float delX = locationPoint.x - prePoint.x;    float delY = locationPoint.y - prePoint.y;        CGRect frame = self.frame;        //获取整个屏幕宽度    float screenWidth = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.width;    float screenHeight = [UIScreen mainScreen].bounds.size.height;        float x = frame.origin.x;    float y = frame.origin.y;    //让视图无法拖出屏幕的范围    if (x + delX < 0 || y + delY < 0 || x + frame.size.width + delX > screenWidth || y +frame.size.height + delY > screenHeight) {        NSLog(@"超出");    }    else    {        self.center = CGPointMake(self.center.x + delX, self.center.y + delY);    }    //移动中改变视图大小    //self.frame = CGRectMake(self.frame.origin.x, self.frame.origin.y, self.frame.size.width + delX, self.frame.size.height + delY);}//手指离开屏幕-(void)touchesEnded:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    NSLog(@"%s,结束",__func__);    self.backgroundColor = [UIColor blackColor];}//触摸被打断，来电话，短信等-(void)touchesCancelled:(NSSet *)touches withEvent:(UIEvent *)event{    NSLog(@"%s,打断",__func__);}@end

二、手势识别器

手势识别器是对触摸事件进行了封装，本身起到了识别作用

传说中IOS有七种手势

轻拍 UITapGestureRecognizer

轻扫 UISwipeGestureRecognizer

沿屏幕边缘轻扫 UIScreenEdgePanGestureRecognizer

捏合 UIPinchGestureRecognizer

旋转 UIRotationGestureRecognizer

平移 UIPanGestureRecognizer

长按 UILongPressGestureRecognizer

下面先使用了轻拍，轻扫和沿屏幕边缘轻扫。

基本过程

1.先初始化手势

    UITapGestureRecognizer *tagGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tapAction:)];    [headImageView addGestureRecognizer:tagGesture];

2.设置手势属性

 //需要的触摸次数    tagGesture.numberOfTapsRequired = 1;    //需要的触摸对象的个数    tagGesture.numberOfTouchesRequired = 2;

3.给View添加手势

    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:tagGesture];

4.实现手势方法

-(void)tapAction:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender{    NSLog(@"轻拍");}

#import "RootViewController.h"#import "TapView.h"@interface RootViewController ()<UIGestureRecognizerDelegate>@end@implementation RootViewController-(void)viewDidLoad{    [super viewDidLoad];             //1.创建轻拍手势    UITapGestureRecognizer *tagGesture = [[UITapGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(tapAction:)];    [headImageView addGestureRecognizer:tagGesture];    //需要的触摸次数    tagGesture.numberOfTapsRequired = 1;    //需要的触摸对象的个数    tagGesture.numberOfTouchesRequired = 2;    [self.view addGestureRecognizer:tagGesture];//2.创建轻扫手势    UISwipeGestureRecognizer *swipeGesture = [[UISwipeGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(swipeAction:)]; //扫动方向 swipeGesture.direction = UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionRight | UISwipeGestureRecognizerDirectionLeft; [self.view addGestureRecognizer:swipeGesture]; //3.创建屏幕边缘轻扫手势 UIScreenEdgePanGestureRecognizer *pan = [[UIScreenEdgePanGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(panAction:)]; [self.view addGestureRecognizer:pan];//边缘设置    pan.edges = UIRectEdgeLeft; //指定手势代理     swipeGesture.delegate = self;}#pragma mark 手势代理//如果视图添加了多个手势，此代理方法如果返回值为YES:运行识别多个手势势 -(BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:          (UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer{ return YES;} //手势开关-(BOOL)gestureRecognizerShouldBegin:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer{     //判断一个视图的类型，如果是button类型，就不响应手势,这样点击button和手势就不会同时触发     if ([[gestureRecognizer view] isKindOfClass:[UIButton class]])     {         return NO;     }     return YES;}//轻拍手势触发的方法-(void)tapAction:(UITapGestureRecognizer *)sender{    //得到轻拍的点    //获取点    CGPoint point=[sender locationInView:sender.view];    NSLog(@"轻拍");}

下面代码实现了捏合，选择，长按，平移手势

这里还涉及了View的图像变化

UIview有一个transform属性，可以对View进行旋转，缩放平移等操作，按住option键可以实现在模拟器上进行两指操作

#import "SecondViewController.h"//需要遵守代理协议@interface SecondViewController ()<UIGestureRecognizerDelegate>@end@implementation SecondViewController-(void)viewDidLoad{    [super viewDidLoad];        //初始化一个UIImageView    UIImageView *myImageView = [[UIImageView alloc]initWithFrame:CGRectMake(100, 100, 200, 200)];    [myImageView setImage:[UIImage imageNamed:@"background.jpg"]];    myImageView.center = self.view.center;    [self.view addSubview:myImageView];    myImageView.userInteractionEnabled = YES;    #pragma mark 手势2        //旋转手势    UIGestureRecognizer *rotation = [[UIRotationGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(rotationAction:)];    //添加手势    [myImageView addGestureRecognizer:rotation];    //设置代理    rotation.delegate = self;        //捏合手势    UIPinchGestureRecognizer *pinch = [[UIPinchGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(pinchAction:)];    [myImageView addGestureRecognizer:pinch];    //设置代理    pinch.delegate = self;        //平移手势    UIPanGestureRecognizer *pan = [[UIPanGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(panAction:)];    [myImageView addGestureRecognizer:pan];        //长按手势    UILongPressGestureRecognizer *longPress = [[UILongPressGestureRecognizer alloc]initWithTarget:self action:@selector(longPressAction:)];    //长按时间，默认0.5    longPress.minimumPressDuration = 1;    //长按时可移动范围    longPress.allowableMovement = 100;    [myImageView addGestureRecognizer:longPress];    //添加代理    longPress.delegate = self;    }//长按方法-(void)longPressAction:(UILongPressGestureRecognizer*)sender{    //进行判断，长按开始的时候，不设置则长按离开也会触发    if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateBegan) {       NSLog(@"长按");    }    else if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateEnded)    {        NSLog(@"长按结束");    }    else if (sender.state == UIGestureRecognizerStateChanged)    {        NSLog(@"长按变化");    }  }#pragma mark 实现手势方法//平移方法-(void)panAction:(UIPanGestureRecognizer*)sender{    UIView *myView = [sender view];   //locationInView:  （获取当前坐标）translationInView: （获取当前x和y方向两个方向位移）    //得到偏移量    CGPoint translation = [sender translationInView:myView];    //通过2D仿射函数中与位移相关的函数来改变视图位置    //tx,ty X,Y方向的位移    myView.transform = CGAffineTransformTranslate(myView.transform, translation.x, translation.y);    //设置偏移归位CGPointZero = CGPointMake(0,0)    [sender setTranslation:CGPointZero inView:myView];    }//捏合方法-(void)pinchAction:(UIPinchGestureRecognizer*)sender{    UIView *myView = [sender view];    //缩放大小    float myScale = sender.scale;    //通过2D仿射变换函数与缩放有关的函数改变视图大小    myView.transform = CGAffineTransformScale(myView.transform, myScale, myScale);    //复原    sender.scale = 1;}-(void)rotationAction:(UIRotationGestureRecognizer*)sender{    //手势作用的视图    UIView *myView = [sender view];        //通过2D仿射变换函数与旋转相关的函数对视图旋转    //第一个参数：作用视图的transfrom    //第二个参数：旋转的角度    float rotation = sender.rotation;    myView.transform = CGAffineTransformRotate(myView.transform, rotation);        //myView.transform = CGAffineTransformMakeRotation(M_PI_2);    //每进行一次旋转，都需要将旋转角度复原，让其在原有基础上再次累加    sender.rotation = 0;}//实现代理方法，可以同时响应多个手势-(BOOL)gestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)gestureRecognizer shouldRecognizeSimultaneouslyWithGestureRecognizer:(UIGestureRecognizer *)otherGestureRecognizer{    return YES;}@end