【Android 开发】SufaceView自定义相机拍照

来源：互联网发布：运营商网络攻击编辑：程序博客网时间：2024/04/30 15:54

前段时间写了关于一篇关于调用系统相机的博客，如果需要调用系统相机和截图可以看一看这篇博客：Android学习之调用系统相机拍照、截图并保存最近发现不同手机，调用系统相机效果不太好,，所以学习Android 的相机原理，自定义了一个Android相机。看了这篇博客，相信大家都会写一个自己的相机。

我对比了一下小猿搜题、学霸君、作业帮、阿凡题这四款app的拍照功能，个人感觉小猿搜题的体验要好一些，因为从主界面进入拍照界面，连个界面没有一个旋转的过渡，而学霸君就有一个过渡，有一丝丝的影响体验。也就是说学霸君的拍照界面是横屏的，在activity的onCreate方法里面调用了setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE)来设置全屏，而切换界面的时候又从竖屏切换为横屏，就会有个过渡的效果，影响了体验。

项目地址：https://github.com/Terrybthvi/MyCamera

这个项目仿照小猿搜题app，首先我们将相机布局最低层是显示摄像头获取到的图像，上层是网格线，聚焦图标等。

效果图如下所示：

1、绘制网格参考线

绘制网格参考线就是绘制拍照时屏幕中的竖线和直线，代码如下所示：

2、自定义相机代码

这里我们要创建一个SurfaceView，将摄像头获取到的图像放到SurfsaceView中显示。主要方法如下：

1、继承SurfaceView，定义变量，初始化类。

2、实现三个方法对sufarceView监听。

surfaceCreated();
surfaceChanged();
surfaceDestroyed();

3、获取相机实例

4、设置相机监听

5、增加自动聚焦和点击屏幕聚焦

6、拍照以及设置图片格式

3、为相机添加聚焦功能

4、Activity调用相机

actiity中注册了SensorEventListener，也就是使用传感器监听用户手机的移动，如果有一定距离的移动，则自动聚焦，这样体验好一点。

<span style="font-family:SimHei;font-size:18px;">package com.example.terry.mycamera;import android.animation.AnimatorSet;import android.animation.ObjectAnimator;import android.annotation.TargetApi;import android.app.Activity;import android.content.ContentResolver;import android.content.ContentValues;import android.content.Context;import android.content.Intent;import android.content.res.Configuration;import android.graphics.Bitmap;import android.graphics.BitmapFactory;import android.hardware.Sensor;import android.hardware.SensorEvent;import android.hardware.SensorEventListener;import android.hardware.SensorManager;import android.net.Uri;import android.os.Build;import android.os.Bundle;import android.os.Environment;import android.provider.MediaStore;import android.text.format.DateFormat;import android.util.Log;import android.view.View;import android.view.Window;import android.view.WindowManager;import android.view.animation.LinearInterpolator;import android.widget.LinearLayout;import android.widget.RelativeLayout;import android.widget.TextView;import com.example.terry.mycamera.Crop.CropImageView;import com.example.terry.mycamera.Crop.CropperImage;import com.example.terry.mycamera.camare.CameraPreview;import com.example.terry.mycamera.camare.FocusView;import java.io.File;import java.io.FileNotFoundException;import java.io.FileOutputStream;import java.io.IOException;import java.io.OutputStream;/** * @Class: TakePhotoActivity * @Description: 拍照界面 * @author: leiqi(http://blog.csdn.net/u013132758) * @Date: 2016/3/15 */public class TakePhotoActivity extends Activity implements CameraPreview.OnCameraStatusListener,        SensorEventListener {    private static final String TAG = "TakePhoteActivity";    public static final Uri IMAGE_URI = MediaStore.Images.Media.EXTERNAL_CONTENT_URI;    public static final String PATH = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory()            .toString() + "/AndroidMedia/";    CameraPreview mCameraPreview;    CropImageView mCropImageView;    RelativeLayout mTakePhotoLayout;    LinearLayout mCropperLayout;    @Override    protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {        super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);        // 设置横屏//        setRequestedOrientation(ActivityInfo.SCREEN_ORIENTATION_LANDSCAPE);        // 设置全屏        requestWindowFeature(Window.FEATURE_NO_TITLE);        getWindow().setFlags(WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN,                WindowManager.LayoutParams.FLAG_FULLSCREEN);        setContentView(R.layout.activity_take_photo);        // Initialize components of the app        mCropImageView = (CropImageView) findViewById(R.id.CropImageView);        mCameraPreview = (CameraPreview) findViewById(R.id.cameraPreview);        FocusView focusView = (FocusView) findViewById(R.id.view_focus);        mTakePhotoLayout = (RelativeLayout) findViewById(R.id.take_photo_layout);        mCropperLayout = (LinearLayout) findViewById(R.id.cropper_layout);        mCameraPreview.setFocusView(focusView);        mCameraPreview.setOnCameraStatusListener(this);        mCropImageView.setGuidelines(2);        mSensorManager = (SensorManager) getSystemService(Context.                SENSOR_SERVICE);        mAccel = mSensorManager.getDefaultSensor(Sensor.                TYPE_ACCELEROMETER);    }    boolean isRotated = false;    @TargetApi(Build.VERSION_CODES.HONEYCOMB)    @Override    protected void onResume() {        super.onResume();        if(!isRotated) {            TextView hint_tv = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.hint);            ObjectAnimator animator = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(hint_tv, "rotation", 0f, 90f);            animator.setStartDelay(800);            animator.setDuration(1000);            animator.setInterpolator(new LinearInterpolator());            animator.start();            View view =  findViewById(R.id.crop_hint);            AnimatorSet animSet = new AnimatorSet();            ObjectAnimator animator1 = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(view, "rotation", 0f, 90f);            ObjectAnimator moveIn = ObjectAnimator.ofFloat(view, "translationX", 0f, -50f);            animSet.play(animator1).before(moveIn);            animSet.setDuration(10);            animSet.start();            isRotated = true;        }        mSensorManager.registerListener(this, mAccel, SensorManager.SENSOR_DELAY_UI);    }    @Override    protected void onPause() {        super.onPause();        mSensorManager.unregisterListener(this);    }    @Override    public void onConfigurationChanged(Configuration newConfig) {        Log.e(TAG, "onConfigurationChanged");        super.onConfigurationChanged(newConfig);    }    public void takePhoto(View view) {        if(mCameraPreview != null) {            mCameraPreview.takePicture();        }    }    public void openlight(View view)    {        if (mCameraPreview != null)        {            mCameraPreview.openLight();            view.setVisibility(View.GONE);            View v = findViewById(R.id.nolight);            v.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);        }    }public void offlight(View v){    if (mCameraPreview != null)    {        mCameraPreview.offLight();        v.setVisibility(View.GONE);        View view = findViewById(R.id.light);        view.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);    }}    public void close(View view) {        finish();    }    /**     * 关闭截图界面     * @param view     */    public void closeCropper(View view) {        showTakePhotoLayout();    }    /**     * 开始截图，并保存图片     * @param view     */    public void startCropper(View view) {        //获取截图并旋转90度        CropperImage cropperImage = mCropImageView.getCroppedImage();        Log.e(TAG, cropperImage.getX() + "," + cropperImage.getY());        Log.e(TAG, cropperImage.getWidth() + "," + cropperImage.getHeight());        Bitmap bitmap = Utils.rotate(cropperImage.getBitmap(), -90);//        Bitmap bitmap = mCropImageView.getCroppedImage();        // 系统时间        long dateTaken = System.currentTimeMillis();        // 图像名称        String filename = DateFormat.format("yyyy-MM-dd kk.mm.ss", dateTaken)                .toString() + ".jpg";        Uri uri = insertImage(getContentResolver(), filename, dateTaken, PATH,                filename, bitmap, null);        cropperImage.getBitmap().recycle();        cropperImage.setBitmap(null);        Intent intent = new Intent(this, PreviewActivity.class);        intent.setData(uri);        intent.putExtra("path", PATH + filename);        intent.putExtra("width", bitmap.getWidth());        intent.putExtra("height", bitmap.getHeight());        intent.putExtra("cropperImage", cropperImage);        startActivity(intent);        bitmap.recycle();        finish();        super.overridePendingTransition(R.anim.fade_in,                R.anim.fade_out);//        doAnimation(cropperImage);    }    /**     * 拍照成功后回调     * 存储图片并显示截图界面     * @param data     */    @Override    public void onCameraStopped(byte[] data) {        Log.i("TAG", "==onCameraStopped==");        // 创建图像        Bitmap bitmap = BitmapFactory.decodeByteArray(data, 0, data.length);        // 系统时间        long dateTaken = System.currentTimeMillis();        // 图像名称        String filename = DateFormat.format("yyyy-MM-dd kk.mm.ss", dateTaken)                .toString() + ".jpg";        // 存储图像（PATH目录）        Uri source = insertImage(getContentResolver(), filename, dateTaken, PATH,                filename, bitmap, data);        //准备截图        try {            mCropImageView.setImageBitmap(MediaStore.Images.Media.getBitmap(this.getContentResolver(), source));//            mCropImageView.rotateImage(90);        } catch (IOException e) {            Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());        }        showCropperLayout();    }    /**     * 存储图像并将信息添加入媒体数据库     */    private Uri insertImage(ContentResolver cr, String name, long dateTaken,                            String directory, String filename, Bitmap source, byte[] jpegData) {        OutputStream outputStream = null;        String filePath = directory + filename;        try {            File dir = new File(directory);            if (!dir.exists()) {                dir.mkdirs();            }            File file = new File(directory, filename);            if (file.createNewFile()) {                outputStream = new FileOutputStream(file);                if (source != null) {                    source.compress(Bitmap.CompressFormat.JPEG, 100, outputStream);                } else {                    outputStream.write(jpegData);                }            }        } catch (FileNotFoundException e) {            Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());            return null;        } catch (IOException e) {            Log.e(TAG, e.getMessage());            return null;        } finally {            if (outputStream != null) {                try {                    outputStream.close();                } catch (Throwable t) {                }            }        }        ContentValues values = new ContentValues(7);        values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.TITLE, name);        values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DISPLAY_NAME, filename);        values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATE_TAKEN, dateTaken);        values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.MIME_TYPE, "image/jpeg");        values.put(MediaStore.Images.Media.DATA, filePath);        return cr.insert(IMAGE_URI, values);    }    private void showTakePhotoLayout() {        mTakePhotoLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);        mCropperLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);    }    private void showCropperLayout() {        mTakePhotoLayout.setVisibility(View.GONE);        mCropperLayout.setVisibility(View.VISIBLE);        mCameraPreview.start();   //继续启动摄像头    }    private float mLastX = 0;    private float mLastY = 0;    private float mLastZ = 0;    private boolean mInitialized = false;    private SensorManager mSensorManager;    private Sensor mAccel;    @Override    public void onSensorChanged(SensorEvent event) {        float x = event.values[0];        float y = event.values[1];        float z = event.values[2];        if (!mInitialized){            mLastX = x;            mLastY = y;            mLastZ = z;            mInitialized = true;        }        float deltaX  = Math.abs(mLastX - x);        float deltaY = Math.abs(mLastY - y);        float deltaZ = Math.abs(mLastZ - z);        if(deltaX > 0.8 || deltaY > 0.8 || deltaZ > 0.8){            mCameraPreview.setFocus();        }        mLastX = x;        mLastY = y;        mLastZ = z;    }    @Override    public void onAccuracyChanged(Sensor sensor, int accuracy) {    }}</span>

5、添加计算焦点及测光区域、拍照后图片旋转以及检测摄像头是否可用

<span style="font-family:SimHei;font-size:18px;">package com.example.terry.mycamera;import android.content.Context;/** * Created by leiqi on 15/9/29. */import android.content.pm.PackageManager;import android.graphics.Bitmap;import android.graphics.Matrix;import android.graphics.Rect;import android.os.Environment;import android.util.DisplayMetrics;import java.io.File;/** * @Class: * @Description: * @author: leiqi(http://blog.csdn.net/u013132758) * @Date: 2016/3/15 */public class Utils {    public static DisplayMetrics getScreenWH(Context context) {        DisplayMetrics dMetrics = new DisplayMetrics();        dMetrics = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics();        return dMetrics;    }    /**     * 计算焦点及测光区域     *     * @param focusWidth     * @param focusHeight     * @param areaMultiple     * @param x     * @param y     * @param previewleft     * @param previewRight     * @param previewTop     * @param previewBottom     * @return Rect(left,top,right,bottom) : left、top、right、bottom是以显示区域中心为原点的坐标     */    public static Rect calculateTapArea(int focusWidth, int focusHeight,                                        float areaMultiple, float x, float y, int previewleft,                                        int previewRight, int previewTop, int previewBottom) {        int areaWidth = (int) (focusWidth * areaMultiple);        int areaHeight = (int) (focusHeight * areaMultiple);        int centerX = (previewleft + previewRight) / 2;        int centerY = (previewTop + previewBottom) / 2;        double unitx = ((double) previewRight - (double) previewleft) / 2000;        double unity = ((double) previewBottom - (double) previewTop) / 2000;        int left = clamp((int) (((x - areaWidth / 2) - centerX) / unitx),                -1000, 1000);        int top = clamp((int) (((y - areaHeight / 2) - centerY) / unity),                -1000, 1000);        int right = clamp((int) (left + areaWidth / unitx), -1000, 1000);        int bottom = clamp((int) (top + areaHeight / unity), -1000, 1000);        return new Rect(left, top, right, bottom);    }    public static int clamp(int x, int min, int max) {        if (x > max)            return max;        if (x < min)            return min;        return x;    }    /**     * 检测摄像头设备是否可用     * Check if this device has a camera     * @param context     * @return     */    public static boolean checkCameraHardware(Context context) {        if (context != null && context.getPackageManager().hasSystemFeature(PackageManager.FEATURE_CAMERA)) {            // this device has a camera            return true;        } else {            // no camera on this device            return false;        }    }    /**     * @param context     * @return app_cache_path/dirName     */    public static String getDBDir(Context context) {        String path = null;        if (Environment.MEDIA_MOUNTED.equals(Environment.getExternalStorageState())) {            path = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory().getAbsolutePath() +                    File.separator + "bbk" + File.separator + "cloudteacher" + File.separator + "db";            File externalCacheDir = context.getExternalCacheDir();            if (externalCacheDir != null) {                path = externalCacheDir.getPath();            }        }        if (path == null) {            File cacheDir = context.getCacheDir();            if (cacheDir != null && cacheDir.exists()) {                path = cacheDir.getPath();            }        }        return path;    }    /**     * bitmap旋转     * @param b     * @param degrees     * @return     */    public static Bitmap rotate(Bitmap b, int degrees) {        if (degrees != 0 && b != null) {            Matrix m = new Matrix();            m.setRotate(degrees, (float) b.getWidth() / 2, (float) b.getHeight() / 2);            try {                Bitmap b2 = Bitmap.createBitmap(                        b, 0, 0, b.getWidth(), b.getHeight(), m, true);                if (b != b2) {                    b.recycle();  //Android开发再次提示Bitmap操作完应该显示的释放                    b = b2;                }            } catch (OutOfMemoryError ex) {                // Android123建议大家如何出现了内存不足异常，最好return 原始的bitmap对象。.            }        }        return b;    }    public static final int getHeightInPx(Context context) {        final int height = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().heightPixels;        return height;    }    public static final int getWidthInPx(Context context) {        final int width = context.getResources().getDisplayMetrics().widthPixels;        return width;    }}</span>

源码下载地址：https://github.com/Terrybthvi/MyCamera

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