可视化库Matplotlib-子图

导入numpy库、pandas库和Matplotlib库

import numpy as npimport pandas as pdimport matplotlib.pyplot as plt

1、将画板分为几个子图

#创建一个画板fig = plt.figure()#创建子图，参数n、m、k分别表示把画板分为n×m块子画板，子图在k子画板上ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 1)ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 2)ax3 = fig.add_subplot(2, 2, 4)plt.show()

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2、定义画板的长和宽

#figsize()定义画板的长和宽fig = plt.figure(figsize=(10, 6))ax1 = fig.add_subplot(2, 1, 1)ax2 = fig.add_subplot(2, 1, 2)ax1.plot(np.random.randint(1, 5, 5), np.arange(5))ax2.plot(np.arange(10)*3, np.arange(10))plt.show()

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3、将折线画在同一个图中

unrate = pd.read_csv("UNRATE.csv")unrate['DATE'] = pd.to_datetime(unrate['DATE'])unrate['MONTH'] = unrate['DATE'].dt.monthunrate['MONTH'] = unrate['DATE'].dt.monthfig = plt.figure(figsize = (6, 3))plt.plot(unrate[0:12]['MONTH'], unrate[0:12]['VALUE'], c='red')plt.plot(unrate[12:24]['MONTH'], unrate[12:24]['VALUE'], c='blue')plt.show()

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4、添加说明框

fig = plt.figure(figsize = (10, 6))color = ['red', 'blue', 'green', 'orange', 'black']for i in range(5):    start_index = i*12    end_index = (i+1)*12    subset = unrate[start_index:end_index]    label = str(1948 + i)    plt.plot(subset['MONTH'], subset['VALUE'], c=color[i], label=label)#loc:说明框定位，best：自动选择plt.legend(loc='best')plt.show()

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