普通字符设备LED驱动程序(IO映射内存实现)

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 驱动程序:

 

#include <linux/module.h> //内核模块头文件#include <linux/moduleparam.h>  //内核模块参数头文件#include <linux/kernel.h>  //printk头文件#include<asm/io.h>//ioremap需要//包含有可装载模块需要的大量符合和函数的定义;#include <linux/init.h>//指定初始化和清除函数;//struct file_operactions 相关头文件#include <linux/fs.h>#include <asm/uaccess.h>//struct cdev 相关头文件#include <linux/types.h>#include <linux/cdev.h>//定义设备名称#define DEVICE_NAME "led2"//定义主次设备号static unsigned int LedMajor=0;static unsigned int LedMinor=0;/* 注册字符设备 */static struct cdev *led_cdev;static dev_t dev;  //设备号volatile unsigned int long *gpb_con = NULL;  volatile unsigned int long *gpb_data = NULL;  static int led_ioctl(struct inode *inode, struct file *file,                      unsigned int cmd, unsigned long arg)  {              if((cmd>1) | (cmd<0) | (arg>3) | (arg<0))                     return -EINVAL;                               switch(cmd)           {                     case 0:                              *gpb_data&= ~(1<<(arg+5));  //0                            break;                     case 1:                              *gpb_data|= (1<<(arg+5));  //1                            break;                                                  default:                              return -EINVAL;                                        }                     return 0;  }  static int led_open(struct inode *inode, struct file *file){printk("led_open\n");//映射I/O内存  gpb_con = (volatile unsigned long *)ioremap(0x56000010,16); //0x56000010为GPIOB控制寄存器的物理地址  gpb_data = gpb_con+1;  //这里+1是加了4个字节,因为指针+1是以指针的长度为单位的(unsigned long *)/* 配置GPB5,6,7,8为输出 */*gpb_con |= (1<<(5*2)) | (1<<(6*2)) | (1<<(7*2)) | (1<<(8*2));/* 初始化为灭 */*gpb_data |=(1<<5) | (1<<6) | (1<<7) | (1<<8); printk("leaving led_open\n");return 0;}static int led_release(struct inode *inode,struct file *file){        printk("close major=%d, minor=%d\n", imajor(inode), iminor(inode));return 0;}static struct file_operations chardev_fops={.owner = THIS_MODULE,.open = led_open,.release = led_release,.ioctl = led_ioctl,};static int __init dev_init(void){int result;/*分配设备编号*/if(LedMajor){dev=MKDEV(LedMajor,LedMinor);//创建设备编号result=register_chrdev_region(dev,1,DEVICE_NAME);} else {result=alloc_chrdev_region(&dev,LedMinor,1,DEVICE_NAME);LedMajor=MAJOR(dev);}if(result<0){printk(KERN_WARNING"LED: cannot get major %d \n",LedMajor);return result;}/* 注册字符设备 */led_cdev=cdev_alloc();//为struct cdev 分配空间cdev_init(led_cdev,&chardev_fops);//初始化struct cdevled_cdev->owner=THIS_MODULE;result=cdev_add(led_cdev,dev,1);if(result)printk("<1>Error %d while register led device!\n",result);printk("initialzed.\n");return 0;}static void __exit dev_exit(void){unregister_chrdev_region(MKDEV(LedMajor,LedMinor),1);cdev_del(led_cdev);}module_init(dev_init);module_exit(dev_exit);MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");MODULE_AUTHOR("Bai");


这段代码把GPB寄存器的物理地址映射到内存上,再进行操作。

注册一个独立的cdev设备的基本过程如下:

1、为struct cdev 分配空间
struct cdev *my_cdev = cdev_alloc();

2、初始化struct cdev ,主要是对 file_operations成员赋值,

void cdev_init(struct cdev *cdev, const struct  file_operations *fops)

3、初始化cdev.owner 指针,实现模块管理时的指针引用

cdev.owner = THIS_MODULE;

4、cdev设置完成后,向内核字符设备数组添加新的struct cdev的信息(在执行这步之前必须确定你对struct cdev的以上设置已经完成)

int cdev_add(struct cdev *dev, dev_t devno, unsigned count)

dev 是 cdev 结构, devno是这个设备响应的第一个设备号, count 是应当关联到设备的设备号的数目.

5、从系统中移除一个字符设备:
void cdev_del(struct cdev *dev)

 

使用:

1)用Makefile编译成ko文件放到开发板上

2)arm-linux-gcc led2_test.c -o led2_test 编译后放到开发板上

3)insmod mini2440_led2.ko加载模块

4)用cat /proc/devices 看看设备号   led2是253

5)再mknod /dev/led2 c 253 0

4)./led2_test 0 1 再./led2_test 1 1测试

5)rmmod mini2440_led2卸载

 

 

 

自动创建设备文件:

加上

#include <linux/device.h> /* device_create()*/
static struct class *led_class;// 
/*自动创建设备文件*/led_class = class_create(THIS_MODULE,"led_dev"); /*在sys下创建类目录/sys/class/led_dev*/device_create(led_class, NULL, MKDEV(LedMajor,0), NULL, "led2"); //自动创建设备文件led2

 

ok


 

 

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