POJ 3126 Prime Path (BFS)
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Prime Path
Time Limit: 1000MS Memory Limit: 65536KTotal Submissions: 9982 Accepted: 5724
Description
The ministers of the cabinet were quite upset by the message from the Chief of Security stating that they would all have to change the four-digit room numbers on their offices.
— It is a matter of security to change such things every now and then, to keep the enemy in the dark.
— But look, I have chosen my number 1033 for good reasons. I am the Prime minister, you know!
— I know, so therefore your new number 8179 is also a prime. You will just have to paste four new digits over the four old ones on your office door.
— No, it’s not that simple. Suppose that I change the first digit to an 8, then the number will read 8033 which is not a prime!
— I see, being the prime minister you cannot stand having a non-prime number on your door even for a few seconds.
— Correct! So I must invent a scheme for going from 1033 to 8179 by a path of prime numbers where only one digit is changed from one prime to the next prime.
Now, the minister of finance, who had been eavesdropping, intervened.
— No unnecessary expenditure, please! I happen to know that the price of a digit is one pound.
— Hmm, in that case I need a computer program to minimize the cost. You don't know some very cheap software gurus, do you?
— In fact, I do. You see, there is this programming contest going on... Help the prime minister to find the cheapest prime path between any two given four-digit primes! The first digit must be nonzero, of course. Here is a solution in the case above.
— It is a matter of security to change such things every now and then, to keep the enemy in the dark.
— But look, I have chosen my number 1033 for good reasons. I am the Prime minister, you know!
— I know, so therefore your new number 8179 is also a prime. You will just have to paste four new digits over the four old ones on your office door.
— No, it’s not that simple. Suppose that I change the first digit to an 8, then the number will read 8033 which is not a prime!
— I see, being the prime minister you cannot stand having a non-prime number on your door even for a few seconds.
— Correct! So I must invent a scheme for going from 1033 to 8179 by a path of prime numbers where only one digit is changed from one prime to the next prime.
Now, the minister of finance, who had been eavesdropping, intervened.
— No unnecessary expenditure, please! I happen to know that the price of a digit is one pound.
— Hmm, in that case I need a computer program to minimize the cost. You don't know some very cheap software gurus, do you?
— In fact, I do. You see, there is this programming contest going on... Help the prime minister to find the cheapest prime path between any two given four-digit primes! The first digit must be nonzero, of course. Here is a solution in the case above.
1033The cost of this solution is 6 pounds. Note that the digit 1 which got pasted over in step 2 can not be reused in the last step – a new 1 must be purchased.
1733
3733
3739
3779
8779
8179
Input
One line with a positive number: the number of test cases (at most 100). Then for each test case, one line with two numbers separated by a blank. Both numbers are four-digit primes (without leading zeros).
Output
One line for each case, either with a number stating the minimal cost or containing the word Impossible.
Sample Input
31033 81791373 80171033 1033
Sample Output
670
题意:给定两个素数n和m,要求把n变成m,每次变换时只能变一个数字,即变换后的数与变换前的数只有一个数字不同,并且要保证变换后的四位数也是素数。求最小的变换次数;如果不能完成变换,输出Impossible。
无论怎么变换,个位数字一定是奇数(个位数字为偶数肯定不是素数),这样枚举个位数字时只需枚举奇数就行;而且千位数字不能是0。所以可以用广搜,枚举各个数位上的数字,满足要求的数就加入队列,直到变换成功。因为是广搜,所以一定能保证次数最少。
AC代码:
#include<cstdio>#include<cstring>#include<cmath>#include<queue>#include<algorithm>using namespace std;int n, m;const int N = 1e4 + 100;int vis[N];struct node{ int x, step;};queue<node> Q;bool judge_prime(int x) //判断素数{ if(x == 0 || x == 1) return false; else if(x == 2 || x == 3) return true; else { for(int i = 2; i <= (int)sqrt(x); i++) if(x % i == 0) return false; return true; }}void BFS(){ int X, STEP, i; while(!Q.empty()) { node tmp; tmp = Q.front(); Q.pop(); X = tmp.x; STEP = tmp.step; if(X == m) { printf("%d\n",STEP); return ; } for(i = 1; i <= 9; i += 2) //个位 { int s = X / 10 * 10 + i; if(s != X && !vis[s] && judge_prime(s)) { vis[s] = 1; node temp; temp.x = s; temp.step = STEP + 1; Q.push(temp); } } for(i = 0; i <= 9; i++) //十位 { int s = X / 100 * 100 + i * 10 + X % 10; if(s != X && !vis[s] && judge_prime(s)) { vis[s] = 1; node temp; temp.x = s; temp.step = STEP + 1; Q.push(temp); } } for(i = 0; i <= 9; i++) //百位 { int s = X / 1000 * 1000 + i * 100 + X % 100; if(s != X && !vis[s] && judge_prime(s)) { vis[s] = 1; node temp; temp.x = s; temp.step = STEP + 1; Q.push(temp); } } for(i = 1; i <= 9; i++) //千位 { int s = i * 1000 + X % 1000; if(s != X && !vis[s] && judge_prime(s)) { vis[s] = 1; node temp; temp.x = s; temp.step = STEP + 1; Q.push(temp); } } } printf("Impossible\n"); return ;}int main(){ int t, i; scanf("%d",&t); while(t--) { while(!Q.empty()) Q.pop(); scanf("%d%d",&n,&m); memset(vis,0,sizeof(vis)); vis[n] = 1; node tmp; tmp.x = n; tmp.step = 0; Q.push(tmp); BFS(); } return 0;}有一点我不明白:上面的代码选G++可以AC,但是用C++就Compile Error。
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