HDU 2181 哈密顿绕行世界问题（经典DFS+回溯）

哈密顿绕行世界问题

Time Limit: 3000/1000 MS (Java/Others)    Memory Limit: 32768/32768 K (Java/Others)
Total Submission(s): 3105    Accepted Submission(s): 1918

Problem Description

一个规则的实心十二面体，它的 20个顶点标出世界著名的20个城市，你从一个城市出发经过每个城市刚好一次后回到出发的城市。 

 

Input

前20行的第i行有3个数,表示与第i个城市相邻的3个城市.第20行以后每行有1个数m,m<=20,m>=1.m=0退出.

 

Output

输出从第m个城市出发经过每个城市1次又回到m的所有路线,如有多条路线,按字典序输出,每行1条路线.每行首先输出是第几条路线.然后个一个: 后列出经过的城市.参看Sample output

 

Sample Input

2 5 201 3 122 4 103 5 81 4 65 7 196 8 174 7 98 10 163 9 1110 12 152 11 1312 14 2013 15 1811 14 169 15 177 16 1814 17 196 18 201 13 1950

 

Sample Output

1:  5 1 2 3 4 8 7 17 18 14 15 16 9 10 11 12 13 20 19 6 52:  5 1 2 3 4 8 9 10 11 12 13 20 19 18 14 15 16 17 7 6 53:  5 1 2 3 10 9 16 17 18 14 15 11 12 13 20 19 6 7 8 4 54:  5 1 2 3 10 11 12 13 20 19 6 7 17 18 14 15 16 9 8 4 55:  5 1 2 12 11 10 3 4 8 9 16 15 14 13 20 19 18 17 7 6 56:  5 1 2 12 11 15 14 13 20 19 18 17 16 9 10 3 4 8 7 6 57:  5 1 2 12 11 15 16 9 10 3 4 8 7 17 18 14 13 20 19 6 58:  5 1 2 12 11 15 16 17 18 14 13 20 19 6 7 8 9 10 3 4 59:  5 1 2 12 13 20 19 6 7 8 9 16 17 18 14 15 11 10 3 4 510:  5 1 2 12 13 20 19 18 14 15 11 10 3 4 8 9 16 17 7 6 511:  5 1 20 13 12 2 3 4 8 7 17 16 9 10 11 15 14 18 19 6 512:  5 1 20 13 12 2 3 10 11 15 14 18 19 6 7 17 16 9 8 4 513:  5 1 20 13 14 15 11 12 2 3 10 9 16 17 18 19 6 7 8 4 514:  5 1 20 13 14 15 16 9 10 11 12 2 3 4 8 7 17 18 19 6 515:  5 1 20 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 2 3 4 516:  5 1 20 13 14 18 19 6 7 17 16 15 11 12 2 3 10 9 8 4 517:  5 1 20 19 6 7 8 9 10 11 15 16 17 18 14 13 12 2 3 4 518:  5 1 20 19 6 7 17 18 14 13 12 2 3 10 11 15 16 9 8 4 519:  5 1 20 19 18 14 13 12 2 3 4 8 9 10 11 15 16 17 7 6 520:  5 1 20 19 18 17 16 9 10 11 15 14 13 12 2 3 4 8 7 6 521:  5 4 3 2 1 20 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 17 16 15 14 18 19 6 522:  5 4 3 2 1 20 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 523:  5 4 3 2 12 11 10 9 8 7 6 19 18 17 16 15 14 13 20 1 524:  5 4 3 2 12 13 14 18 17 16 15 11 10 9 8 7 6 19 20 1 525:  5 4 3 10 9 8 7 6 19 20 13 14 18 17 16 15 11 12 2 1 526:  5 4 3 10 9 8 7 17 16 15 11 12 2 1 20 13 14 18 19 6 527:  5 4 3 10 11 12 2 1 20 13 14 15 16 9 8 7 17 18 19 6 528:  5 4 3 10 11 15 14 13 12 2 1 20 19 18 17 16 9 8 7 6 529:  5 4 3 10 11 15 14 18 17 16 9 8 7 6 19 20 13 12 2 1 530:  5 4 3 10 11 15 16 9 8 7 17 18 14 13 12 2 1 20 19 6 531:  5 4 8 7 6 19 18 17 16 9 10 3 2 12 11 15 14 13 20 1 532:  5 4 8 7 6 19 20 13 12 11 15 14 18 17 16 9 10 3 2 1 533:  5 4 8 7 17 16 9 10 3 2 1 20 13 12 11 15 14 18 19 6 534:  5 4 8 7 17 18 14 13 12 11 15 16 9 10 3 2 1 20 19 6 535:  5 4 8 9 10 3 2 1 20 19 18 14 13 12 11 15 16 17 7 6 536:  5 4 8 9 10 3 2 12 11 15 16 17 7 6 19 18 14 13 20 1 537:  5 4 8 9 16 15 11 10 3 2 12 13 14 18 17 7 6 19 20 1 538:  5 4 8 9 16 15 14 13 12 11 10 3 2 1 20 19 18 17 7 6 539:  5 4 8 9 16 15 14 18 17 7 6 19 20 13 12 11 10 3 2 1 540:  5 4 8 9 16 17 7 6 19 18 14 15 11 10 3 2 12 13 20 1 541:  5 6 7 8 4 3 2 12 13 14 15 11 10 9 16 17 18 19 20 1 542:  5 6 7 8 4 3 10 9 16 17 18 19 20 13 14 15 11 12 2 1 543:  5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 1 2 3 4 544:  5 6 7 8 9 16 17 18 19 20 1 2 12 13 14 15 11 10 3 4 545:  5 6 7 17 16 9 8 4 3 10 11 15 14 18 19 20 13 12 2 1 546:  5 6 7 17 16 15 11 10 9 8 4 3 2 12 13 14 18 19 20 1 547:  5 6 7 17 16 15 11 12 13 14 18 19 20 1 2 3 10 9 8 4 548:  5 6 7 17 16 15 14 18 19 20 13 12 11 10 9 8 4 3 2 1 549:  5 6 7 17 18 19 20 1 2 3 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 9 8 4 550:  5 6 7 17 18 19 20 13 14 15 16 9 8 4 3 10 11 12 2 1 551:  5 6 19 18 14 13 20 1 2 12 11 15 16 17 7 8 9 10 3 4 552:  5 6 19 18 14 15 11 10 9 16 17 7 8 4 3 2 12 13 20 1 553:  5 6 19 18 14 15 11 12 13 20 1 2 3 10 9 16 17 7 8 4 554:  5 6 19 18 14 15 16 17 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 20 1 2 3 4 555:  5 6 19 18 17 7 8 4 3 2 12 11 10 9 16 15 14 13 20 1 556:  5 6 19 18 17 7 8 9 16 15 14 13 20 1 2 12 11 10 3 4 557:  5 6 19 20 1 2 3 10 9 16 15 11 12 13 14 18 17 7 8 4 558:  5 6 19 20 1 2 12 13 14 18 17 7 8 9 16 15 11 10 3 4 559:  5 6 19 20 13 12 11 10 9 16 15 14 18 17 7 8 4 3 2 1 560:  5 6 19 20 13 14 18 17 7 8 4 3 10 9 16 15 11 12 2 1 5

 

Author

Zhousc

 

Source

ECJTU 2008 Summer Contest

 

题目链接：HDU 2181

感觉是非常经典的DFS回溯题，题目中要求按字典序排序，那每一次选的可行点肯定是要最小的，用边储存不好，还是用点储存比较好，还有题目中虽然说是无向图，但是实际建图还是只需要单向边即可，因为题意是沿着一个方向刚好都旅行到一次，双向边会大大增加搜索时间导致无法输出…………

代码：

#include<iostream>#include<algorithm>#include<cstdlib>#include<sstream>#include<cstring>#include<cstdio>#include<string>#include<deque>#include<stack>#include<cmath>#include<queue>#include<set>#include<map>using namespace std;#define INF 0x3f3f3f3f#define MM(x,y) memset(x,y,sizeof(x))#define LC(x) (x<<1)#define RC(x) ((x<<1)+1)#define MID(x,y) ((x+y)>>1)typedef pair<int,int> pii;typedef long long LL;const double PI=acos(-1.0);const int N=65;vector<int>E[N];int vis[N],cnt,m;int nxt[N];void init(){for (int i=0; i<N; ++i)E[i].clear();MM(vis,0);cnt=0;MM(nxt,-1);}void dfs(int s,int fa,int lay){int i,j;for (i=0; i<3; ++i){int v=E[s][i];if(vis[v]==0){vis[v]=1;nxt[s]=v;dfs(v,s,lay+1);nxt[v]=-1;vis[v]=0;}else if(vis[v]==1&&v==m&&lay>=19){printf("%d:  ",++cnt);int flag=0;nxt[s]=m;for (j=m; j!=-1; j=nxt[j]){flag+=(j==m);printf("%d",j);if(flag!=2)putchar(' ');else{putchar('\n');break;}}return ;}}}int main(void){int i,j,a,b,c;init();for (i=1; i<=20; ++i){scanf("%d%d%d",&a,&b,&c);E[i].push_back(a);E[i].push_back(b);E[i].push_back(c);}for (i=0; i<N; ++i){if(!E[i].empty())sort(E[i].begin(),E[i].end());}while (~scanf("%d",&m)&&m){vis[m]=1;dfs(m,-1,0);vis[m]=0;cnt=0;}return 0;}