POJ 1276 Cash Machine

Cash Machine
Time Limit: 1000MS Memory Limit: 10000K
Total Submissions: 34993 Accepted: 12691
Description

A Bank plans to install a machine for cash withdrawal. The machine is able to deliver appropriate @ bills for a requested cash amount. The machine uses exactly N distinct bill denominations, say Dk, k=1,N, and for each denomination Dk the machine has a supply of nk bills. For example,

N=3, n1=10, D1=100, n2=4, D2=50, n3=5, D3=10

means the machine has a supply of 10 bills of @100 each, 4 bills of @50 each, and 5 bills of @10 each.

Call cash the requested amount of cash the machine should deliver and write a program that computes the maximum amount of cash less than or equal to cash that can be effectively delivered according to the available bill supply of the machine.

Notes:
@ is the symbol of the currency delivered by the machine. For instance, @ may stand for dollar, euro, pound etc.
Input

The program input is from standard input. Each data set in the input stands for a particular transaction and has the format:

cash N n1 D1 n2 D2 … nN DN

where 0 <= cash <= 100000 is the amount of cash requested, 0 <=N <= 10 is the number of bill denominations and 0 <= nk <= 1000 is the number of available bills for the Dk denomination, 1 <= Dk <= 1000, k=1,N. White spaces can occur freely between the numbers in the input. The input data are correct.
Output

For each set of data the program prints the result to the standard output on a separate line as shown in the examples below.
Sample Input

735 3 4 125 6 5 3 350
633 4 500 30 6 100 1 5 0 1
735 0
0 3 10 100 10 50 10 10
Sample Output

735
630
0
0
Hint

The first data set designates a transaction where the amount of cash requested is @735. The machine contains 3 bill denominations: 4 bills of @125, 6 bills of @5, and 3 bills of @350. The machine can deliver the exact amount of requested cash.

In the second case the bill supply of the machine does not fit the exact amount of cash requested. The maximum cash that can be delivered is @630. Notice that there can be several possibilities to combine the bills in the machine for matching the delivered cash.

In the third case the machine is empty and no cash is delivered. In the fourth case the amount of cash requested is @0 and, therefore, the machine delivers no cash.
Source

Southeastern Europe 2002
题意：给你要取的金额，面额以及每种的数量，求怎么取能取出最多的钱（不能超过）

思路：多重背包思路，刚开始从小到大枚举，然后发现不一定，情况会出错，然后仔细一想，枚举每种面值的数量，计算出最大值sum_M并保存，最后输出最大的sum_M就是了

#include <cstdio>#include <cstring>#include <algorithm>#include <iostream>#define LL long longusing namespace std;struct node{    int num,det;} bank[110];int cmp(node a,node b){    return a.det>b.det;}int main(){    int money,n;    int dp[111000];    while(~scanf("%d",&money))    {        scanf("%d",&n);        for(int i=1; i<=n; i++)        {            scanf("%d %d",&bank[i].num,&bank[i].det);        }        if(money==0||n==0)        {            cout<<0<<endl;            continue;        }        //sort(bank,bank+n,cmp);        int res,sum_M;        int MAX=0;        memset(dp,0,sizeof(dp));        dp[0]=1;        for(int i = 1; i<=n; i++)        {            for(int j = MAX; j>=0; j--)///枚举所有的面值            {                if(dp[j])                {//cout<<j<<endl;                    for(int k = 1; k<=bank[i].num; k++)                    {                        sum_M = j+k*bank[i].det;                        if(sum_M>money)                            continue;                        dp[sum_M] = 1;                        if(sum_M>MAX)                            MAX = sum_M;                    }                }            }        }        printf("%d\n",MAX);    }    return 0;}